Ground Security Operative ASU Revision Booklet 2024-25 PDF

GROUND SECURITY OPERATIVE ASU REVISION BOOKLET C3 - Confidential Rev.5 2024 THE TABLE OF CONTENTS THE THREAT TO AVIATION PAGES 3-5 THE TRAINEE’S ROLE PAGES 6-8 RESPONSE TO SECURITY INCIDENTS...

GROUND SECURITY OPERATIVE ASU REVISION BOOKLET C3 - Confidential Rev.5 2024 THE TABLE OF CONTENTS THE THREAT TO AVIATION PAGES 3-5 THE TRAINEE’S ROLE PAGES 6-8 RESPONSE TO SECURITY INCIDENTS PAGES 9-10 RADIO COMMUNICATIONS PAGES 11-12 ACCESS CONTROL & AIRPORT SECURITY (inc. PAGES 13-28 AIRSIDE/DEMARCATED AREAS) PREPARING PEOPLE FOR SECURITY PAGES 29-31 RECOGNITION OF FIREARMS AND EXPLOSIVES PAGES 32-37 SCREENING BAGGAGE USING X-RAY (inc. EDS/CT- PAGES 38-46 EDS) & USING 2D X-RAY EQUIPMENT EXPLOSIVE TRACE DETECTION EQUIPMENT PAGES 47-49 LIQUID EXPLOSIVE DETECTION SYSTEM PAGES 50-51 METAL DETECTION EQUIPMENT PAGES 52-54 SEARCHING PEOPLE PAGES 57-61 SEARCHING BAGGAGE PAGES 62-65 PATROLLING AND SEARCHING SRA PAGES 66-69 SEARCHING VEHICLES PAGES 70-71 SEARCHING AIRPORT SUPPLIES PAGES 72-73 HOLD BAGGAGE SCREENING (HBS) PAGES 74-76 HOLDING A RESOLUTION CONVERSATION PAGES 77-78 C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT THE THREAT TO AVIATION THREAT LEVELS Critical Attack is highly likely in the near future Severe Attack is highly likely Substantial Attack is likely Moderate Attack is possible but not likely Low Attack is unlikely GROUPS THAT MAY POSE A THREAT TO CIVIL AVIATION: RADICALISED TERRORISTS CRIMINALS INSIDERS PERSONS PERSONS REFUGEES / ACTING IN ASYLUM PROTESTERS AN UNRULY SEEKERS MANNER C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT THE THREAT TO AVIATION TYPES OF ATTACKS PREVIOUS, THWARTED & POTENTIAL ATTACKS AIRCRAFT Complex Sabotage concealment Armed Attack Novel concealment Hijack Hostile IED Reconnaissance AIRPORT OFF AIRPORT Sabotage Sabotage Armed Attack Armed Attack IED / VBIED / PBIED IED / VBIED / PBIED Vehicle used as a Vehicle used as a weapon weapon C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT THE THREAT TO AVIATION WHY IS CIVIL AVIATION AN ATTRACTIVE TARGET? HIGH PROFILE MEDIA COVERAGE COMMERCIAL CROWDED VALUE DISRUPTION C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT THE TRAINEE’S ROLE POSSIBLE SIGNS THAT A PERSON MAY BE A SECURITY CONCERN Invaluable Aspects Knowledge Information Physical access Suspicious Behaviour Abnormal or out of context behaviour Unusual appearance or attire Unusual belongings Signs of tampering Expressing extremist views Criminal activity Making a threat Loitering without apparent purpose Taking photos of security areas Avoiding security personnel or CCTV Avoiding eye contact Asking probing or inappropriate questions Disclosing sensitive information Repeatedly visiting areas outside of the usual journey or work pattern timeline C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT THE TRAINEE’S ROLE CORRECT USE OF ID ID Holder Responsibilities Always display your ID whilst on duty Protect the ID and associated PIN If lost or stolen, report immediately Surrender the card on request or termination of employment Misuse of ID Loaning ID to others for access reasons – i.e. car parking Displaying ID whilst travelling as a passenger Loaning to others for purposes of gaining discount in retail outlets Behaviour Changes in Colleagues / Reporting Significant shifts in personality or lifestyle may indicate welfare concerns or insider risk Supervisor Confidential Reporting Line Combined Control Centre Essex Police Anti-Terror Hotline Emergency Line C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT THE TRAINEE’S ROLE UNATTENDED OR SUSPICIOUS ITEMS OR VEHICLES Dealing with unattended / suspicious items Ask people nearby if they Do not ignore own the item Follow local reporting Do not touch procedures C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT RESPONSE TO SECURITY INCIDENTS UNATTENDED ARTICLES What is an unattended article? An unattended article is any item that is found in any area of the airport that does not appear to be under the direct control / observation of the owner or individual responsible for it Actions on discovery Is this Keep people Report it on someone's away and don’t 2020 bag? touch Escalation process Threat Assessors: Item identified and CCC External Landside – LIMAs informed Threat Assessor attends and Terminal Landside & assesses item Internal Airside – CEAs External Airside – Security If Ambassador or LIMA deems it could Advisor be a threat, they will escalate to the Security Advisor C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT RESPONSE TO SECURITY INCIDENTS UNATTENDED ARTICLES & SUSPECT ITEMS What makes an item suspect? Is it Landside or Airside? Has it been hidden? Type of bag? Does it just seem not right? Has it been deliberately placed? Surrounding infrastructure? Current Threat Level? The Four C’s Confirm Clear Cordon Control Minimum Evacuation Distance Bag/Suitcase - 100m Car - 200m Large Vehicle - 400m C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT RADIO COMMUNICATIONS PHRASEOLOGY Affirm - Yes Negative - No Over - My transmission has ended, and I expect a response from you Out - Transmission ended no response expected Approved - Permission granted Break - Indicates separation between messages Disregard - Consider that transmission not sent Read back - Repeat all back exactly how received Request - I would like to know or obtain Say again - Repeat all or following part of your transmission Roger - Received all transmission (not to be used to reply to a question) Speak slower - Reduce rate of speech Verify - Check and confirm Standby - Wait I will call you C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT RADIO COMMUNICATIONS INTERNATIONAL PHONETIC ALPHABET A