Understanding Culture, Society and Politics (UCSP11) PDF

SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL MODULE 10 Subject: UNDERSTANDING CULTURE, SOCIETY AND POLITICS (UCSP11) AISAT COLLEGE – DASMARIÑAS, INC. This material has been de...

SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL MODULE 10 Subject: UNDERSTANDING CULTURE, SOCIETY AND POLITICS (UCSP11) AISAT COLLEGE – DASMARIÑAS, INC. This material has been developed in support to the Senior High School Program implementation. Materials included in this module are owned by the respective copyright holders. AISAT College – Dasmariñas, the publisher and author do not represent nor claim ownership over them. This material will be reproduced for educational purposes and can be modified for the purpose of translation into another language provided that the source must be clearly acknowledged. Derivatives of the work including creating an edited version, enhancement or a supplementary work are permitted provided all original works are acknowledged and the copyright is attributed. No work may be derived from this material for commercial purposes and profit.  Unit BECOMING A MEMBER OF SOCIETY UNDERSTANDING CONFORMITY AND DEVIANCE Module Understanding Culture, Society and Page | 2 UCSP11 Units: 80hrs Politics INFORMATION SHEET Q2-10.1.1 UNDERSTANDING CONFORMITY AND DEVIANCE LEARNING COMPETENCIES identify norms and values to be observed in interacting with others in society, and the consequences of ignoring these rules define and understand the nature of conformity and deviance Key Terms: Conformity, deviance, labelling, gossiping, social control Many books in sociology define deviance in broad terms ranging from defiance or violation of societal norms to breakage of conventions and realms of morality. However, deviance centers on occurrences that violate mores. MORES are one of the components of norms that are often taken very seriously by society and sometimes codified as laws. (Newman, 2012) Mores are strong norms that are regarded as morally significant and violations of them are considered a serious matter. The word mores originated from a Roman term that means “the most respected and sacred custom”. For instance, an individual who walks down the street wearing nothing is considered violating one of the most important universal mores – the requirement that people should cover their genitals and buttocks in public. In a way, this applies to most modern societies where decency is equated with appropriate clothing. But in the pre-modern world society valued nakedness as a manifestation of beauty and even strength. As a whole, mores are crucial in the maintenance of a decent and orderly society. Every society has a set of norms that people are expected to follow. The violation of social norms are called DEVIANCE. So far, there is no existing list of universal deviant behaviors across cultures because deviance is basically socially constructed and only be determined by members of society. In short, deviance is characterized for its contextualized and relativity. Within a particular culture, deviance may be perceived and interpreted according to circumstances or preconditioned notions. The most popular form of deviance is the commitment of crime, which s defined as the violation of norms that have been formally enacted into criminal law. In modern societies, juvenile delinquency is also considered a deviant crime being a violation of legal standards by children or adolescents. SUBJECT TEACHER: APPROVED FOR IMPLEMENTATION: MODULE 10TH QUARTER 2 10 Meeting MS. ABEGAILE A. VILLANUEVA MR. WILBERT A. MAÑUSCA Subject Teacher School Director  Unit BECOMING A MEMBER OF SOCIETY UNDERSTANDING CONFORMITY AND DEVIANCE Module Understanding Culture, Society and Page | 3 UCSP11 Units: 80hrs Politics SUBJECT TEACHER: APPROVED FOR IMPLEMENTATION: MODULE 10TH QUARTER 2 10 Meeting MS. ABEGAILE A. VILLANUEVA MR. WILBERT A. MAÑUSCA Subject Teacher School Director  Unit BECOMING A MEMBER OF SOCIETY UNDERSTANDING CONFORMITY AND DEVIANCE Module Understanding Culture, Society and Page | 4 UCSP11 Units: 80hrs Politics SUBJECT TEACHER: APPROVED FOR IMPLEMENTATION: MODULE 10TH QUARTER 2 10 Meeting MS. ABEGAILE A. VILLANUEVA MR. WILBERT A. MAÑUSCA Subject Teacher School Director  Unit BECOMING A MEMBER OF SOCIETY UNDERSTANDING CONFORMITY AND DEVIANCE Module Understanding Culture, Society and Page | 5 UCSP11 Units: 80hrs Politics MECHANISMS OF SOCIAL CONTROL Deviance is checked through social control to ensure that norms and conventions are safeguarded order preserved. Society controls individual ideas and behaviors through the following mechanisms: LABELLING THEORY – it states how members of society label others whether they are deviant or not. People label others as deviant when they defy or do not conform to social norms. Non-conformity provides offensive signals to holders; non-conformity is often tantamount to disagreement and disapproval. Being labeled, deviant entails numerous consequences throughout individual’s life. Members of society often treat deviant negatively and with feelings of hate, mistrust or fear. Socially acceptable roles and relationship with other people becomes limited if he or she is labeled as deviant. GOSSIP- or talking behind someone’s back and spreading rumors, society reinforces what norms should be followed and punishes the deviants by putting them on shame. Gossip is also used to level the playing field-especially when the subject of gossips is successful people-by putting achievers to shame or putting them to the same level as others. SUBJECT TEACHER: APPROVED FOR IMPLEMENTATION: MODULE 10TH QUARTER 2 10 Meeting MS. ABEGAILE A. VILLANUEVA MR. WILBERT A. MAÑUSCA Subject Teacher School Director  