Introduction to Urban Design ARCH 493 PDF

AR. JOVEN CHRISTOPHER VERO INTRODUCTION TO URBAN DESIGN ARCH 493 WHAT IS URBAN DESIGN? ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE WHAT IS URBAN DESIGN? Deals with the plan of the city, the various components parts of urban space, and their function...

AR. JOVEN CHRISTOPHER VERO INTRODUCTION TO URBAN DESIGN ARCH 493 WHAT IS URBAN DESIGN? ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE WHAT IS URBAN DESIGN? Deals with the plan of the city, the various components parts of urban space, and their functional and aesthetic aspects. The art of city building Concerned with the methods used to organize and structure the urban realm. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE WHAT IS URBAN DESIGN? URBAN DESIGN Urban design is the process that involves creating buildings, groups of buildings, spaces, and landscapes. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE WHAT IS URBAN DESIGN? IT’S NOT JUST ABOUT DESIGN - BUT ALSO DESIGNING FRAMEWORK ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE WHAT IS URBAN DESIGN? URBAN DESIGN Town and city planning, street design, and public space design are all parts of urban design. I n e s s e n c e , i t ’s a b o u t composing the physical setting for life by bringing together multiple disciplines – the art of making places. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE  DESIGN SPACES AND FRAMEWORKS URBAN DESIGN VS URBAN PLANNING DEALS WITH BROADER, STRATEGIC PLANNING AND POLICY MAKING PROCESS THAT GUIDE THE OVERALL DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN AREAS ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE URBAN DESIGN STAKEHOLDERS It involves both PUBLIC urban space and parts of the PRIVATE domain, and concerns the urban environment at a range of scales from the Good urban design is collaborative in nature, integrating various perspectives and concerns. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE URBAN DESIGN STAKEHOLDERS Good urban design is collaborative in nature, integrating various perspectives and concerns. PROJECT DRIVEN APPROACH NEGATIVE OUTCOMES DEFINE PROBLEM/SOLUTION NARROW GOALS IDENTIFY CONSTRAINTS CRISIS DRIVEN, POLITICALLY INITIATED DESIGN TO AVOID CONSTRAINTS ANGRY/REACTIVE COMMUNITY MEETINGS EVALUATE DAMAGES OF CONSTRAINTS PUBLIC INPUT EXPENSIVE MITIGATE DAMAGES OF CONSTRAINTS STATIC & PLACELESS DESIGNS GET ENVIRONMENTAL APPROVALS PUBLIC INPUT DESIGN BUILD ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE URBAN DESIGN STAKEHOLDERS Good urban design is collaborative in nature, integrating various perspectives and concerns. PLACEMAKING APPROACH POSITIVE OUTCOMES DEFINE PLACE & IDENTIFY STAKEHOLDERS EMPOWER COMMUNITIES EVALUATE SPACE & IDENTIFY ISSUES ATTRACTS PARTNERS PLACE VISION SOLUTIONS ARE FLEXIBLE SHORT-TERM EXPERIMENTS SELF-MANAGING ON-GOING RE-EVALUATION & LONG-TERM IMPROVEMENTS ENGAGEMENT & COMMITMENT GROW ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE  IMPORTANCE OF URBAN DESIGN The eld of urban design is important because it strengthens in the planning and development of livable and workable surroundings. Urban design can signi cantly in uence the economic, environment, social and cultural outcomes of a place: 1. Urban design can in uence the economic success and socio-economic composition of a locality—whether it encourages local businesses and entrepreneurship; whether it attracts people to live there; whether the costs of housing and travel are a ordable; and whether access to job opportunities, facilities and services are equitable. 2. Urban design determines the physical scale, space and ambience of a place and establishes the built and natural forms within which individual buildings and infrastructure are sited. As such, it a ects the balance between natural ecosystems and built environments, and their sustainability outcomes. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fi ff ff fl fi fl  IMPORTANCE OF URBAN DESIGN The eld of urban design is important because it strengthens in the planning and development of livable and workable surroundings. Urban design can signi cantly in uence the economic, environment, social and cultural outcomes of a place: 3. Urban design can in uence health and the social and cultural impacts of a locality: how people interact with each other, how they move around, and how they use a place. 4. Although urban design is often delivered as a speci c ‘Project’, it is in fact a long-term process that continues to evolve over time. It is this layering of building and infrastructure types, natural ecosystems, communities and culture that gives places their unique characteristics and identities. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fi fl fi fl fi EXAMPLES OF SUCCESSFUL URBAN DESIGNS OLD NEW Cheonggyecheon, Seoul, South Korea 5.8KM Right-of-way : 50 Meter By Seoul Metropolitan Government The Seoul Metropolitan Government decided to dismantle the 10-lane roadway and the 4-lane elevated highway that carried over 170,000 vehicles daily along the Cheonggyecheon stream. The transformed street encourages transit use over private car use, and more environmentally sustainable, pedestrian oriented public space. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE EXAMPLES OF SUCCESSFUL URBAN DESIGNS Cheonggyecheon, Seoul, South Korea Project Goals Improve Air Quality, Water Quality and Quality of Life. Reconnect the two parts of the city that were previously divided by road infrastructure. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE RESULTS Cheonggyecheon, Seoul, South Korea ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE LESSONS LEARNED Cheonggyecheon, Seoul, South Korea Innovative governance and interagency coordination were critical to the process Public engagement with residents, local merchants, and entrepreneurs, was important to streamlining the process. Reducing travel-lane capacity resulted in a decrease in vehicle traf c. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fi Plate 1.0 EXAMPLE OF GOOD URBAN DESIGN Research and identify exemplary 1 urban design projects from around the world. For each project, provide a detailed analysis that includes: 1. Problem Identi cation: Describe the speci c urban challenges or issues the project aimed to address. 2. Solutions Implemented: Explain the strategies, design interventions, or innovative approaches used to solve these problems. 