ALPHA B BRAVO C CHARLIE D DELTA E ECHO F FOXTROT G GOLF H HOTEL I INDIA J JULIET K KILO L LIMA M MIKE N NOVEMBER O OSCAR P PAPA Q QUEBEC R ROMEO S SIERRA T TANGO U UNIFORM V VICTOR W WHISKEY X X-RAY Y YANKEE Z ZULU C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT ACCESS CONTROL & AIRPORT SECURITY TYPES OF AIRPORT ID PASSES FULL PASS EMPLOYMENT PASS 60 DAY VISITOR PASS 1-7 DAY C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT ACCESS CONTROL & AIRPORT SECURITY CHECKING IDs Check Photo Check Check Scan ID On Reader Person The Reader Message Check Photo R E A D E R CARD VALID M CARD PARKED E S S A G E S WRONG ZONE / DOOR CARD LOST / STOLEN C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT ACCESS CONTROL & AIRPORT SECURITY ID PASS COLOURS & AREAS OF ACCESS All Areas Internal and external or external only airside Internal airside Temporary ID C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT ACCESS CONTROL & AIRPORT SECURITY ID PASS COLOURS & AREAS OF ACCESS Diplomatic ID Landside ID Airside Authorisation Pass ID must always be displayed in one of three areas: Chest height (lanyard ID holder) On the arm (armband ID holder) Lapel / chest pocket (clip-on ID holder) C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT ACCESS CONTROL & AIRPORT SECURITY AIRCREW IDs Aircrew ID AIRCREW ID MAIN CHECKS Name of the holder Photograph of the holder Name of the Air Carrier The word CREW in English The expiry date Aircrew can be allowed entry on a PARKED ID as long as their Aircrew ID has been manually checked to the above criteria If any doubt remains – ESCALATE C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT ACCESS CONTROL & AIRPORT SECURITY KEY AREAS OF THE AIRPORT Landside The part of an airport farthest from the aircraft, the boundary of which is the security checks, customs passport control. It is the area within the airport boundaries exclusive of airside. Airside Means the movement area of an airport, adjacent terrain and buildings or portions thereof, access to which is restricted Demarcated Areas A Demarcated Area is part of the airside area that has been specially designed by the airport operator for the parking, loading, unloading of derogated flights. The Demarcated Area needs to be clearly marked to show that it is separated from other airside areas of an airport Critical Part of the Security Restricted Area All areas of an airport that are accessible by screened departing passengers, all areas through which screen departing hold baggage may pass or in which screened unsecured hold baggage maybe held and any part of an airport that has been designated for parked aircraft to be boarded or loaded. C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT ACCESS CONTROL & AIRPORT SECURITY ZONES AND CORRESPONDING NUMBERS ZONE 1 ZONE 2 ZONE 3 INTERNAL AREAS BAGGAGE BAGGAGE EXCLUDING 2 & 3 RECLAIM MAKEUP ZONE 5 ZONE 6 ZONE 4 AIRCRAFT AND ALL OTHER RAMP THEIR FOOTPRINTS EXTERNAL AREAS ZONE 7 ALL AREAS C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT ACCESS CONTROL & AIRPORT SECURITY TEMPORARY VISITOR PASS Escort Ratio is 1:6 Valid for up to seven days Secondary ID required Must be escorted Checks: - Does the photo match the holder? - Scan QR code & check the outcome - Does it match the ID document? - Is it signed? C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT ACCESS CONTROL & AIRPORT SECURITY TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT PASS IDLE STATE ACCESS GRANTED Escort Ratio is 1:3 Valid for up to 60 days Secondary ID required Must be validated on the card reader ACCESS DENIED Must be escorted Checks: - Does the photo match the holder? - Check Photo-Person-Photo - Scan on the card reader - Check the secondary ID C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT ACCESS CONTROL & AIRPORT SECURITY COMPLIANCE AUTHORITY IDENTIFICATION CARD Old CAA ID CAA Movement Pass Valid until 31/07/24 DFT ID Transport Security Inspector ID MRS. A. Sample MRS. A. Sample C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT ACCESS CONTROL & AIRPORT SECURITY NEW CAA CARD (only CAA passes to be used from 31/07/24) CAA Safety Authorisation Card CAA Security Authorisation Card C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT ACCESS CONTROL & AIRPORT SECURITY COMPLIANCE AUTHORITIES VALIDATING K CARD HOLDERS ------------------------------------------- Validate Compliance officer’s ID pass Validate K card Officer and belongings are exempt from screening One K card PER PERSON GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS The following Government Officials can access Airside using their officially issued ID pass: Department of Environmental Services National Crime Agency Air Accidents Investigation Branch Health and Safety Inspector Warrant Police UK Border Agency (UKBA) Vehicle and Operator Standards Agency Trading Standards Officer C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT ACCESS CONTROL & AIRPORT SECURITY AREAS & ACCESS CONTROL The Airport is split into two main areas: LANDSIDE AIRSIDE There are two main areas Airside: CPSRA All Other Airside Areas Methods for achieving Access Control: Perimeter Fencing Automatic Ticket Presentation Passenger Boarding Card / Ticket Check Personal Staff ID System Searching and Screening of Passengers and Staff Patrols Landside and Airside External and Internal Control Points Alarmed Door System CCTV Red CPSRA signs will be on any door or fence line leading to the critical part of security restricted area CPSRA = CRITICAL PART OF SECURITY RESTRICTED AREA C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT ACCESS CONTROL & AIRPORT SECURITY ACCESS CONTROL What to check on boarding card if the barcode will NOT scan: JD20 Name against the passport Departure