Art Appreciation PDF

art Appreciation Today's Lesson Humanities and Art Appreciation Description and Creation of Arts Functions and Purpose of Arts What is humanities? What is Art?  Humanities art appreciation As a branch of knowledge, Humaniti...

art Appreciation Today's Lesson Humanities and Art Appreciation Description and Creation of Arts Functions and Purpose of Arts What is humanities? What is Art?  Humanities art appreciation As a branch of knowledge, Humanities Art appreciation is a way to express explores the human conditions through ideas and allows individuals to the use of analytical, critical, or illustrate their feelings when they view theoretical methods. an artwork. It helps develops critical and innovative skills in thinking and The term ―Humanities is from a Latin teaches essential qualities in listening, word “humanus”, which means educated. observing, and responding to multiple It refers to the learning of arts such as viewpoints. It also requires an ability to architecture, dance, literature, music, differentiate what is apparent and painting, theatre, and sculpture. what is not.  The creation of Arts The word ―art is from Latin word “arti”, which means craftsmanship, inventiveness, mastery of form, skill. It includes literature, music, paintings, photography, sculpture, etc. It serves as an original record of human needs and achievements. Artist are usually referred to as those who It is a human capability to make things create within a context of the fine arts such beautiful through the production of his/her as acting, dancing, drawing, filmmaking, imagination depending on the preparation, painting, sculpture, writing, photography, and music. They are those who use imagination theme, medium, and values used. and skill to construct works that may be judged to have aesthetic importance.  The creation of ideas Artists are usually impressionable persons. They used their experiences as their basis in the making of dance, picture, a poem, or a play or a song. For example, a composer may write a song on the developing romance of a man and a woman, or on the pants of a broken-hearted. The creation Of MAterials The creation of forms The artist uses different materials or There are diverse forms used by the mediums to give form to an idea. For artists in expressing their ideas. It is a example, a painter uses pigments; a medium of artistic expression recognize sculptor uses wood, metal or stone; an as fine art. This form is used to explain author uses words; and a composer who the physical nature of the artwork like in uses musical sounds to determine the metal sculpture, an oil painting, etc. notes. function of arts Arts have been part of human history. It described, defined, and deepened the human experience.  Individual function Social function The artists perform arts because Man associates with others through his art performance that arouses of the passion of their respective social consciousness. Examples of art forms. A singer presents a this association are the choral concert for free because of her singing, group dancing, public art advocacy anf the love of singing. exhibits and other practices. Economic function Political function Arts are emerging as a potent force in the Art provides a forum for ideas that will lead to economic life of people assumes an employment, prestige, status, and power. During essential role as a direct and indirect election period, for example, the candidates contributor to state economies. Example for created their artworks (Poster) which expresses this is by generating economic vitality in their propaganda, agendas, and political views under-performing regions through crafts, about making a stable society. tourism, and cultural attractions. Historical function Art is an essential technique for information to be recorded and preserved. It serves to document or reconstruct historical figure and events. Most arts that are in Museums, for example, are filled with amazing stories about the world most excellent and creative people who brought us treasures. By looking at a work of art’s colors, materials, and symbolism, we can learn about the story and culture that produced it in the past. Cultural function Art is an articulation and transmission of new information and values. Example, when you think of Cebu, you probably think of Sinulog, Magellan’s Cross, and CCLEX. Physical function Buildings are artistically designed and constructed to protect their occupants and make their life more meaningful. Architects, Industrial and Graphic Designers, and Interior Designers share the responsibility in building environment that balance forms and functions. Aesthetic function Any artwork means beauty. It is visual spice for gracefully adorned interiors and can bring out the most elegant features of different decor elements. It reasonably reproduced visual images which communicate through fantastic persuasions and meaningful words. Purpose of art creativity creativity or imagination is the primary basis of art. it allows expression of individuality of the artist. Some purposes of art are the following: 1. Create beauty- Art is an expression of our thoughts, emotions, and intuitions. It is the communication of concepts that cannot be faithfully protrayed by words alone. The artist has considered nature as the standard of beauty. For example, beauty can be in a snowy mountain scene, and the art is the photograph of it shown to the family. 