Behavioural Addictions.pdf

Tuesday, April 9, 2024 Behavioural Addictions Behavioural “Addictions” - Gambling (in the DSM-5) - Internet gaming (in section III of DSM-5) Do not meet DMS-5 criteria: - Internet - Social networking - Texting - Shopping - Sex - Exercise - Eating Many behaviours can be excessive, abusing but to be “...

Tuesday, April 9, 2024 Behavioural Addictions Behavioural “Addictions” - Gambling (in the DSM-5) - Internet gaming (in section III of DSM-5) Do not meet DMS-5 criteria: - Internet - Social networking - Texting - Shopping - Sex - Exercise - Eating Many behaviours can be excessive, abusing but to be “addictions”, they need to meet certain criteria: Components of All Addictions - Preoccupation with substance Increased use of substance beyond expected Inability to control use/stop Withdrawal symptoms Signs of tolerance Restricted activities Impaired functions Harmful or hazardous use Gambling Disorder Similar to substance-related disorders in clinical expression, brain origin, comorbidity, physiology, and treatment DSM-5 CRITERIA Gambling disorder: Persistent and recurrent problematic gambling behaviour leading to clinically signi cant impairment or distress, as indicated by four (or more) of the following in a 12-month period fi 1 Tuesday, April 9, 2024 1. Needs to gamble with increasing amounts of money in order to achieve the desired excitement. 2. Is restless or irritable when attempting to cut down or stop gambling Withdrawal 3. Has made repeated unsuccessful efforts to control, cut back, or stop gambling. 4. Is often preoccupied with gambling (e.g., having persistent thoughts of reliving past gambling experiences, handicapping or planning the next venture, thinking of ways to get money with which to gamble) 5. Often gambles when feeling distressed (e.g., helpless, guilty, anxious, depressed) Avoidance, escaping 6. After losing money gambling, often returns another day to get even (“chasing” one’s losses) 7. Lies to conceal the extent of involvement with gambling 8. Has jeopardized or lost a significant relationship, job, or educational or career opportunity because of gambling 9. Relies on others to provide money to relieve desperate financial situations caused by gambling - 1.2-1.9% of Adults in Canada - Substantial psychiatric comorbidity Personality disorders (obsessive-compulsive, avoidant, etc.) Anxiety disorders Mood disorders Substance Use disorders Internet Gaming Does internet gaming meet the criteria for an addiction? Current Concepts in Addiction (for gaming): - Substance Abuse ✓ Increasing amount of play Unwillingness/inability to stop - Physical dependence ✓ Drug tolerance - Needs more and more to get rush from the games Withdrawal - Psychological dependence ✓ Obsession with the game Impaired social life, school, career - Harm ✓ 2 Tuesday, April 9, 2024 DSM-5 - Expected relief of withdrawal symptoms when gaming - Craving due to the expectation of a positive outcome of gaming - 11.9% met at least 3 of the criteria for gambling addiction 3