airport Date Time Once the information is confirmed write re-issue code C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT ACCESS CONTROL & AIRPORT SECURITY PASSENGER AUTHORISATION VEHICLE AUTHORISATION Vehicle permit must be displayed in the vehicle’s windscreen and the driver’s Airside Driving Permit must be checked BEFORE commencing a search C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT ACCESS CONTROL & AIRPORT SECURITY – AIRSIDE / DEMARCATED AREAS AIRSIDE / DEMARCATED AREAS At Airside Control Posts, staff members can be granted access on a ‘Parked ID’, as long as a visual check is carried out on the pass and the ID holder matches the individual on the pass Remember: Pass – Person – Pass An advisory notice is to be issued to the ID holder if their appearance is modified due to cosmetic changes GENERAL INFORMATION In the event of a CEM (card reader) failure, a portable card reader must be used to validate IDs An Airside vehicle driver must possess: Airport ID Airside Driving Permit Vehicle Permit C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT PREPARING PEOPLE FOR SECURITY LAGs & LEDs LIQUIDS, AEROSOLS AND GELS 20cm Compliant LAGs must be: In containers not exceeding 100ml 20cm Placed in a transparent resealable bag approximately 20x20cm in size When confirmed compliant the bag must be placed on the right-hand side of the tray LIQUID EXPLOSIVE DETECTION SYSTEM LEDS consists of three sub- LEDS should be categories: placed in a separate tray from Baby food the rest of the Prescribed medication passenger’s Duty Free items in a sealed STEBs belongings bag Non-complaint liquids must be placed in the rubbish tray located at the load. When closing the machine or when the tray is full, it must be screened through the main x-ray unit and liquids disposed of in the red bin near the bag searching area C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT PREPARING PEOPLE FOR SECURITY DIVESTMENT & HIDDEN DISABILITIES ITEMS TO DIVEST BAGS: BODIES: Liquids Belts Large electricals (over Coats/jackets the A5 size) e.g. laptops, Large metal watches tablets, hair straighteners, Heavy jewellery e.g. games consoles or tv chains or bangles boxes Please ask the passenger to place small divested items inside the bag or place them underneath heavier items like coats Be aware of hidden disabilities. Some passengers may use bracelets or lanyards provided by schemes for people with hidden disabilities. Examples of these are: Sunflower lanyards or badges Special flyer wristband REMEMBER: Using best practice guidelines and good communication ensures compliant and efficient operation of the security lane C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT PREPARING PEOPLE FOR SECURITY LARGE ELECTRONICS EXAMPLES OF ITEMS OVER A5 TO DIVEST Laptops / iPads / Tablets Small Kitchen Appliances Hair Styling Accessories Gaming / Entertainment Devices C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT RECOGNITION OF FIREARMS AND EXPLOSIVES FIREARMS What is the definition of a Firearm? A lethal barrelled weapon of any description from which any shot, bullet or other missile can be discharged or any object capable or appearing capable of discharging a projectile or causing injury Semi-Automatic Pistol Revolver MAIN FRAME TOP SLIDE BARREL CRANE MAIN FRAME CYLINDER MAGAZINE ON DISCOVERY OF A PART OR COMPLETE FIREARM DURING BODY OR BAG SEARCH, THE SEARCH MUST BE STOPPED AND ESCALATED TO A SUPERVISOR C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT RECOGNITION OF FIREARMS AND EXPLOSIVES EXPLOSIVES What is the definition of an Explosion? An explosion is a rapid increase in volume and release of energy in an extreme manner, usually with the generation of high temperatures and the release of gases Improvised Explosive Device – Improvised Incendiary Device IED – IID EXPLOSIVE MASS INCENDIARY MATERIAL WIRING FLASHBULB INITIATOR DETONATOR INITIATION SYSTEM TIMER SOURCE POWER SOURCE POWER SOURCE ON DISCOVERY OF A PART OR COMPLETE IED OR IID DURING BODY OR BAG SEARCH, THE SEARCH MUST BE STOPPED AND ESCALATED TO A SUPERVISOR C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT RECOGNITION OF FIREARMS AND EXPLOSIVES CATEGORIES OF EXPLOSIVES Examples: SEMTEX TNT MILITARY DET CORD PE4 Examples: GELAMEX DYNAMITE COMMERCIAL NITRO- GLYCERINE Examples: ANFO TATP HOMEMADE HMTD ANAL C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT RECOGNITION OF FIREARMS AND EXPLOSIVES PROHIBITED ARTICLES What is the difference between cabin and hold luggage? CABIN HOLD Passengers have access to the Passengers don’t have cabin bag access to the hold bag Allowed in hold (prohibited Illegal - not allowed onboard from cabin): the aircraft: Articles that could be used in Items that are illegal within acts of unlawful interference on the UK board an aircraft or in CPSRA Examples: Examples: Lock Knives Liquids over 100ml Butterfly Knives Blades over 6cm Martial arts weapons Tools Ammunition or firearms Selected sports equipment without license ILLEGAL ITEMS MAY NEED TO BE ESCALATED TO THE POLICE, PLEASE ESCALATE TO A TEAM LEADER IF YOU HAVE ANY DOUBTS OR CONCERNS FOR UP-TO-DATE INFO ON THE ITEMS CLASIFICATION PLEASE REFER TO THE PROHIBITED ITEMS LIST IN THE FOLDER LOCATED IN EACH SECURITY LANE C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT RECOGNITION OF FIREARMS AND EXPLOSIVES PROHIBITED ARTICLES Examples of everyday items prohibited from the cabin: Selected sports equipment e.g. baseball bat or a hockey stick Hiking sticks when not used as a walking aid Toy guns Large kitchen knives and blades e.g. a meat cleaver Power tools e.g. nail gun, drill, circular saw Corkscrew Groups who have legitimate reason or valid excuse to carry prohibited articles into a Critical Part