2. Provide Decoration- Artworks are used to create a pleasing environment. It is intended to beautify things to please and amuse the viewers through its colors. 3. Reveal Truth- Artwork helped to pursue truth and attempted to reveal about how the world work. It is a kind of language that allows artists to send a message to the souls of the recipients that help change their attitudes, their sensibility, and their ethics. 4. Express Values- Arts can illuminate our inner lives and enrich our emotional world. 5. Commemorate Experience- Arts serves to convey the personal Experiences of an artist and record his impression in his work. 6. Create harmony– An artist makes use of the composition to put an order in the diverse content of his work. Thank you! DEFINING PROF. JELLY JANE JASPE “WE MAKE ART, AND ART MAKE US”  ART IS EVERYWHERE ART AS EXPRESSION AND COMMUNICATION ART AS CREATION ART AND EXPERIENCE ART AND NATURE ART AS BEAUTY EXPLORING ARTS AND CULTURE Culture pertains to the “complex whole” of ideas and things produced by people in their existence. It is a set of values, beliefs and attitudes that a person or group of individuals may possess. CULTURE AND ARTS Culture is an accumulation of shared knowledge, experiences, values, attitudes, hierarchies, meanings, beliefs, notions of time and space, material objects acquired by people in a contiguous space through generations CULTURE AND SOCIETY Culture and society are interwoven but should not be confused. Culture comprises “objects” in a preliterate society. On the other hand, society is consisting of people that share a common way of living. KEY CONCEPTS OF CULTURE Culture is a total pattern Culture has structure Culture is learned/adapted Culture is shared Culture is influential Culture is transmitted Culture is dynamic/ culture change Culture Differences ELEMENTS OF CULTURE Trait Complex Pattern Meanings Functions Institutions AGAIN, WHY DO WE NEED TO STUDY HUMANITIES?  SYNCHRONIC It is a method in examining works of art, where we are looking into art as it is or per se. DIACHRONIC It analyzes the evolution of art forms over time or duration. FUNCTIONS OF ARTS PERSONAL PHYSICAL SOCIAL UTILITARIAN PERSONAL FUNCTION Every masterpiece is a product of an artist’s mind and creativity that depends on an artist’s emotions, thoughts, and feelings as influenced by his surroundings. PHYSICAL FUNCTION It is an art form that serves various physical purposes for usefulness and comfort or functional. However, when art work serves both aesthetic and functional then it is called utilitarian. SOCIAL FUNCTION Refers to artworks that collectively address to culture, political, environmental or community issues. Pictorial forms Satire Propaganda literature Advertising Art Cultural/Historical/ Religious Functions PICTORIAL FORMS This kind of social function is a powerful means of putting across a message, humanitarian concerns as well as ideological or political comments. SATIRE (CARICATURE) It aims to ridicule an individual, groups, or society with the aim of sending across a message of awareness and change. PROPAGANDA LITERATURE Thou, who by sharp strife Wakest thy mind to life; And the memory bright “TO THE PHILIPINO YOUTH” BY JOSE RIZAL Of thy genius' light Makest immortal in its strength; Hold high the brow serene, See how in flaming zone O youth, where now you stand; Amid the shadows thrown, And thou, in accents clear Let the bright sheen The Spaniard'a holy hand Of Phoebus, to Apelles dear; Of your grace be seen, A crown's resplendent band Or by the brush's magic art Fair hope of my fatherland! Proffers to this Indian land. Takest from nature's store a part, To fig it on the simple canvas' length; Come now, thou genius grand, Thou, who now wouldst rise Go forth, and then the sacred fire And bring down inspiration; On wings of rich emprise, Of thy genius to the laurel may aspire; With thy mighty hand, Seeking from Olympian skies To spread around the fame, Swifter than the wind's violation, Songs of sweetest strain, And in victory acclaim, Raise the eager mind to higher station. Softer than ambrosial rain; Through wider spheres the human name. Come down with pleasing light Thou, whose voice divine Day, O happy day, Of art and science to the fight, Rivals Philomel's refrain Fair Filipinas, for thy land! O youth, and there untie And with varied line So bless the Power to-day The chains that heavy lie, Through the night benign That places in thy way Your spirit free to blight. Frees mortality from pain; This favor and this fortune grand! ADVERTISING ART It aims to affect the buying behavior of people. CULTURAL/HISTORICAL/RELIGOUS FUNCTIONS It commemorates important events that is part of traditions and practices.  