Vaults & Domes PDF
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This document explains different types of vaults and domes, including their structure and how they function. It discusses barrel vaults and groin vaults, along with the construction methods used for domes, particularly in ancient Roman architecture.
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Vaults: Arches can span wide openings, but masonry roofing of an interior space requires the extension of an arch to form a vault. The simple extended arch vault, called a Barrel vault or tunnel vault must rest on massive walls on either side to absorb its thrust. A more complex vault results from t...
Vaults: Arches can span wide openings, but masonry roofing of an interior space requires the extension of an arch to form a vault. The simple extended arch vault, called a Barrel vault or tunnel vault must rest on massive walls on either side to absorb its thrust. A more complex vault results from the form generated by right angle intersection of two barrel vaults. Such a Groin vault requires support only at its four corners as it exerts outward thrust in two directions at those points. Vault: an arched structure that forms a roof or ceiling. Barrel vault: same manner as the round vault but continuous. barrel vault Groin vault: when two barrel vaults intersect at right angles they form a Groin Vault. Dome: a circular ceiling that is anchored on a 180 degree rotation. A dome can cover a circular space and requires support around its perimeter. Interior of Pantheon temple. For the construction of these a neatly cut Ashlar stone was used. Romans also added the use of strong and lasting fired brick, which were thin flat squares. Romans also developed mix of cement or mortar, they used volcanic ash called pozzolana with stones or gravel and water to make a substance that would flow in any place desired and subsequently harden into artificial stone.
