Types of Rocks and The Rock Cycle PDF

Types of Rocks and The Rock Cycle Visit https://www.learner.org/series/interactive-rock-cycle/ to complete the following questions and activities. Types of Rocks: 1. Click on Types of Rocks. Read the information on the webpage and answer the following questions: 1. What are the...

Types of Rocks and The Rock Cycle Visit https://www.learner.org/series/interactive-rock-cycle/ to complete the following questions and activities. Types of Rocks: 1. Click on Types of Rocks. Read the information on the webpage and answer the following questions: 1. What are the three main types of rocks? The three types of rocks are sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous and the difference between them are how they are formed 2. What makes them different? A sedimentary rock is formed from particles from sand, shells, pebbles, and other fragments of materials. All these particles combined are called Sediment A metamorphic rock is formed under the surface of the earth. It is changed due to the intense heat and pressure A Igneous rock is formed when magma cools and hardens. 3. Explain how sedimentary rocks are formed. A sedimentary rock is formed from particles from sand, shells, pebbles, and other fragments of materials. All these particles combined are called Sediment 4. Describe the texture and composition of sedimentary rocks. The Sedimentary rock feels soft and may break apart or crumble easily 5. What are two examples of sedimentary rocks? Examples of sedimentary rocks are conglomerate and limestone. 6. Explain how metamorphic rocks are formed. A metamorphic rock is formed under the surface of the earth. It is changed due to the intense heat and pressure  7. Describe the texture and composition of metamorphic rocks. They have a ribbon like layer and they are hard and also made from different minerals unlike other rocks. NEXT PAGE --> 8. What are two examples of metamorphic rocks? 2 examples of metamorphic rocks are Gneiss and marble 9. Explain how igneous rocks are formed. A Igneous rock is formed when magma cools and hardens. 10. Describe the texture and composition of igneous rocks. Igneous rocks have gas bubbles which holes in the rock form and are hard. 11. What are two examples of igneous rocks? 2 examples of igneous rocks are Basalt and obsidian Crystals Fossils Gas bubbles Glassy Ribbon Like Sand or Small, flat Imprints of "Holes," like Surface layers Pebbles surfaces that are leaves, shells, Swiss cheese, in A shiny and Straight or wavy Individual shiny or sparkly, insects, or other the rock. smooth surface, stripes of stones, pebbles, like tiny mirrors. items in the like colored different colors or sand grains rock. glass. in the rock. visible in the rock. NEXT PAGE --> How Rocks Change: 1. All rocks change slowly from one type to another. These changes form a cycle called the rock. The way rocks change depends upon various processes that are taking place on or under the earth’s surface. Movement in the earth’s crust can cause rocks to be pulled under the surface of the earth. Between 100 and 200 kilometers below the earth’s surface, temperatures are hot enough to melt most rocks. However, before the melting point is reached, a rock can undergo fundamental changes while in a solid state -- morphing from one type to another without melting. An additional factor that can transform rocks is the pressure caused by tonnes of other rocks pressing down on it from above; heat and pressure usually work together to alter the rocks under the earth’s surface. This kind of change, which results from both rising temperature and pressure, is called metamorphism, and the resulting rock is a metamorphic rock. 2. To see how a rock is altered when it is subjected to heat and pressure under the earth’s surface click on START in the interactive box. 3. Rocks change in four main ways. View each animation  Melting:» Cooling: Magma erupts from the volcano to the surface to cool down and form igneous rock. Weathering and Erosion: Wind, Water, sun and others waters break down objects apart which become sediment Compaction and Cementing: Compaction is when sediments are smooshed together by the weight of water and other sediment. Cementing is when the sediments are glued together by other minerals with a lot of water. Now, click on TRANSFORM THE ROCK and test your knowledge! Once you have completed the interactive quiz, click on MOVE ONTO NEXT CHAPTER. NEXT PAGE --> The Rock Collection 1. Click on START YOUR ROCK COLLECTION. You will be taken to an interactive page. Click BEGIN. Click on EARTH ROCK, read the description that follows and complete the following chart. After you have read each description that follows and complete the following chart. After you have read each description click on ADD ROCK TO COLLECTION. Type of Formatio Appearance Location Rock n Gneiss Found in Formed mountain sides when other rocks that have been squeezed and heated for a long time under the earth's crust Marble Formed Found in when mountain sides limestone and quarries is pushed down into the earth and exposed to heat. Basalt Made Found mostly from on the ocean cooled floor lava and contains bubbles on the surface due to gas bubbles  Limestone Formed Found near when» oceans or lakes sea shells and skeletons of marine animals that were compress ed into the sea floor with other sediment Obsidian Found near Made by volcanic lava lava that flows is cooled quickly Conglome Found in large rate Made of expanses or sand, beds pebbles and other things pressed together by water Once you have added all of the rocks to your collection, the website will divide the rocks into the three main categories. List the rocks in your chart above in the appropriate category below. Sedimentary Metamorphic Igneous Conglomerate Gneiss Obsidian Limestone Marble Basalt  Now, click on IDENTIFY ROCK TYPES and test your knowledge! Once you have completed the interactive quiz, click on MOVE ONTO NEXT CHAPTER. NEXT PAGE --> The Rock Cycle »»» 1. Fill in the blanks in the following paragraph based upon your reading: Changes to rock happen in a recurring sequence. This is known as the rock cycle. The concept of the rock cycle is attributed to James Hutton(1726-1797), the 18th century founder of modern geology. The main idea is that rocks are continually changing from one type to another and back again, as forces inside the earth bring them closer to the surface (where they are weathered,eroded, and compacted) and forces on the earth sink them back down (where they are heated, pressed, and melted). So the elements that make up rocks are never created or destroyed instead, they are constantly being recycled. The rock cycle helps us to see that the earth is like a giant rock recycling machine! Now, click on COMPLETE THE CYCLE and test your knowledge! Once you have completed the interactive quiz, click on MOVE ONTO FINAL CHAPTER where you will test your skills. Enter your name and see what you know!