Blood Pressure Notes (PDF)

Blood Pressure Out line Definition of blood pressure. Factors controlling blood pressure. Definition of systolic blood pressure. Definition of diastolic blood pressure. State the normal range of blood pressure. Definition of pulse pressure. Definition of the abnormalities of blood p...

Blood Pressure Out line Definition of blood pressure. Factors controlling blood pressure. Definition of systolic blood pressure. Definition of diastolic blood pressure. State the normal range of blood pressure. Definition of pulse pressure. Definition of the abnormalities of blood pressure: hypertension, hypotension, and postural hypotension. Factors affecting pulse and blood pressure.  BLOOD PRESSURE Is the pressure of the blood against the inner wall of the artery.  BLOOD PRESSURE Blood pressure It is results from two forces. One is created by the heart as it pumps blood into the arteries and through the circulatory system. The other is the force of the arteries as they resist the blood flow. Blood pressure numbers indicate The higher (systolic) number represents the pressure while the heart contracts to pump blood to the body. The lower (diastolic) number represents the pressure when the heart relaxes between beats.  The standard unite for measuring blood pressure is millimeters of mercury (mmHg). A person's BP is usually expressed in terms of the systolic pressure and diastolic pressure (mmHg), for example 120/80 mmHg. Normal blood pressure Systolic = ‫ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬ Diastolic Definition of systolic pressure:- It is the greatest amount of pressure exerted by the blood against the walls of arteries during maximum ventricular contraction.  Definition of diastolic pressure It is the lowest amount of pressure exerted by the blood against the walls of arteries during the resting period of the heart i.e. during the relaxation of the ventricle (refractory period) just before a new ventricular contraction. Normal Range of Blood Pressure : 120 ± 20 ‫ــــــــــــــــــــــ‬ mm Hg. 80 ±15 (refractory period) It is a period just before a new ventricular contraction. NB. Resting period of the heart: is the time of coronary filling. It is known also as the refractory period.  Abnormalities of blood pressure Hypertension: Abnormal elevation of blood pressure. It may be due to increase in the force of the heart, peripheral vascular resistance, loss of elasticity of the blood vessel. The blood pressure is increased more than. 120+20 mm Hg. ‫ــــــــــــــــ‬ 80+15 C- Postural hypotension (orthostatic hypotension) Is a low blood pressure associated with weakness or fainting when rising to an erect position. It is the result of peripheral vasodilatation without a compensatory rise in cardiac output. This type of hypotension can usually be prevented by arising and moving the individual slowly especially after a period of bed rest. Factors controlling blood pressure:- 1- Pumping action of the heart (myocardial strength) 2- Peripheral vascular resistance 3- Elasticity of blood vessels 4- Blood volume 5- Viscosity of blood Factors Affecting Blood Pressure:- Factors Affecting Blood Pressure:- Assessment of blood pressure: Blood pressure may be measured directly or in directly. Thank You Do You Have Any Question?