of Security Restricted Area: Police UK Border Force Covert Testers (Training Team, Redline, CAA) Emergency Services Compliance and Training Team Contractors (TOOLS OF THE TRADE) Tools of the Trade: TOOLS OF THE TRADE CATEGORIES A- Guns, firearms and other devises that discharge projectiles B - Stunning devices C - Objects with a sharp point or sharp edge (e.g. knives with blades over 6cm) D - Workmen's tools Tools of the E - Blunt instruments trade F - Explosive and incendiary substances and categories are devices located on the G - Work related liquids over 100ml (not milk or ID next to the liquids sold or used to produce goods in a retail photo unit -these are not covered by the TOTT pass system) C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT RECOGNITION OF FIREARMS AND EXPLOSIVES PROHIBITED ARTICLES Methods of concealment False compartments Disguised IN something Disguised AS something Signs of potential concealment or suspicious nature of the item: Signs of tampering e.g. handstitched bag or damage to screwheads on electrical devices Signs of repair or taped up Discrepancies in weight and balance False bottom in a bag Ripped or torn lining Protruding wires Greasy stains Strong or masking smells IF YOU SPOT A SUSPICIOUS ITEM, DO NOT TOUCH IT AND FOLLOW CORRECT ESCALATION PROCEDURES! C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT SCREENING BAGGAGE USING X-RAY (inc. EDS/CT-EDS) & USING 2D X-RAY EQUIPMENT GENERAL INFORMATION ON X-RAY SCREENING X-rays are a highly penetrating form of ionising radiation There is no residual radiation left on the items after they pass the screening X-ray screening machines produce high voltages therefore you should never operate a machine with any of the outer casing missing Items moving while being screen will cause the image to be distorted You can easily establish the size of an item by comparing it to another familiar item The main advantage of x-ray screening is the ability to see inside of objects, e.g. spray canisters The apparent shape and density of an item will differ when its orientation is changed When the item cannot be immediately cleared, press stop, use the enhancements to make a decision. If you still can’t make a decision the bag should be rejected for hand search CAPABILITIES LIMITATIONS Cluttered bags reduce Customers feel safe ability of finding threats Ability to see inside items Opaque areas Detect suspicious or Orientation affects the prohibited items image Identification of materials Complex electrical items through colour Expensive C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT SCREENING BAGGAGE USING X-RAY (inc. EDS/CT-EDS) & USING 2D X-RAY EQUIPMENT X-RAY IMAGE & COLOURS ORANGE = ORGANIC BLUE = INORGANIC Any substance which is or Any substance that is once was a living material composed of non-living material GREEN = MIX BLACK = OPAQUE A mixture of organic and Material that is too dense for non-organic materials the x-rays to pass through C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT SCREENING BAGGAGE USING X-RAY (inc. EDS/CT-EDS) & USING 2D X-RAY EQUIPMENT TIP TIP IS A FICTIONAL THREAT PROJECTED ONTO A REAL PASSENGER BAG ❑ TIP is used to monitor performance, maintain concentration levels and identify training needs. ❑ There are four categories of TIP images: Guns, Knives, Bombs and Others Four types of TIP messages: YOU HAVE CORRECTLY IDENTIFIED A FICTIONAL (BOMB) THREAT P1 CHECK THE BAG TO MAKE SURE THERE ARE NO REAL THREATS YOU DID NOT IDENTIFY A FICTIONAL (GUN) THREAT P1 CHECK THE BAG TO MAKE SURE THERE ARE NO REAL THREATS A FICTIONAL (KNIFE) THREAT WAS CANCELLED P1 CHECK THE BAG TO MAKE SURE THERE ARE NO REAL THREATS YOU ARE NOT BEING TESTED AT THIS TIME P1 NO FICTIONAL THREAT WAS PROJECTED PLEASE FOLLOW THE APPROPRIATE SECURITY PROCEDURES REGARDLESS OF THE MESSAGE, AFTER CLEARING IT YOU SHOULD ALWAYS RECHECK THE BAG! C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT SCREENING BAGGAGE USING X-RAY (inc. EDS/CT-EDS) & USING 2D X-RAY EQUIPMENT GENERAL INFORMATION ON TIP Log in with your individual x-ray login credentials, log off after you finish screening Before you log off, make sure to make a decision on the last image screened TIP images are presented on a random basis during x-ray screening session After 30 seconds the tip image will time out, therefore you have to make a decision in the 30 seconds after the image first showing on the screen VDU OPERATOR’S RESPONSIBILITIES Careful examination of the items passing through the x-ray machine, taking appropriate care to view the bag and its contents Using image enhancements when required Follow the correct procedures to reject bag for hand search Maintain correct reject ratios as directed by the CAA (VP3/VP10) – 1 in 20) Be aware of distractions – ALWAYS stop the belt if a distraction occurs Adhere to a maximum screening time of 20 minutes Follow correct escalation procedures in the event of discovering high threat items C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT SCREENING BAGGAGE USING X-RAY (inc. EDS/CT-EDS) & USING 2D X-RAY EQUIPMENT SAFETY FEATURES OF THE X-RAY EQUIPMENT EMERGENCY STOP BUTTON WARNING LIGHTS PERSPEX TUNNEL LOCAL RULES JUMP ROLLER SIGNAGE LEAD CURTAIN LEAD CASING / INTERLOCK C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT SCREENING BAGGAGE USING X-RAY (inc. EDS/CT-EDS) & USING 2D X-RAY EQUIPMENT ENHANCEMENTS FEATURE Organic Only – Removes inorganic material leaving the organic parts of the x-ray image. Mixed and opaque areas may still be visible. Good for identifying explosive material within electrical items. Negative – Dark areas become light and light areas become dark. Good for tracing wires and circuitry. Black and White – Removes all colour from