Unit BECOMING A MEMBER OF SOCIETY UNDERSTANDING CONFORMITY AND DEVIANCE Module Understanding Culture, Society and Page | 6 UCSP11 Units: 80hrs Politics LAWS – are formal codes of conduct that are met with negative sanctions (punishment) when violated. Laws are meant to guide the daily lives of members of society by providing clear definitions of relationships among individuals, including expectations on how people should behave in particular contexts. Laws dictate to whom authority is given. Only those who exercise authority are recognized by the members of society to practice coercion in the exercise of sanctions. STRAIN THEORY -is one of the most well-known explanations about deviant behavior. This was advanced by sociologist Robert Merton who claimed that operation of society actually encourages crime and other types of deviance, especially by people in certain situations. This theory states that deviant behavior occurs when people experience strain or tension when culture imposes goals that individuals should achieve, but the social environment makes it hard or challenging for individuals to meet such goals through a legitimate manner. Put it in another way, when society’s cultural goals and the socially accepted means to achieve those goals are out of balance, deviant behavior occurs. A good example is the popular notion that “poverty breed crime”. This presupposes that the very existence of poor people within the social structure leads to deviance. In the Philippines, lawlessness is always blamed to poor people because the prevailing social conditions force them to commit crimes in order for them to meet their daily needs (e.g. paying bills, buying foods). Members of society react to strains in five different ways: 1. Conformity – Individuals still accept cultural goals and try to achieve them through culturally approved methods. For example, many poor people in the Philippines generally accept their fate although many are still hopeful that sending their children to school will uplift them from impoverishment. This type is called hopeful poor. 2. Innovation – Individuals will accept cultural goals but go about in achieving it in a disapproved way. For example, people resort to illegal activities like stealing, tapping electricity, to survive. This type is surviving poor. SUBJECT TEACHER: APPROVED FOR IMPLEMENTATION: MODULE 10TH QUARTER 2 10 Meeting MS. ABEGAILE A. VILLANUEVA MR. WILBERT A. MAÑUSCA Subject Teacher School Director  Unit BECOMING A MEMBER OF SOCIETY UNDERSTANDING CONFORMITY AND DEVIANCE Module Understanding Culture, Society and Page | 7 UCSP11 Units: 80hrs Politics 3. Ritualism – Individuals still live in society and follow its culturally approved ways but they no longer try to achieve cultural goals. For example, some poor people have already accepted and contented – that they are poor. They live peacefully with their neighbors and do not pose as threats to the latter. This type is called passive poor. 4. Retreat – Individuals no longer desire to achieve cultural goals and have abandoned the culturally approved ways of achieving those goals. For example, some poor people no longer have the desire to improve their lot. They commit illegal activities and crimes in order to earn a living, this is called the retreating poor. 5. Rebellion – Individuals challenge the existing culturally accepted goals by coming up with a new one and also challenge the prescribed means in achieving cultural goals. For instance, some poor people resist the prevailing notion of poverty. They use resourcefulness, ingenuity and innovation to improve their lives. They also follow decent and legal means. This type is called resisting poor. PERFORMANCE TASK Q2-10.1.1 “WORD HUNT / IDENTIFYING DEVIANCE” I – WORD HUNT. Find the words in the puzzle that re related in understanding conformity and deviance. Words are given below. F S A D G N I L E B A L A C F I L N A R U X B O B D G J M W P S V Y C R E E H K S O Q T W Z Y T D P E D E V I A N T F N G H I J K L S E I M N O O P Q S T U C M V Q X C Y Z A B S N R C R D E L SUBJECT TEACHER: APPROVED FOR IMPLEMENTATION: MODULE 10TH QUARTER 2 10 Meeting MS. ABEGAILE A. VILLANUEVA MR. WILBERT A. MAÑUSCA Subject Teacher School Director  Unit BECOMING A MEMBER OF SOCIETY UNDERSTANDING CONFORMITY AND DEVIANCE Module Understanding Culture, Society and Page | 8 UCSP11 Units: 80hrs Politics F G H I A O J K L O M A N O P I F Q G R S T N I U V V N W X Y Z A B C C D E O F G H I J K L M O D C N O P Q N I A R T S Conformity Strain Gossip labeling Deviant laws Deviance social control Norms rebellion II – IDENTIFYING DEVIANCE: Determine which the following activities can be considered deviant behaviors. Write D if it is deviant and N if it is norm. ______ 1. Walking naked in public places like parks and malls. ______ 2. Reading books in a school library. ______ 3. Answering long distance calls in a phone booth. ______ 4. Wearing sexy clothes during religious ceremonies. ______ 5. Engaging into premarital sex. ______ 6. Paying with younger siblings during weekends. ______ 7. Indulging in alcohol and dangerous drugs. ______ 8. Tagging along with criminals. ______ 9. Listening attentively to the keynote speaker during a public forum. SUBJECT TEACHER: APPROVED FOR IMPLEMENTATION: MODULE 10TH QUARTER 2 10 Meeting MS. ABEGAILE A. VILLANUEVA MR. WILBERT A. MAÑUSCA Subject Teacher School Director  Unit BECOMING A MEMBER OF SOCIETY UNDERSTANDING CONFORMITY AND DEVIANCE Module Understanding Culture, Society and Page | 9 UCSP11 Units: 80hrs Politics ______ 10. Visiting a sick friend in the hospital. SUBJECT TEACHER: APPROVED FOR IMPLEMENTATION: MODULE 10TH QUARTER 2 10 Meeting MS. ABEGAILE A. VILLANUEVA MR. WILBERT A. MAÑUSCA Subject Teacher School Director