Art Appreciation Manner of Presenting Art as a subject  Presenting an art subject requires some tools and authority Art critics may vary in their thoughts, ideas, and evaluation. There are common ways of presenting art as a subject: Realism, Abstraction, Surrealism, Fauvism, Dadaism, Expressionism, Futurism, and Symblism.  Realism What you see is what you get! -the exact replica -they draw images that are accurate and real that does not need interpretation. -For other forms of art, the scenes will depict the realities of life. -Realism becomes a “platform” for presenting actions and social conditions as what they actually are, these are without idealization or presentation in abstract form. Fruit Pickers Harvesting Under the Mango Tree (Fernando Amorsolo) Abstractionism Abstract art finds its meaning with the artist. -It is a manner or the process of simplifying and re-organizing objects and elements either with shapes or color. -It refers to visual artworks that move beyond reality as contrasted to realism. -It provides avenue wherein not only meanings are residing with them but the totality of the work is moving away from what they really are.  Cubism -Common characteristic of this art comprises the two dimensional surface, emphasizing the flat, and rejecting the traditional forms. -The artist projection of cubism illustrated fragmented objects. -They use cone, sphere, and cylinder as pictorial elements of their desired output. -There is an alteration of the shape, forms its orginal form like twisted or bent out of shape from regular condition. -Distorted paintings include a person’s body parts like nose, eyes, and face. Distortion In the process, the figures or subjects have been arranged in such a way the proportions differ from that of the natural measurements. It is achieved for spirituality, power, and authority.  Mangling -Introduced by Dadaist artist around 1918. -Literally not appealing to the audience. -Common characteristic are objects or persons who are severely injured, mutilated, slashed, or disfigured.  ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM Pollock led the revolutionized art. -The so-called Radical Abstract Styles. -Gestural abstraction It is known as color field or action painting because work of art becomes an “event” -Characteristics of messiness, exceptionally energetic application of paint. Which includes spontaneity, free, and personal emotional expression. Surrealism It is a way of representing the subject by combining realism and distortion. -It involves a lot of contradictions of situations of reality and that of absolute reality. -Super realism -The art movement start at 1900 -It was used to reunite the conscious and unconscious realms of experiences as the worlds of fantasy and dreams are merged to the rational living “Oh my God, it’s so surreal?” -There is employment of colors as mentioned in symbolism art. -Bright to express joy, happiness, and freedom -would not likely use dark colors. Largely influenced by Matisse. Fauvism -Fauvist identified themselves as “wild beast” -The presentation has become an antecedent to Expressionism and Cubism, as well as modes of Abstraction.  Dadaism -Started as protest against the arts Switzerland. -Dada means “hobby horse” which technically means non-sensical way of presenting art. -Dada works often show rejection of logic, zeroing on none-sense, intuition, and irrationality. -This has led artist to express more due to their anger as they perceived society’s senseless war and unjust condition. -They have intended their art to express offensive and provoke artistry and political elites.  Expressionism -In expressionism the brushwork is typically free and the applied paint has the tendency to be generous and textured highly. -The artist let the viewers to see the depiction of the subjects with swirling and swaying brushstrokes. -It seeks to picture subjective emotions and in effect, viewers often see the work as emotional and mystical.  Futurism -Characterized by technology, modernity, youth and speed are observed here. -Common objects includes airplane and urbanized city. -Dynamism -Adoption of technology SYMBOLISM Even the colors used in an artwork signify meaning and their utilization convey significance in an artists’ work. -White for purity -Red for violence -Black may mean something evil. Levels and Meaning of Subjects Factual meaning A subject that is represented and referred to its literal Subjective statement or narrative content. meaning When an artist provides personal meaning to it’s work. Conventional meaning The special meaning that a certain object has for a particular culture, society or group of people. Thank You!  