image, representing the density of the items with different shades of grey. The higher the density of the item the darker it will be on the image. Organic Stripping – Removes the organic material. Mixed and opaque areas may still be visible. Good for highlighting metallic objects. C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT SCREENING BAGGAGE USING X-RAY (inc. EDS/CT-EDS) & USING 2D X-RAY EQUIPMENT ENHANCEMENTS FEATURE Vari-mat – Lightens or darkens an image making lighter items more visible or allowing to see through denser items better. It can be used in tandem with other enhancements, excluding super enhance. High Penetration – Lightens the whole image instantly. Good for investigating high density items. X-Plore – Highlights areas of similar atomic composition to that of explosive material. Good for highlighting potential explosive material. Super Enhancement – Enhancing the edges of the items, displaying shapes with more intensity and clarity. Good for highlighting very low-density items e.g. plastic bags or toy guns. C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT SCREENING BAGGAGE USING X-RAY (inc. EDS/CT-EDS) & USING 2D X-RAY EQUIPMENT SMITHS DETECTION KEYBOARD Mark / Frame Black & White + Hi Pen enhancements Search / Reject Clears all the enhancements applied Main menu – used to log in and out of the machine Zoom – used to inspect image in closer detail Increase and decrease magnification (up to 8x) Navigator – used to quick zoom to sections of the screen and to navigate menu items Moves the belt in the direction of the arrow Moves the belt in the direction of the arrow Stops the belt Rewinds the images (up to 60) Navigates the image timeline towards most recent C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT EXPLOSIVE TRACE DETECTION EQUIPMENT TYPES OF EQUIPMENT IN USE RAPISCAN MORPHO SWAB IS DISCARDED AFTER ACTIVATION OR WHEN WORN/FRAYED OR DIRTY SMITHS IONSCAN 600 SINGLE USE SWABS – DISCARD AFTER ONE USE, KEEP AWAY FROM MOISTURE Both types of ETDE can be either mains or battery powered and are fully touch screen operated REMEMBER! ON ALL TYPES OF BAG SEARCHES, YOU MUST SWAB: HANDLES, ZIPS AND POCKETS, AS WELL AS INSIDE OF THE BAG (LINING), ALL ELECTRICAL ITEMS AND ANYTHING THAT YOU CANNOT PHYSICALLY SEARCH C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT EXPLOSIVE TRACE DETECTION EQUIPMENT CAPABILITIES & LIMITATIONS CAPABILITIES Visual deterrent Checks for possible explosives inside items which we cannot physically see inside Will detect explosives LIMITATIONS Requires consent Time consuming Vulnerable to human failings False activations Only detects explosives Expensive C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT EXPLOSIVE TRACE DETECTION EQUIPMENT SUBSTANCES WHICH ACTIVATE ETDE EXPLOSIVES Explosives and substances used to manufacture explosives will cause activations on the ETDE ANGINA SPRAY Some types of medication can contain ingredients used in the production of explosives E.G. Angina spray which contains Nirto-Glyerine HAIR DYE COMPONENTS Some hair dye kits contain Peroxide which can be used to create Homemade Explosives such as TATP ESCALATION PROCESS: ON FIRST ACTIVATION: CLEAR DOWN THE MACHINE AND RESAMPLE THE ITEMS INDIVIDUALLY, INFORM THE ASDS/GSS IF SECOND ACTIVATION OCCURS, ESCALATE TO ASDS/GSS AND COMMUNICATE THE ACTIVATION. NEXT STEPS: FULL BAG SEARCH AND FURTHER XRAY EXAMINATION C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT LIQUID EXPLOSIVE DETECTION SYSTEM TYPES OF EQUIPMENT IN USE COBALT PRIMARY LIQUID TESTING EQUIPMENT FOR TERMINAL SECURITY CEIA SECONDARY LIQUID TESTING EQUIPMENT FOR TERMINAL SECURITY PRIMARY LIQUID TESTING EQUIPMENT FOR AIRSIDE SECURITY NUCTECH SECONDARY LIQUID TESTING EQUIPMENT FOR AIRSIDE SECURITY C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT LIQUID EXPLOSIVE DETECTION SYSTEM TESTING PROCESS LAGS – 100ML OR LESS Compliant liquids 100ml or less must be placed in a transparent resealable bag For the test, select one of the liquids at random, place it inside the Cobalt machine against the cone and close the door ON FIRST ACTIVATION – ESCALATE TO THE SUPERVISOR LEDS – OVER 100ML (LIQUIDS IN SCOPE) Liquids in scope [baby food, Duty Free in STEBs bag or prescribed medication] have to be tested in primary testing equipment first (Cobalt for TSU, Ceia for ASU) ON FIRST ACTIVATION – TEST THE LIQUID IN SECONDARY EQUIPMENT (CEIA FOR TSU, NUCTECH FOR ASU) ON SECOND ACTIVATION – ESCALATE TO THE SUPERVISOR ALL LIQUID EXPLOSIVE DETECTION MACHINES ARE CAPABLE OF TESTING ALL THE TYPES OF CONTAINERS ALWAYS USE PRIMARY DEVICE FOR INITIAL TEST! C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT METAL DETECTION EQUIPMENT GENERAL INFORMATION CAPABILITIES Detects metallic threats Randomly selects customers (WTMD) HHMD is portable Visual deterrent Zonal indication of a threat LIMITATIONS Does not detect non-metallic threats Cannot be used on pacemakers or PRM HHMD requires batteries Health concerns TYPES OF ALARMS ON WTMD – WALK TROUGH METAL DETECTOR QUOTE – INTERMITTENT ALARM Passenger was selected at random for the test METALLIC ACTIVATION – CONTINUOUS ALARM Passenger has a metallic item on their body C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT METAL DETECTION EQUIPMENT WTMD – IMPORTANCE OF THE FLOW CONTROLLER Position yourself to minimise potential breaches Use non-verbal gestures to control passenger flow Always face the direction of the WTMD Never leave the WTMD unattended when open Clearly communicate with passengers 1. Head hairline to the neck Divestment of shoes for all QUOTs & Zone 4 2. Head side to side 3. Outline activations upper body 4. Colour in front upper body 5. Box legs hip to knee (outside, front, inside)FRONT All WTMD alarms (whether QUOT or Metallic Alarm) to be dealt with in- line with that location’s process Always be mindful of potential medical exemptions to WTMD screening and follow the correct secondary screening process C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT METAL DETECTION EQUIPMENT HHMD – HAND-HELD METAL DETECTOR The Route 1. Head hairline to the neck 2. Head side to side 3. Outline upper body 4. Colour in front upper body 5. Box legs hip to knee (outside, front, inside)FRONT The HHMD needs to be as near as possible without touching the body Always TEST the HHMD before use Always CHIP each activated area C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT SEARCHING PEOPLE GENERAL INFORMATION CAPABILITIES Visual deterrent Can be conducted anywhere Allows for closer examination No equipment required Detects non-metallic threats Most of your senses are used LIMITATIONS 1. Head hairline to the neck side 2. Head Opento side to human failings Requires 3. Outline upper body consent inTime 4. Colour consuming front upper body legsCan 5. Box be(outside, hip to knee unpleasant front, inside)FRONT Can be unhygienic Restricted by gender Physical limitations e.g. size WHEN WE WOULD SEARCH WTMD activation Body scanner dictated Suspicious behaviour Equipment failure People unable to stand C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT SEARCHING PEOPLE POINTS TO REMEMBER Types of search Metallic Non-metallic Reason search WTMD evader Children under the age of 16 Gain consent from parent / guardian Parent / guardian must witness entire search 1. HeadComplete hairline to the neck search to level 1 standard 2. Head side to side Religious headwear 3. Outline upper body 4. Separate Colour consent required in front upper body 5. Offer Box legs to (outside, hip to knee wearfront, gloves inside)FRONT HHMD & hand search Refusal to hand search = HHMD and ETD Private search initiation Customer request Medical refusal Cannot resolve activation Religious reasons Not happy with search (i.e. concealed item found) C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT SEARCHING PEOPLE FEMALE BODY SEARCH Consent and sharps questioning Hair check Collar, shoulders, collar bone sweep Arm x 2 Sides – start at armpits, sweep hips and back up to armpits Window wipe including ‘Shark fin’ 1. HeadMinimum 2 single-handed sideways swipes hairline to the neck 2. Headacross side to side torso 3. Waistband Outline upper body 4. Stomach Colour swipe in front upper body 5. Box Cut legs hip in, boxing to knee – inner (outside, front, and outer thigh –outer inside)FRONT- starting at waistband Front and back thigh – including buttocks Twisting on lower leg and ankle Repeat on other leg Stand at side – singlehanded strokes downwards to cover back – start at top, down to waistband C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT SEARCHING PEOPLE MALE BODY SEARCH Consent and sharps questioning Collar, shoulders, collar bone sweep Arm x 2 Sweep down from arm pits to hips, continuing round to front of torso finishing with W to waistband Waistband Head 1. Groin hairline toswipe the neck Head 2. Boxing side to sidefront and back of upper leg – waistband to upper 3. Outline knee body Colour 4. Boxing sides in front upper body of upper leg – outside from 5. Boxwaistband, inside legs hip to knee (outside, including lift front, inside)FRONT- Twisting on lower leg and ankle Repeat on other leg Stand at side – 3 strokes downwards to cover back – start at top down to waistband ALWAYS REMEMBER THE IMPORTANCE OF DIVERSITY & INCLUSION DURING BODY SEARCHING ALWAYS BE MINDFUL OF HIDDEN DISABILITIES C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT SEARCHING BAGGAGE GENERAL INFORMATION CAPABILITIES Closer examination Can be conducted anywhere No special equipment required Use of your senses Visual Deterrent Personal interaction / Profiling Customer feels safe and secure 1. Head hairline to the neck 2. Head side to side LIMITATIONS 3. Outline upper body Requires co-operation / consent 4. Colour in front upper body Time consuming 5. Box legs hip to knee (outside, front, inside)FRONT Complicated with larger bags Vulnerable to human failings Limitations for electrical or mechanical items Embarrassing / Unhygienic / Unpleasant WHEN WE WOULD SEARCH Rejected by x-ray operator Random ratios Reasoned search / suspicious behaviour C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT SEARCHING BAGGAGE ESCALATION PROCESS On discovery of a prohibited item e.g. illegal knife (Lock Knife or Flick Knife etc.): Remove the item from the bag Place the item to one side Complete the search Explain to the passenger that you need to consult your colleague regarding this item Call the supervisor Discreetly inform your supervisor what you 1. Head hairline to the neck have found 2. Head side to side 3. Outline upper body 4. Colour in front upper body On discovery of an IED or IID, Firearm or component parts (including toy firearms): 5. Box legs hip to knee (outside, front, inside)FRONT Stop the search Do not touch the item Move the bag away from the customer Call the supervisor Discreetly inform your supervisor what you have found and that the search is incomplete C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT PATROLLING AND SEARCHING SRA PATROL DESIGNATIONS FOUR INTERNAL PATROLS Foxtrot 1 is a main patrol – it is a continuous patrol carried out by Terminal Security Foxtrots A, B and C are Satellite patrols and are carried out by the Customer Experience Ambassador team 1. Head hairline to the neck FOUR EXTERNAL PATROLS 2. Head side to side Mobiles 1, 2, 3 and 4 are the external patrols carried out by the 3. Outline upper body Airfield 4. Colour Patrol in front upper body Officers (APO) 5. Box legs hip to knee (outside, front, inside)FRONT ONE UNDERCROFT ROAD PATROL Foxtrot 4 is carried out by the LIMA team, covering the Undercroft Road and car parks Equipment used on patrols: Radio Card reader Post orders Airstar tablet Advisory notices C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT PATROLLING AND SEARCHING SRA PATROLS What makes an effective patrol? Challenge staff where required Report faults and breaches Ensure correct radio protocol Clear record keeping Random times applied When searching is required Air Bridge Sweep The interior and exterior of the bridge, as well 1.as allhairline Head the associated to the neck areas will be searched. 