UCSP PDF - Understanding Culture Society and Politics

# U.C.S.P. ## Understanding Culture Society Politics ### Becoming a Member of the Society ## Enculturation / Socialization * Identity formation (identities, disciplines, and aspirations) * Norms and values * Statuses and roles (e.g. age, gender) ## Conformity and Deviance * **Social control** (go...

# U.C.S.P. ## Understanding Culture Society Politics ### Becoming a Member of the Society ## Enculturation / Socialization * Identity formation (identities, disciplines, and aspirations) * Norms and values * Statuses and roles (e.g. age, gender) ## Conformity and Deviance * **Social control** (gossip, social ostracism, laws and punishments) * **Forms of deviance** (ritualism, retreatism, rebellion, and innovation) * **Human dignity, rights, and the common good** ## Socialization Lifelong process of social interaction through which people acquire their identities and necessary survival skills in society. It is considered as the central process of social life and is also a process of member recruitment and replacement. Enables the person to gradually become a self-aware and knowledgeable human being, and learn the ways, values, rules, and culture of his/her society. Greatly influenced by the context of his/her respective society, and the social groups that he/she interacts with. ## Three Goals of Socialization * It teaches impulse control and helps individuals develop a conscience. * It teaches individuals how to prepare for and perform certain social roles. * It cultivates shared sources of meaning and value. ## Enculturation Process of being socialized into a specific culture. Individuals learn cultural symbols, norms, values, and language by observing and interacting with family, friends, and the rest of society. The 'self' is a sociological concept. ## Feral Child ## Three-Stage Process of Self-Development * **Imitation:** The action of using someone or something as a model. * **Play:** The child fakes different roles he/she observes in 'adult' society and plays them out to gain an understanding of the different social roles. The child learns to become both subject and object and begins to become able to build a self. * **Game:** The child must take the role of everyone else involved in the game. Organizations begin and definite personalities start to emerge. * **'The Generalized Other':** The individual understands what kind of behaviour is expected or appropriate in different social settings. The development of an individual's distinct personality, which is regarded as a persisting entity in a particular stage of life by which a person is recognized or known Identity. ## Self-Concept The sum of a being's knowledge and understanding of his/herself. Components: * Physical * Psychological * Social attributes ## Cultural Identity It is one's feeling of identity or affiliation with a group or culture. ## Ethnic Identity The identification with a certain ethnicity, usually on the basis of a presumed common genealogy or ancestry. ## National Identity It is an ethical and philosophical concept whereby all humans divided into groups called nation. ## Religious Identity Is the set of beliefs and practices generally held by an individual involving adherence to codified beliefs and rituals. ## Norms and Values ### Norms * Is a rule that guides the behaviour of members of a society of a group. Things that exist in society independent of individuals and that shape our thoughts and behaviour. * Refers to that which conforms to norms * The act of abiding rules. ### Normative * Refers to what we perceive as normal, or what we think should be normal, regardless of whether what actually is * Refers to beliefs that are expressed as directives or value of the judgment * The process of socialization is guided by norms and taught to us by those around us. * Social Sanction: We will face sanctions if we break them. * Proscriptive * Prescriptive ### Values: * Culturally defined standards that people use to decide what is desirable, good, and beautiful and that serves as broad guidelines for social living. * Aspects of the sociological concept of value. * Values exist at different levels of generality of abstraction. * Values tend to be hierarchically arranged. * Values are explicit and implicit in varying degrees. * Values often are in conflict with one another. * **Filipino Values:** ## Status and Roles: * Are important concepts in socialization because the behaviour of young members of society is controlled by assigning them a certain status which they will enact. * "We can deal with anyone, we need to know who the person is" ### Status: * Position in a social system * Refers to a social position that a person holds. * Can be ascribed or achieved, given or accomplished, respectively. ### Ascribed Status: * A social position receives at birth or takes on involuntarily later in life. ### Achieved Status: * Social position a person takes on voluntarily that reflects personal identity and effort. ## Role: * Refers to the behaviour expected of someone who holds a particular status. * A person who holds status and perform a role. ### Role Strain: * Conflict among the roles connected to two or more statuses. * Results from the competing demands of two or more roles for our time and energy. ### Role Manipulation: * Through impression management has to bear on the formation of a person's self-identity. ### Impression Management; * It is a concept to be taken very seriously. It has the power and influence to create a favourable public opinion of a particular person. * It can break or repair a damaged persona.