Artist and the artisans Production, Process, Medium, Technique, and Curation  Artist Refers to the making of any artwork or products that came from one’s expression of creativity and imagination that is for pure aesthetic reason. It came from the french word “artise” that refers to creative professionals; ranging from painting, sculpture, music, and performing arts. artisans They produce crafts out of the imagination and creation of the artist. It came from the Italian word “Artigiano” that refers to a skilled craft worker who creates or makes things by hand either for function or even for aesthetic purposes. When it comes to production, technique, and medium, ARTIST are more free and able to explore and manipulate its mediums and applies freely the technique. Whereas, ARTISANS, commits its work with the aid and instruction from the artist, the techniques, and procedures. There is limitations to minimize errors. The mediums and techniques Painting Mediums Encaustic Acrylic Tempera Stained Glass Fresco Tapestry Watercolor Drawing Oil Velvet Painting Mosaic  What is a MEDIUM? What is a Technique? It refers to materials used in the It refers to the ability of the artist to make work of art. his medium works for him to produce effects for his artwork that he cannot For painting- Pigments possibly attain by any other means. For sculpture and architecture- Wood and stone In literature- words to express emotions For sound and dance- Medium In music- handle musical interpretation. This is what actually differentiate an artisan and an artist.  Painting Mediums It is the process of applying pigment on a smooth surface securing interesting arrangement of forms, lines, and colors. It is made of Pigments that supplies the colors. and requires the liquid to the pigments before applying it to the flat surface Encaustic -Oldest painting medium -made from bee’s wax and ressin  Tempera -One of the oldest painting medium -It is made of earth or mineral pigments mixed with egg yolks and white egg. Panel Painting or mixed Painting -is a method of painting where egg in tempera is used to build volume, then glazed with oil paints mixed with resin--- producing a jewel-like effect. fresco Earth pigments + Water on a plaster (Plaster is damp) Color sinks into the surface and becomes an integral part of the wall. For Asians, there’s this what we call “Fresco Secco) water color -Made out of pure pigment bound with gum Arabic. It is done in one sitting. Gouaches is material in the paint in which the pigment has been mixed with chalk like material--- making the paint opaque. Oil -Thick pigment that requires the application or turpentine or any solvent before application. -Slow to dry. -Can be changed (It can be worked over a long period of time. a 3 dimensional character, a technique used in oil, by impasto dabbing the lumps of thick paint on the canvas with a knife.  Acrylic a synthetic paint used as binder. The newest medium With quick drying characters of watercolors and oil. Does not crack, turn yellow or darken with age spray Paint an art form utilizing spray paint and performed in poster board or wood or even in food like cake. Traditionally called “graffiti”. Mosaic It is only related to painting because it create s pictures on flat surface. It’s a floor or wall decoration made of small cubes or irregularly cut pieces of colored stones or glass called “Tesserae. Purpose of which is to inspire and for religious purposes. stained glass An artwork that creates pictures on a flat surface with the use of glass into pieces. Commonly seen in gothic cathedrals It allows lights It depicts scenes from the bible. Tapestry An artwork that creates pictures on a flat surface with the use of glass into pieces. Commonly seen in gothic cathedrals It allows lights It depicts scenes from the bible. Tapestry These are fabrics into which colored designs have bee woven. It added colors to the drab interiors. It serves to retain in the room whatever heat was generated from the fireplace. It is added to the features of every home to provide privacy and illusion of space. drawing This is the most fundamental of all skills needed in arts. “Study” for the sake of learning or investigation. “Sketch” showing the general organization or design of a product being planned. “Cartoon” Pencil- is a medium made of lead of which it comes in different hardnness. Oldest materials that is still in used is “Ink”  Samples of INK Sepia A dark brown ink coming from the innk sac of the squid. Bistre A gray brown ink made from the soot produced by burning some woods. Chinise Ink Solid stick dissolved in water before used.  pastel and chalk -A drawing medium made of dry pigment held together with a gum binder and compressed into sticks. Charcoal -A drawing medium that comes from a burned twig or wood. Crayons -A drawing medium made of pigments bounded by wax and compressed into sticks Crayons -A drawing medium made of pigments bounded by wax and compressed into sticks Silver point -A pointed instrument or a silver wire drawn over a sheet of paper prepared beforehand with zinc white Velvet Painting The use of black or any color of velvet cloth in support for paper, silk or any materials as its canvas. The velvet provides dark backgrounds.  Painting Techniques To provide Illusion od depth, colors, and meaning to the work.  Wet-on-wet Layers of wet paint are applied to previous layers of wet paint.  Chiaroscuro Characterized by strong difference between light and dark. To achieve volume.  Sfumato To create a perception of depth. It means “smoky” It overlays translucent layers of colors or tones Goal= no perceptible transition Smooth  Repoussoir From the French verb which means “to push-back”. It puts a figure in or object in the extreme foreground. To increase illusion of depth and focus on the subject.  