2.This Headwill sidebe conducted by the CEA / APO to side teams after the arrival of a Non-EU (3rd Country 3. Outline upper body Arrivals) flight 4. Colour in front upper body 5.Temporary Critical Box legs hip to knee Part (outside, front, – FBO operatives inside)FRONT When a TCP setup is required, a search of the area will be conducted – this will include all vehicles within the TCP boundaries. Once the TCP is set up, all vehicles and persons entering will be subject to search Breach Where a breach has occurred, there may be a requirement to search an area to check for prohibited items and unauthorised people. For example, a breach could be the discovery of an unsecured door between Airside and Landside areas C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT PATROLLING AND SEARCHING SRA NON-EU FLIGHTS (3RD COUNTRY ARRIVALS) Areas to be checked: Air Bridge Jetty The area between the aircraft door and the arrivals corridor inside of satellite buildings need to be checked for prohibited articles and unauthorised persons and, to deal with any unattended items within the area PRM vehicles to where customers disembark (ABM) 1. Head hairline to the neck Theside 2. Head interior to side of the PRM vehicle needs to be checked 3. Outline for prohibited articles and upper body unauthorised persons and to deal with any 4. Colour in front upper body unattended items. The PRM vehicle needs to belegs 5. Box escorted hip to knee to the front, (outside, offload point inside)FRONT Disembark route The area between the aircraft door and link bridge stairs or a coach needs to be checked for prohibited articles and unauthorised persons and, to deal with any unattended items within the area The Non-EU flight checks are carried out by Customer Experience Ambassadors and Airfield Patrol Officers C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT PATROLLING AND SEARCHING SRA DEALING WITH AN UNAUTHORISED PERSON Advise your supervisor – Take practicable measures to reduce the impact of the breach Stay with the person / escort landside Record all details of the incident / complete a Security Incident Report Form CHALLENGING PERSONS WITHOUT AN ID 1. Head hairline to the neck Request the individual presents authorisation / ID 2. Head side to side Remind staff member that ID should be displayed in accordance 3. Outline upper body with protocol at all times and issue an advisory 4. Colour in front notice upper body hip 5. Box legs If to noknee ID,(outside, followfront, theinside)FRONT Unauthorised Persons process CHALLENGING PERSONS ON TEMPORARY PASS – NO ESCORT Question the person as to where their escort is Stay with the person / escort landside Issue advisory notice to temporary pass holder Remove temporary pass Escalate to a supervisor C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT SEARCHING VEHICLES GENERAL INFORMATION Vehicles are searched CAPABILITIES on entry to the Critical Can be conducted Part anywhere CP1 search ratio is 1:10 No special equipment Vehicle searching can required take place anywhere Visual deterrent Compactor vehicles to Can detect threats run a compaction cycle before being searched LIMITATIONS Time consuming Human failings Hazardous Unhygienic SEALED VEHICLES All sealed vehicles must have the correct corresponding documentation – vehicle must be refused access if the security seal is broken, or the documentation is incorrect Only the cargo area may be sealed – all other areas of the vehicle must be checked Any unsecure supplies vehicles that cannot be sufficiently screened at the Validation Point must be escorted to the point of offload C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT SEARCHING VEHICLES AREAS TO BE SEARCHED Area 1 – Door pockets, sun visors & glove box Area 2 – Seat pockets, under seats & foot wells Area 3 – Boot / luggage / cargo area Area 4 – Wheel arches Area 5 – Engine compartment Area 6 – Any other area(s) not covered in areas 1-5 (noted on the relevant paperwork) VEHICLE SEARCH EXEMPTIONS CAN INCLUDE: Areas of a vehicle carrying a prisoner, detainee or person under arrest K card holders Police vehicles transporting barrelled firearms / tasers, whether on the person or in the vehicle Compliance Authority vehicles with compartments containing dogs used for the pursuance of duties In the event of an emergency call during search, the search must immediately be stopped to allow the vehicle to proceed BE AWARE OF METHODS OF CONCEALMENT: Weight – suspension Damage to screwheads Unusual odours Protruding wires Disguised in or as something Signs of tampering / repair C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT  SEARCHING AIRPORT SUPPLIES REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS Use a systematic approach to ensure the following: All airport supplies are subject to screening before entering the Critical Part to ensure no prohibited articles are being carried. No airport supplies are exempt from security screening Airport supplies are screened on entry to the Critical Part if they have not been 1. screened Head hairline tobythea Known Supplier