4_5994549721190896383.pdf

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Part of the U.S. Department of Labor Establishes and enforces standards that protect workers from job-related injuries and illnesses www.osha.gov 16  Public Health System (Health...

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Part of the U.S. Department of Labor Establishes and enforces standards that protect workers from job-related injuries and illnesses www.osha.gov 16  Public Health System (Health Departments) Part of the MOH Department of Health and Human Services Provide services to states and local communities Examples of services Immunizations Environmental health and sanitation Collection of health statistics and records Health Education Clinics for health care and prevention 17  Veterans Administration Federally supported Hospitals and other services Care for veterans who served in the armed forces 18  NON-PROFITS Also called voluntary agencies Most deal with specific diseases or groups of diseases They provide funding for research, promote education, and services for patients. They also influence laws, create standards, and educate health professionals 19  Hospice Hospice movement began in England, and rapidly growing in the United States Provides palliative care (relieves but does not cure) to dying patients and their families Involves healthcare professionals and volunteers Emphasis is to make the patient’s last days as pain-free and meaningful as possible 20  Regulations Government can attempt to control price, quantity, or quality of healthcare products. Example. Consumers are fully insured by the government. The government fixes the price the physician receives for each visit. 21 The Health and Social Care proposes to increase and extend responsibilities substantially, to include: price-setting tackling anti-competitive behavior ensuring continuity of essential services (in the event of financial failure). 23 Types of Government Interventions 1. Provide public goods. 2. Correct for externalities 3. Impose regulations. 4. Enforce antitrust laws. 5. Sponsor redistribution programs. 6. Operate public enterprises. 24 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF REGULATION Two Types of Market Regulation Economic regulation and social regulation Economic regulation is the traditional form of regulation. It is usually industry-specific. The deregulation movement of the last two decades has been primarily focused on reducing economic regulation of markets. Social regulation is a newer form of market regulation that grew up during the 20th century, mostly since the 1960’s. While economic regulation has been declining, social regulation has grown rapidly. 25  Economic Regulation of Markets Restrictions on entry, price, quantity, and market share Economic regulation limits entry into a market or sets prices, restricts quantities, and allocates market shares among sellers. While anti-trust policy is intended to open markets up to new competition, economic regulation limits competition. Examples of economic regulation that limits competition:  Public franchises ( ) Occupational licensing Other licensing requirements 26  Social Regulation of Markets Social regulation prescribes how products must be designed or how they must be produced for public interest Social regulation includes health and safety regulations, environmental regulations, and occupational safety regulations. 27 National Continuous Professional Development-CPD- System A national CPD system provides benefits for health workers, health facilities, regulatory bodies, the government, and patients. A national CPD system reinforces individual practitioner and collective provider accountability and promotes practicing under ethical principles to meet patients’ needs. A national CPD system leads to improved clinical services and patient outcomes. 31  Added Value of CPD 1. Increasing health professional’s productivity. 2. Improving motivation and retention of health professionals. 3. Addressing health professional shortages and implementing task-sharing. 4. Strengthening the health system as a whole. 5. Improving patient care. 32  CPD Activities That practitioners participate in inside or outside Jordan to develop their professional performance. 1. Trainings 2. Publications 3. Seminars 4. Courses 5. Workshops 6. Conferences 33  What if health professionals fail to renew their license?  Failing to renew the license within five years is considered a violation of the provisions of the bylaw and health professionals shall be notified to complete the requirements within a maximum period of six months.  If requirements are not fulfilled after the expiration of that period, health professionals shall be suspended and reported to the related association. 35  Legislations and Policies Related to Pharmaceuticals The Jordan Food & Drugs Administration (JFDA) was established in 2003 under JFDA Provisional Law No. 31 of the year 2003 Currently: JFDA Law No. 41 of the year 2008 JFDA ensures Efficacy, Safety, and Quality to approve any new drug. 39