3. Outcomes and Success: Evaluate the results of the project. How successful was it in achieving its goals? What impact did it have on the urban environment and its inhabitants? Additionally, include visual aids such as sketches, diagrams, and photographs to e ectively illustrate the key aspects of the chosen projects. These visuals should help to clearly convey the design concepts, processes, and outcomes of each project. A4 PAPER SIZE Deadline: NEXT MEETING ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fi fi ff SOURCES: https://udcsa.gsd.harvard.edu/projects/9 https://una.city/nbs/seoul/cheonggyecheon-stream-restoration-project https://urbandesignlab.in/what-is-urban-design/ https://urbandesigninstitute.co.za/urban-design/ ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE AR. JOVEN CHRISTOPHER VERO ELEMENTS OF A CITY ARCH 493 KEVIN LYNCH - THE IMAGE OF THE CITY (1960) Lynch’s work has had a profound impact on how designers perceive the city and urban form. He believed that people understood and mentally processed the form of cities through recognition of key physical elements. Introduced the concept of MENTAL MAP A MENTAL MAP is a PERSON’S POINT-OF-VIEW perception of their area of interaction The image which the user form in his mind about the architectural and urban components of the city and their places so he can direct his motion through the city after that. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE KEVIN LYNCH - THE IMAGE OF THE CITY (1960) MENTAL MAP A MENTAL MAP is a PERSON’S POINT-OF-VIEW perception of their area of interaction The image which the user form in his mind about the architectural and urban components of the city and their places so he can direct his motion through the city after that. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE KEVIN LYNCH - THE IMAGE OF THE CITY (1960) The overall mental image of an urban environment will be: 1. Partial : not covering the whole city. 2. Simpli ed : omitting a great deal of information 3. Unique : each individual has his/her own 4. Distorted : not necessary has a real distance or direction. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fi KEVIN LYNCH - THE IMAGE OF THE CITY (1960) Through his idea of the MENTAL IMAGE, or how a place is perceived, experienced, and remembered. Lynch argued that people form mental images of cities based on ve key elements: Paths Edges Districts Nodes Landmarks ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fi ELEMENTS OF A CITY 1. PATH These are the routes through which people move, such as streets, walkways, and transit lines. Paths are often the most dominant element in people’s mental maps, as they serve as the primary means of navigating the city. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ELEMENTS OF A CITY 2. EDGES These are the boundaries or barriers that de ne and separate di erent areas, such as rivers, walls, or major roads. Edges can serve as both physical and psychological limits within the city, helping to organize space. They can either be real or perceived. They are linear elements that form boundaries between areas or linear breaks in continuity ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ff fi 5 ELEMENTS OF A CITY EDGES ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE WHAT IS DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PATHS AND EDGES? ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE WHAT IS DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PATHS AND EDGES? PATHS EDGES - Direct motion to speci c direction - Prevent motion in speci c direction ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fi fi ELEMENTS OF A CITY 3. DISTRICTS These are larger areas within the city that have a distinct character or identity, such as neighborhoods, business, or cultural zones. Districts are typically recognizable as distinct section that people can mentally enter and exit. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE What are examples of District in Cebu? ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE What are examples of District in Cebu? CEBU IT PARK ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE What are examples of District in Cebu? CEBU BUSINESS PARK ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE Future New District of Cebu??? ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ELEMENTS OF A CITY Districts may have clear edges, or soft uncertain ones gradually fading away into surrounding areas. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ELEMENTS OF A CITY 4. NODES These are strategic points or focal areas within the city, such as major intersections, public squares, or transportation hubs. Nodes often serve as gathering places or points of convergency, making them important reference points in the urban landscape. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ELEMENTS OF A CITY 5. LANDMARKS These are prominent physical objects or structures that stand out from their surroundings, such as buildings, statues, or natural features. Landmarks are easily recognizable and often used as reference points in navigation. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE  ELEMENTS OF A CITY 5. LANDMARKS In the Philippines setting, It can be stores, signages, or un nished road construction. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fi BOTH NODES AND LANDMARKS CAN SERVED AS POINT OF REFERENCE NODES LANDMARKS Users interact with it physically. Users does not necessarily interact with the space or It serves as a physical marker within a space. structure itself. It rather serves as a visual marker. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ELEMENTS OF A CITY ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE AR. JOVEN CHRISTOPHER VERO PRINCIPLES OF URBAN DESIGN ARCH 493 Much like in Architecture ELEMENTS OF DESIGN POINT > LINE > PLANE > VOLUME PRINCIPLES OF COMPOSITION BALANCE, CONTRAST, EMPHASIS, MOVEMENT, PATTERN, RHYTHM, UNITY ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE PRINCIPLES OF URBAN DESIGN Urban design, the art of creating spaces for people, is guided by key principles that help us appreciate and evaluate designs. Understanding the di erent layers of urban contexts and how they connect is crucial. This includes recognizing the various dimensions of a city and the networks that support it. By mastering these concepts, we can develop a new vocabulary in urban design that allows us to: Actively participate in discussions and debates Grasp the basic principles for analyzing urban spaces ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ff  SCALES Each principles should be considered