Print making It originated as early as 3500 BCE in Persia lithography Relief -a planographic that make use -involves cutting away from a block immiscibility of water and grease. of wood the portions of designs the artist does not want to show. Intaglio screen -Image or design is scratched or -also known as serigraphy engraved into a metal plate. creates a bold color using stencil technique.  Xylography The art of carving wood. Stencil printing The oldest form of graphic art.  Other printing process Engraving -incising lines into hard surface.  -referred to as dry painting. It is the art of pouring Sand Painting colored sands onto surface to make a painting.  drawing or writing with light. Photography -It is the actual likeness, the production of which is the artist’s creativity 3 Steps Choosing the subject Mechanical process Chemical process  -edition of images created with a computer using Digital Prints drawings, other prints, photographs, and so on.  from the french word “trick the eye” Tarpaulin It is a new unique art technique that is used and involved in creating extremely realistic imagery. It can be used as a theater backdrop. Giclee Process of fine art prints from adigital source using ink-jet printing Cyclorama Series of images that represents a continuous scene. Thank you!  Art Appreciation Art and Sculpture Mediums and Technique Cebu normal University Jelly Jane Jaspe Medium in Sculpture integrated with the sculpture It is used to create and decorate or embellish many architectural structure. Medium in Sculpture and Architecture. Press Freedom Monument, De Lara Park, CDO. Architecture An art of designing a building and supervising its construction. A shelter to serve as protection of all activities in men A creation for the fulfillment of man’s need.  Person’s Needs Intellectual needs Psychosocial needs Emotional needs Physical needs The Mediums Wood The softest and most available and used material. Easier to carve Treated to preserve it’s quality. Metal Characterized by capacity, ductility, conductivity and peculiar luster when freshly fractured. Cooper- Metal used as a casting medium. It is reddish in color, a good conductor of heat and electricity, and normally shaped by hammering. Bronze- most popular metals for sculpture because it possess atmospheric corrosion. Gold and Silver a casting material for small pieces only. Rare and very expensive material Historically, used as religious and personal adornments. Brass Has many practical uses It does not rust It takes high polish Lead Used for casting and forging It can be worked into a variety of unique and exciting forms. Aluminum The newest addition to the list of metal mediums. Indigenous Materials Materials found in the locality and are widely used for both sculpture and architecture purposes. Many of them are parts of plants, trees, and fruits SAWALI COCO COIRIS BAGASSE ABACA BAMBOO PALM FRONDS STEM MUD BRICKS CONCRETE MATERIALS Indigenous Materials Coco Coir Bagasse product material of a a sugar cane waste used coconut used as for cement backing. sandwich panels’ insulation. Sawali materials that refers to the outer covering of bamboo poles as a woven material for cement. Abaca Bamboo a fiber material obtained used for building nipa huts as walls or from the leafstalk of a foundation. The use of it can lead to banana plant. substantial savings since it can be found in the environment. Indigenous Materials Concrete Mud Bricks a more dominant and a very popular materials that have beneficial effect in hot, building material used at present for building dry climates. structures and houses. Palm Fronds Stem used for non-structural panela, certain walls, screen and base of the house. Stones hard and brittle substance formed from mineral and earth material. Stones Basalt Marble hard and black in its color. Mostly used in spas and a limestone in a more or less massage healing centers. crystalline state. Brecciated- composed of angular fragments used for flooring Serpentine- variegated or perfect angle often used in Granite planes. granular igneous rock composed of feldspars and quarts. Limestone and Sandstone. Fine, soft, even texture, and ideal for sculpture. Stones Jade Ivory Fine and colorful stone, It comes from a the main usually green and widely parts of tusk of elephants. The used in China. white substances are used to make carvings, piano keys, and billiard balls. Ceramic Materials Manufactured in many ways with the use of clay. Ceramics Clay Terra Cotta Porcelain a natural earthy material known as “Baked Earth”. used for brick-a-back, that has the nature of It is easily broken. plasticity when wet. figurine, and dentures.  Glass Plaster Plastic Used extensively for making manikins, A material transformed by chemical process. It is molds, architectural decorations and other lightweight, easy to handle and remarkably indoor sculpture. scratch and strain resistant. It is a hard brittle used as covering and panelling. It is used to make beautiful yet fragile figurines. Thank You!