prior to neck 2. delivery. Head side to side If airport supplies have been screened by a 3. Outline upper body Known Supplier, the seal on a vehicle and 4. paperwork must Colour in front upper bodybe checked and Known 5. Supplier listknee Box legs hip to must be front, (outside, referenced inside)FRONT If the items are too large to be screened, they must be searched, and ETD testing must be carried out. If an adequate search cannot be performed at the Critical Part entry point, the items must be escorted to the offload point and searched during the offload The airport supplies should be handled only by retail staff. If the items need to be searched, please use provided equipment and apply correct manual handling techniques C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT  SEARCHING AIRPORT SUPPLIES PROHIBITED ITEMS Action on discovery of a prohibited item: Detection of a prohibited item: Complete the search and inform the supervisor if required Remove the item and follow appropriate action i.e. voluntary abandonment If the item was is illegal or was concealed, follow appropriate escalation procedure and inform 1. Head hairlinethe to thesupervisor neck 2. Head side to side Detection of a Firearm or IED/IID or 3. Outline upper body component parts: 4. Colour in front upper body 5. Box legs hip to knee (outside, front, inside)FRONT Stop the search and clear any persons from the area / airlock – call supervisor Discreetly inform the supervisor of the suspicions and state that the search is incomplete The officers must stop processing customers / vehicles and ensure no further access is allowed to the area / airlock C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT HOLD BAGGAGE SCREENING GENERAL INFORMATION CAPABILITIES You can see inside items Can detect dangerous goods and devices Less manpower – automatic screening at Level 1 Robust process – the 5 Levels allow for more in-depth screening Use of advanced technology – CTX LIMITATIONS Still dependant on human operators to view and interpret images after Level 1 Range of variables, like clutter, affect the difficulty of identifying items within a bag Human failings Equipment is expensive HOLD BAGGAGE SCREENING LEVELS Level 1 – Automated screening Level 2/3 – Manned x-ray 45 seconds / Operator intervention CT screening Level 4 – Passenger reconciliation Level 5 – Suspect IED / IID C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT HOLD BAGGAGE SCREENING HOLD BAGGAGE SCREENING LEVELS Level 1 Automated screening cleared / Baggage Sort OR Escalated to Level 2 Level 2 Manned x-ray 45 seconds / Baggage Sort OR Escalated to Level 3 Level 3 Operator intervention CT screening / Baggage Sort OR Escalated to Level 4 Level 4 Passenger reconciliation (hand search) / Clear to Handling Agent OR Remove prohibited item(s) / Escalated to Level 5 Level 5 Suspect IED / IID – Bag screened via CTX / CCC informed / Threat Assessor and Police attend All Level 5 incidents must be recorded and reported by the Supervisor C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT HOLD BAGGAGE SCREENING UNACCOMPANIED HOLD BAGGAGE Unaccompanied hold baggage means there is no corresponding passenger on the flight It is the Air Carrier’s responsibility to perform a risk assessment on the carriage of unaccompanied hold baggage The baggage screener is responsible for screening unaccompanied hold baggage The screener must inform the supervisor if they suspect an IED / IID within the unaccompanied hold baggage GENERAL INFORMATION Built-in Explosive Detection System Out Of Gauge items can include: – Sporting equipment – Large items – Fragile items – Pushchairs / car seats Hold Baggage becomes the Air Carrier’s responsibility once it has been screened and is with the Handling Agent C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT  HOLDING A RESOLUTION CONVERSATION WHY START A RESOLUTION CONVERSATION? Gain knowledge Clarify doubts Resolve issues Investigate concerns Deter hostile activity Resolution conversations can take place ANYWHERE and be conducted by ANYONE 1. Head hairline to the neck Having a sense of purpose means having a reason 2. Head side to side to be in that place, at that time 3. Outline upper body USE THE CONVERSATION WORKOUT 4. Colour in front upper body Establish 5. Box legs hip to knee (outside, front,background inside)FRONT information / “Warm up” Baselining Pleasant Build rapport Dig into the story “Workout” Probing Confirm detail and gather evidence Small talk to add to the conversational “Cool feel Pleasant down” Appropriate security or customer service messages Good Security Culture = Airport less likely to be perceived as a soft target C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT  HOLDING A RESOLUTION CONVERSATION SUSPICIOUS ACTIVITY Suspicious activity can include: Putting down a bag and walking away from it Taking photos of infrastructure or security processes Not wearing an ID pass in an area where one is required Acting nervously or agitated Loitering without apparent purpose Asking unusual or unnecessary questions 1. HeadAvoiding security hairline to the neck personnel or systems 2. Head side to side 3. Outline upper body What makes a person suspicious is not their skin colour, gender, 4. Colour in front upper body ethnicity or position in society It’s 5. Box legs hipwhat to kneethey are (outside, doing, front, where they are or how they are inside)FRONT behaving USE THE POWER OF “HELLO” If you think someone could be acting suspiciously, approach them and start that resolution conversation Security questions can be posed in a customer service manner Any remaining uncertainty around someone’s behaviour should be escalated to a supervisor C3 - Confidential STANSTED TRAINING DEPARTMENT