across these scales. It is by considering these three scales together that allows urban design to cross-cut the other disciplines and ensure a genuinely contextual approach to both understanding, and a later designing space. CITY Cities are complex and in a continual state of a rapid change, they are di cult to understand. “City forms , their actual function, and the ideas and values that people attach to them make up a single phenomenon.” - Kevin Lynch NEIGHBOURHOOD People can have a strong sense of place attached to their local neighborhoods, and may also form equally strong perceptions of other neighborhoods within cities. SITE “Human Scale” It is the strongest social unit of the city ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ffi THREE COMMON THEMES We have to grouped the principles of Urban Design into Three themes: ARRANGEMENT NETWORKS FEATURES ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ARRANGEMENT Arrangement is how the land is divided up to provide shift from nature to urban. The arrangement of city often develops over long periods of time. Some of the key arrangements that de ne the city can be found in: 1. Arrangement of Land Uses 2. Arrangement of Landscapes 3. Urban Form 4. Density ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fi ARRANGEMENT Cebu may have look like this A map in 1699 shows the development of Cebu before the Spaniards arrived. after the Spaniards arrived. Fort San Pedro was constructed and streets were laid out in a grid pattern following the rule of Indies. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE What is the Rule of Indies? The Laws of the Indies were a set of regulations issued by the Spanish Crown in the 16th century to govern its colonies in the Americas and the Philippines. In terms of urban planning, they provided detailed guidelines for the layout and design of colonial towns. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE What is the Rule of Indies? In terms of urban planning, they provided detailed guidelines for the layout and design of colonial towns. 1. Grid Pattern Layout Towns were to be laid out in a grid pattern, with streets intersecting at right angles. This design was intended to create an organized, easily navigable city structure. 2. Central Plaza The town was centered around a main square, or plaza mayor, which was to be the focal point of civic, religious, and social life. Important buildings like the church, town hall, and governor’s residence were located around this plaza. 3. Zoning The laws speci ed di erent zones within the town for various activities, such as residential areas, marketplaces, and spaces for public gatherings. 4. Defensive Considerations The guidelines also took into account the need for defense, with provisions for forti cations and strategic positioning of towns in relation to local geography. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fi ff fi ARRANGEMENT An 1830 map shows the Chinese community in In an 1873 map, the Filipino community in San Parian being more organized but not so for the Nicholas became more organized. The Chinese Filipino community in San Nicholas. What is district of Parian and the Spanish district also interesting, though is the presence of Colon expanded. Street just outside the river that separates the "Spanish District". Since Filipinos are not allowed in this district, they take the Colon Street to trade with the Chinese merchants. This map also shows that the old streets near the fort were removed to give more space for the fort, possible for more protection. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ARRANGEMENT This map based on a 1914 map shows Cebu Cebu has now expanded in this 1944 map. after the American occupation. Cebu has American planners Daniel Burnham and William expanded inland. The Abellana sports compound Parsons made a plan for the city based on the was constructed then, along the road leading to city garden movement, the plan is the Fuente Osmena that marks the waterworks superimposed here as yellow roads. The present capitol building was constructed by then system of the city. A railway system was laid out connecting the northern and southern areas to the main city, speci cally to the port area where the Carbon market was established. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fi ARRANGEMENT Probably in the 60’s. the map shows the railway Modern Day Cebu system removed with some of the tracks converted into roads. More roads were constructed not following the Burnham plan. Perhaps the Burnham plan was not possible to implement because of a failure in making accurate surveys. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE NETWORKS Networks are key to how e ciently and e ectively the city operates in practice. Better places allow people to engage with community and access as much of the city as they require. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ffi ff NETWORKS Poor connections can shrink the city for citizens and often will impact negatively on the poorest society. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE URBAN MOBILITY Cities around the world has become more car dependent with the obvious knock-on impacts of poor air quality, pollution, and congestion. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE URBAN MOBILITY As cities grow and expand it is critical that they ensure mobility choice is wide ranging to avoid excluding those without access to a car. MODE OF TRANSPORTATION AVAILABLE TO PUBLIC ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE URBAN MOBILITY MODE OF TRANSPORTATION AVAILABLE TO PUBLIC ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE FEATURES Arrangement and Networks deal with the physical decision that shape the city, these features deal more with how each should consider the “feeling” that will be elicited in people and why certain places appear to work or be enjoyed more than others. Relates to how speci c places look and feel - the features that underpin quality urban design. It is in the combination of well considered arrangements, diverse networks, and the successful delivery of these features that sustainable urban design is achieved, creating places that are inclusive, equitable, resilient, and healthy. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fi 10 FEATURES Based from various research, there are 10 features that a place must have 1. Places for people 2. Character 3. Mixed Use 4. Continuity and enclosure 5. Quality of Public Realm 6. Legibility and Transparency 7. Adaptability 8. Diversity / Complexity 9. Nature and Landscape 10.Human - Scaled ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 1.PLACES FOR PEOPLE The Heart of quality urban design is to approach all design decisions with people central. The goal is to shift the focus in road design, viewing and creating streets as vibrant public spaces for everyone, where the individual, rather than the car, takes precedence. Typ. Streets in Cebu Typ. Streets in The Netherlands ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE PLACES FOR PEOPLE Places should aspire to be socially just and equitable, inclusive and for the bene t of all citizens. They should be playful and encourage activity and relationships. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fi 2.CHARACTER Refer to many elements of design but can best be described as a place with its own identity. Character of place should re ect its community and its history, providing richness and even beauty. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fl  MIXED USE Mixing compatible developments that work in harmony to create viable places that aim to provide what people want and need. Mixed densities and typologies can also stimulate interest and di erentiate spaces. By providing mixtures, cities develop neighborhoods that allow residents to work, live, and play all within the same place and can foster a sense of identity and community. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ff MIXED USE What is your typical day? ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE MIXED USE ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE MIXED USE ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE CONTINUITY AND ENCLOSURE Design naturally creates separations between types of environments, such as outdoor and indoor and public and private. For the built environment to be intuitive to users, private and public should be clearly distinguished. To achieve this aim open spaces should be well de ned, with animated edges and a sense of enclosure to create de nition, created through continuity of building lines, frontages, and considered, consistent setbacks. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fi fi QUALITY OF PUBLIC REALM Attractive, visible and well-used public spaces are the hallmark of a successful cities. They public realm is not only about spaces, but the routes that connect them. The best public realm is safe, legible, and well designed for all including children, older adults, and the disabled. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE LEGIBILITY AND TRANSPARENCY The creation of places that are easy to understand for all in society, both in terms of moving around the city, but also in appreciating the image of the places making up the city. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE LEGIBILITY AND TRANSPARENCY Kevin Lynch pioneered some of the thinking around how to produce more legible environments through recognizable paths, strategically nodes, and well-considered landmarks to assist people. These layers of the city should be easy for users to both recognize and interpret, making place transparent and ensuring that people feel at ease and can avoid confusion or anxiety as they move around. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE Adaptability Cities are complex and constantly evolving entities, they therefore need to be exible in their ability to respond new social, market or environmental demand, such as climate change change. If places are able to adapt and respond to potential opportunities and meed individual needs, there is a better chance these will enjoy longitivity and make people’s lives easier both now and in the future. Map of The Netherlands ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fl Adaptability ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE Adaptability Benthemplien Rotterdam, The Netherlands The water square Benthemplein holds a twofold strategy: It is public space and storm water storage combined in one space. The square is part of a strategy to increase climate resilience by adaptive measures. A new way of creating extra funding for high-quality public space is applied here: This square has been largely nanced by water management departments and innovation subsidies. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fi Adaptability ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE Adaptability ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE Adaptability Flood is retain and released overtime. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE  Adaptability As designers and future architects, What potential design evolutions could we explore for the current landscape of Cebu? ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE  DIVERSITY / COMPLEXITY People are not homogeneous, the variety of individuals and their taste is wide and as such, our urban and built environments should re ect that diversity. To do this there must be a range of architecture, a variety of landscape and well-considered complexity that strikes a balance between the mundane and the confusing. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fl  DIVERSITY / COMPLEXITY The new Vienna University of Economics and Business, provides a range of architectural styles within a clearly structured masterplan, A series of public spaces designed to encouraged di erent activities And multiple transport options to provide a range of arrival choices The campus aims to meet the needs not only of the diverse student and academic body, but also the local residential communities and o ce workers in surrounding areas. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ffi ff DIVERSITY / COMPLEXITY ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE DIVERSITY / COMPLEXITY ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE DIVERSITY / COMPLEXITY ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE DIVERSITY / COMPLEXITY ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE Nature and Landscape Conceptual space should be given to landscape, to allow future thinking on how to provide valuable urban design at the intersection of ecology and design. People have an a nity with nature and research consistently shows how quality, integrated green infrastructure can impact positively on quality of life, both physically and mentally. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ffi Nature and Landscape WHO recommends a minimum of 9 sq.m. of Open space per Person WHO recommends universal access to green space: there should be a green space measuring atleast 0.5 hectares at a linear distance of no more than 300 meters from every homes ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE Nature and Landscape WHO recommends a minimum of 9 sq.m. of Open space per Person According to Green City Index, Metro Manila currently has 5 sq.m. of Open space per Person To reach WHO standard, Metro Manila will have to add 52 sq. Km. Of green open space, roughly the size of Manila and Makati Combine. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE Nature and Landscape Source: New Yorkers for Parks. (2010). The Open Space Index. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE HUMAN SCALED Holding together all the above features, and indeed the entire eld of urban design practice, is the core principle that all design should be human-scaled. designed with Cities are ultimately for people and should be people remaining central to all aspects. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fi Is Cebu designed for Human? ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE HUMAN SCALED Cities must structure activities to promote positive lifestyles, health, social relationships while meeting the needs of modern daily life. The arrangements and networks must be designed to maximize the human perspective. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE Plate 3 Max. Number of Members per Group: 5 Student Instructions: Campus Exploration Explore the University of Cebu Institute of Technology (CIT-U) campus to observe existing spaces, identify areas where urban design principles are lacking, and propose improvements through sketching. 1.Campus Walkthrough: - Tale a walk around the campus, paying close attention to different spaces such as frontage, hallways, playground, study area, Canteen, common areas and etc. - Do quick live sketches of at least 2 spaces, capturing the key features and layout. - As you observe, focus on identifying which of the following 10 Features are missing or not effectively implemented in these space. - For each space, Choose at least 5 principles and determined where they fall short. 2.Observation and Analysis: - For each identi ed space, analyze why the space fails to meet the selected principles. - Consider what aspects of the space are lacking or could be improved? - How does the current design impact usability aesthetics, or overall experience of the space. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fi  Plate 3 Max. Number of Members per Group: 5 Student Instructions: Campus Exploration Explore the University of Cebu Institute of Technology (CIT-U) campus to observe existing spaces, identify areas where urban design principles are lacking, and propose improvements through sketching. 3. Sketch Proposals for Improvement. - Create a set of sketches for each of the two spaces. - Show of the sketch of the existing conditions and another sketch with your proposal. I will give you the freedom on how you want to layout your sketch. - Brie y explain how your proposal improved the existing space. 4. Presentation - Prepare to present your sketches to the class. In your presentation, explain: - Which features were lacking in each space. - Your analysis of why these features were not effectively implemented. - How your proposal redesigns addresses these shortcomings and enhances the spaces using urban design features. - Be ready to receive and provide constructive feedbacks during the presentation session. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fl AR. JOVEN CHRISTOPHER VERO ELEMENTS OF URBAN DESIGN ARCH 493 Much like in Architecture ELEMENTS OF DESIGN POINT > LINE > PLANE > VOLUME ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ELEMENTS OF URBAN DESIGN ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ELEMENTS OF URBAN DESIGN BUILDINGS PUBLIC SPACES STREETS TRANSPORT LANDSCAPE ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 1. BUILDINGS Most pronounce elements of urban design. They shape and articulate space by forming the street walls of the city. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 1. BUILDINGS RESIDENTIAL COMMERCIAL INDUSTRIAL ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE INSTITUTIONAL CULTURAL 1. BUILDINGS Well designed buildings can help build a sense of place. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE  2. PUBLIC SPACE WHAT IS PUBLIC SPACE? All places public owned or of public use, accessible and enjoyable by all for free and without motive. This de nition favours public ownership because such ownership guarantees more stable access and enjoyment over time. The charter further distinguishes between four typologies of public spaces: a. Street b. Open Public Space c. Public Facilities d. Markets ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fi 2. PUBLIC SPACE a. Street They are public spaces by virtue of their being publicly-owned and maintained, accessible and enjoyable by all, mostly without charge and at all hours. Due to the versatility of street, it deserves its own category in the elements of urban design. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 2. PUBLIC SPACE b. Public Open Space Refer to undeveloped land or land with no buildings (or other built structures) that is accessible to the public, and that provides recreational areas for residents and helps to enhance the beauty and environmental quality of neighborhoods. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 2. PUBLIC SPACE b. Public Open Space They are public spaces by virtue of their being publicly-owned and maintained, accessible and enjoyable by all, mostly without charge and at all hours. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 2. PUBLIC SPACE b. Public Open Space Category of Public Open Space based on size and coverage area. 1. Local/Pocket Open Public Space These are small parklets that service the recreation needs of the immediate residential population within a walking distance or 400meters (5 minutes walk). Their average areas range from 0.03 to 0.04hectares and are often used for recreation purposes. In some places, these may include small areas of nature space. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 2. PUBLIC SPACE b. Public Open Space Category of Public Open Space based on size and coverage area. 2. Neighbourhood Public Open Space These are larger spaces which serve the recreational and social needs of a community. Their areas range from 0.04 and 0.4hectares, and can easily be accessed within 400meters walking distances from households. They can accommodate a variety of activities, such as recreation, sporting, and natural features conservation. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 2. PUBLIC SPACE b. Public Open Space Category of Public Open Space based on size and coverage area. 3. District/city open spaces or city open spaces These spaces are mainly designed to provide for organized formal sport. They include substantial recreation areas and some nature spaces. They serve several neighbourhoods with players and visitors traveling from surrounding districts. The size of the spaces range from 0.4 to 10 hectares, and are designed to serve populations within 800 meters or 10 minute walking distance ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 2. PUBLIC SPACE b. Public Open Space Category of Public Open Space based on size and coverage area. 4. Regional open space/Larger city parks These are substantial facilities for organised sport, play, social interaction, relaxation and enjoyment of nature. They serve one or more geographical or social regions and are likely to attract visitors from outside any one local government area. Their areas range between 10 and 50 hectares. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 2. PUBLIC SPACE b. Public Open Space Category of Public Open Space based on size and coverage area. 5. National/metropolitan open public spaces These are large spaces whose areas range from 50 and 200 hectares. They support concurrent uses, and contain such services as recreational, sporting, and basic amenities. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 2. PUBLIC SPACE c. Public Facilities comprise high maintenance amenities/places that are publicly owned and maintained and are accessible to users without any charge, such as public libraries, civic/community centres, municipal markets and public sports facilities. In many cases, these facilities are only accessible during daylight hours or operating hours. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 2. PUBLIC SPACE c. Public Facilities In many cases, these facilities are only accessible during daylight hours or operating hours. Studies conducted in four countries by the Global Public Space Programme at UNHabitat have established that, while the management of public facilities could be complex in terms of free access (as some services attract a charge), the non- built up parts of the facilities are an important open space that is freely available to citizens, and that it should be included as part of a city’s public open space ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 2. PUBLIC SPACE c. Public Facilities GEMEENTEHUIS / TOWNHALL AND MUNICIPAL ADMINISTRATION BUILDING ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 2. PUBLIC SPACE c. Public Facilities TOWNHALL, SYDNEY ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 2. PUBLIC SPACE c. Public Facilities TOWNHALL, SYDNEY ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 2. PUBLIC SPACE c. Public Facilities MANDAUE CITY HALL ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE  2. PUBLIC SPACE d. Public Commercial Space are areas which host markets and accessible commercial activities in xed premises, public venues and other services (collective and not, public and private), in which the socioeconomic dimension of the city is always expressed. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fi 3. STREETS Streets comprise the greatest portion of a city’s public open space and dominate the scene of the traveling public and pedestrian. They are the connections between spaces, as well as being space themselves. Therefore design and placement of all the elements contained in the public right-of-way - from a building face on one side of the street to a building face on the other - should be carefully considered and executed. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 3. STREETS Too often, streets are cluttered with wires, poles, tra c signals, signage and advertisements, all carelessly placed, creating visual chaos. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ffi 4. TRANSPORT Transport systems connect the parts of cities and help shape them and enable movement throughout the city. They include road, rail, bicycle, and pedestrian networks, and together form the total movement system of a city. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 4. TRANSPORT The way these di erent transport systems are balanced plays a crucial role in shaping the character and quality of cities, determining whether they are pedestrian-friendly or not. The most successful cities prioritize the pedestrian experience while reducing the prominence of private cars. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ff 4. TRANSPORT ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 4. TRANSPORT ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 5. LANDSCAPE The landscape is the green part of the city that weaves throughout - in the form of urban parks, street trees, plants, owers, and water in many forms. The landscape helps de ne the character and beauty of a city and creates soft, contrasting spaces and elements. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fi fl Plate 4 ELEMENTS OF URBAN DESIGN 1. Find a spot as your point of reference in Cebu City. From that point of reference project a 400meter radius. Printout the base plan in A3 Paper. You can try using Openstreetmap for the map generation. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE Plate 4 ELEMENTS OF URBAN DESIGN 2. Identify the 5 elements of Urban Design. Use a tracing paper or parchment paper and overlay it in your base map. Use color coding for each of the elements. Buildings > Blue Public Spaces > Yellow Streets > Red Transport > Violet Landscape > Green ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE Plate 4 ELEMENTS OF URBAN DESIGN 3. For Buildings: Identify the types of occupancy and assign a corresponding color. Use varying shades of blue to represent different zoning areas. Add labels for clarity. 4. For Public Spaces: Determine the types of public spaces present. Use different shades of yellow to distinguish between them. 5. For Transport: Identify the existing transport routes on your map. Trace each route using different shades of violet to differentiate between them. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE AR. JOVEN CHRISTOPHER VERO STREETS ARCH 493 DEFINITION These are the connections between spaces and places, as well as being spaces themselves They are de ned by their physical dimension and character as well as the size, scale, and character of the building that line them. The pattern of street network is part of what de nes a city and what makes each city unique. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fi fi DEFINITION Streets are the backbone of our communities and the cornerstone of urban economies. They account for over 80% of public space in cities and have the capacity to stimulate business, act as an extension of residents’ living spaces, and offer a safe environment for people to travel, whether by walking, biking, driving, or using public transit. A vibrant urban life requires a design approach that recognizes the diverse functions streets ful ll within our cities. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fi ANATOMY OF A STREET As per NBC PD1096 ROAD RIGHT-OF-WAY ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE TYPES OF STREETS BOULEVARD PATHWALK AVENUES ESPLANADE MAJOR STREET MINOR STREET COLLECTOR ROAD MOTOR COURT ALLEY ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 1. ESPLANADE A long, open, level area, usually next to a river or a large body of water, where people walk. EASEMENTS Easement is a public land Part of the public domain that should be equally enjoyed by all members of the community. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE EASEMENTS The easement is not to be used for any form of building/structure that may go against its public recreational character and as such, the following uses and other similar thereto are absolutely prohibited: A. Residential B. Long-term or overnight vehicle parking unless duly designed as day/night pay- parking zones C. As a depository of stalled, wrecked or abandoned vehicles, mechanical devices and the like D. The conduct of specific commercial, institutional and /or industrial activities not compatible with its stated character E. Unauthorized recreational or entertainment usage and the like which will only benefit certain entities and which will ultimately result in inconvenience / nusiance / safety problems to the general public F. Any other form of private use, gain, employment or profit at the expense of the motoring or walking public. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE EASEMENTS The easement is not to be used for any form of building/structure that may go against its public recreational character and as such, the following uses and other similar thereto are absolutely prohibited: RESIDENTIAL ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE EASEMENTS The easement is not to be used for any form of building/structure that may go against its public recreational character and as such, the following uses and other similar thereto are absolutely prohibited: Any other form of private use, gain, employment or profit at the expense of the motoring or walking public. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 2. BOULEVARD A long street typically one lined with streets. Boulevards separate very large street into parallel urban realms, bu ering the commercial or residential street edge from the high speed throughway by means of multi-way operations and frontage roads. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ff 2. BOULEVARD Boulevards are designed to be scenic and provide a pleasant experience for both drivers and pedestrians, often connecting major landmarks or urban areas. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 2. BOULEVARD ROXAS BOULEVARD A popular waterfront promenade in Metro Manila in the Philippines. The boulevard, which runs along the shores of Manila Bay, is well known for its sunsets and stretch of coconut trees. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 2. BOULEVARD Osmeña Boulevard is a major arterial thoroughfare in Cebu City, Philippines. It is the city's "main street" which travels in a generally northwest–southeast orientation linking the old downtown district of San Roque near the harbor with the modern uptown Capitol Site district. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 3. AVENUES A wide road with trees or tall buildings on both sides, or a wide country path or road with trees on both sides. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 3. AVENUES Avenues are designed for e cient tra c ow and connectivity, often linking di erent parts of a city or serving as the main street of a district. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ff ffi ffi fl 3. AVENUES GEN. MAXILOM AVENUE. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 4. MAJOR STREET A road that is commonly used and that goes through the main part of a city, town ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 5. MINOR ROAD Minor road means a non-arterial state road, municipal road or other public road that performs a minor tra c function, having regard to the volume and nature of road use. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ffi 6. COLLECTOR ROAD Is a low-to-moderate capacity road which serves to move tra c from local streets to arterial roads. Collector roads play an important role in urban planning by facilitating smooth transitions between local and larger roads. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ffi 6. COLLECTOR ROAD Is a low-to-moderate capacity road which serves to move tra c from local streets to arterial roads. Collector roads play an important role in urban planning by facilitating smooth transitions between local and larger roads. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ffi 7. MOTOR COURT Is a designated area, often adjacent to a building or residence, designed for the parking and maneuvering of vehicles. It typically serves as a small driveway or parking court for multiple cars, allowing for easy access and circulation. They are usually found in larger residential estates, hotels, and commercial developments, providing an aesthetic and functional space for vehicles without the need for large parking lots. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 8. ALLEY Is a narrow, typically secondary passageway that runs between or behind buildings, often used for service access rather than as a primary street. Alleys are often less formal than main streets, lacking sidewalks or the extensive infrastructure of larger roads, but they play a functional role in urban circulation and service management. Width of 2.0 Meters Intended to break blocks ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE 9. PATHWALK A narrow, pedestrian - only walkway, often found in parks, gardens, residential areas, or natural settings. Unlike roads, which are designed for vehicles, path walks are designed speci cally for foot tra c, and their primary purpose is to provide safe, convenient, and scenic route for people to walk or sometimes cycle. As per BP220 Width of 3.0 Meters (minimum) Can be used as access for property Maximum Length 60 Meters. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fi ffi Plate 5 IDENTIFICATION OF STREET TYPES 1.Overlay the Map: Place a sheet of tracing or parchment paper over your map, ensuring it is securely aligned. 2.Identify Street Types: Carefully examine the map and identify the various street types (e.g., Major, collector, local streets, alleys). Take note of their patterns and layout. 3.Apply Color Coding: Use a distinct color for each street type to clearly differentiate them on the map. For example: Major Road: Red Minor Road: Green Collector roads: Blue Boulevard: Violet Avenue: Pink Alleys: Yellow *You may opt to use your own color coding but make sure to add a Legend. 4.Label and Analyze: Add labels or notes to explain the street types and their roles in the overall transportation network. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE STREET DESIGN PRINCIPLE ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE STREET DESIGN PRINCIPLE 1. STREET AS PUBLIC SPACES 2. GREAT STREETS ARE FOR GREAT BUSINESS 3. STREETS CAN BE CHANGED 4. DESIGN FOR SAFETY 5. STREETS ARE ECOSYSTEM ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE STREET DESIGN PRINCIPLE ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE STREET DESIGN PRINCIPLE ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE STREET DESIGN PRINCIPLE The following objectives have been identi ed in the Terms of Reference: 1. To determine the probable economic impact of pedestrianization on stakeholders based on identi ed parameters; and 2. To recommend policies, program or project to enhance pedestrianization within the study area. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fi fi STREET DESIGN PRINCIPLE ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE STREET DESIGN PRINCIPLE Potential Impacts to Pedestrianization Projects PEDESTRIANIZATION ENCOURAGE WALKING BEHAVIOUR INCREASE FOOT TRAFFIC INCREASED IN BUSINESS REVENUE ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE STREET DESIGN PRINCIPLE More than 1.2 million people die on roads around the world every year. That is equivalent to roughly one person dying every 30 seconds, or over 3,400 people dying every single day of the year. Many of these deaths occur on urban roads and are preventable crashes caused by behavior induced by street design. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE STREET DESIGN PRINCIPLE How do we design street safer? ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE STREET DESIGN PRINCIPLE How do we design street safer? ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE STREET DESIGN PRINCIPLE How do we design street safer? ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE STREET DESIGN PRINCIPLE Common causes of Tra c Fatalities ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ffi STREET DESIGN PRINCIPLE Common causes of Tra c Fatalities ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ffi STREET DESIGN PRINCIPLE Common causes of Tra c Fatalities BP344 ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ffi STREET DESIGN PRINCIPLE Common causes of Tra c Fatalities ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ffi STREET DESIGN PRINCIPLE Common causes of Tra c Fatalities ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ffi STREET DESIGN PRINCIPLE Common causes of Tra c Fatalities ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ffi STREET DESIGN PRINCIPLE Common causes of Tra c Fatalities ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ffi STREET DESIGN PRINCIPLE Common causes of Tra c Fatalities ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE ffi STREET DESIGN PRINCIPLE ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE STREET DESIGN PRINCIPLE ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE STREET DESIGN PRINCIPLE BIOSWALES ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE STREET DESIGN PRINCIPLE ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE PD 1096 STREET DESIGN STANDARDS ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE PD1096 ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE PD1096 ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE PD1096 ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE PD1096 ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE PD1096 ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE PD1096 Guidelines on Arcaded and Sidewalks ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE PD1096 Guidelines on Sidewalks and Plastic Strips ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE BP220 STREET DESIGN STANDARDS ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE BP220 ECONOMIC AND SOCIALIZED HOUSING ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE BP220 ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE BP220 ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE BP344 STREET DESIGN STANDARDS ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE BP344 ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE BP344 ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE BP344 ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE BP344 ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE BP344 ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE BP344 ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE BP344 ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE BP344 ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE AR. JOVEN CHRISTOPHER VERO LANDSCAPE ARCH 493 Plate 6 ADOPT A STREET OR INTERSECTION Group yourself into 3. Select an intersection or a street segment within Cebu City and trace its layout using tracing paper or parchment paper (A3 size). Analyze the current features of the intersection by considering questions like, “Is it safe for pedestrians?” and refer to the Design Principles we recently discussed. Then, propose improvements to the design by creating an overlay with your recommendations on a separate sheet of tracing or parchment paper. All submissions must be hand-drawn and handwritten. Deadline: Next week’s rst class. ARCH 493 I PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN AND COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE fi