3rd Term JSS 1 NV Lesson Note (Week 1-3) PDF

LESSON NOTE ON NATIONAL VALUES FOR WEEK 1-3 NAME OF SCHOOL: GABUS INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL CLASS: JSS 1 TOPIC: CITIZENSHIP, OBJECTS FOR NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS CITIZENS RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITY A citizen is a person who has the legal right to belong to a particular country. He...

LESSON NOTE ON NATIONAL VALUES FOR WEEK 1-3 NAME OF SCHOOL: GABUS INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL CLASS: JSS 1 TOPIC: CITIZENSHIP, OBJECTS FOR NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS CITIZENS RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITY A citizen is a person who has the legal right to belong to a particular country. He enjoys rights and privileges and performs some duties to show loyalty and contributions to the development of his/her country. A citizen enjoys the rights and freedom of a country as stated in the universal declaration of human rights and in turn performs some specific duties. The rights of Nigerian citizens are clearly stated in chapter IV of the 1999 Nigerian constitution. Duties are obligatory tasks which a citizen must legally and morally perform as the citizens are set out by the laws of the country. The moral duties are regulated by the practices and conventions of the society. As the citizens enjoy certain rights and privileges in the country, she/he also has some responsibility to fulfill in the country. A responsible citizen is loyal to the country and contributes to the development of the country. It is important to know that one cannot enjoy the rights and privileges if one fails to perform the duties expected from a citizen of the country. For example, a citizen who breaks the law of the country loses his right of freedom when he is caught, tried and found guilty and imprisoned. FUNDAMENTAL HUMAN RIGHTS OF CITIZENS 1. Right to life 2. Right to dignity of human person 3. Right to work 4. Right to personal liberty. 5. Right to fair hearing 6. Right to own property 7. Right to freedom of expression 8. Right to privacy 9. Right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion  10.Right to vote and be voted for 11.Right to education 12.Right to food 13.Right to be considered innocent until proven guilty 14.Right from arbitrary arrest or prison 15.Right or freedom from slavery 16.Freedom from discrimination 17.Right to organize meetings DUTIES OF CITIZENS Duties and responsibility which the citizen must fulfill to the government and the country at large are listed below: 1. Payment of taxes and other levies 2. Obedience to the law 3. Voting during elections 4. Allegiance to the country 5. Assisting law enforcement agency 6. Taking care of government property 7. Service to the nation 8. Respect to national symbols 9. Appear as a witness when needed or summoned to provide evidence in a law court. OBJECTS FOR NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS National consciousness: This is the feeling of attachment and the sense of belonging that a citizen has toward his/her country. It also implies the understanding or knowledge of what is going on in the country. It is the ability to stand and defend the country. It also implies loyalty to one's country. National Identity: This is the distinguishing characteristic of a nation. For example, Nigeria stands out as a country with predominantly black population comprising many tribes distinguished by their languages, dress, food and other cultural features. It is important to note that despite the differences, the people have unifying factors that bring them together as one. National symbols: A symbol is something that stands for something else. A National symbol is something that represents the country. They are objects of historical importance and symbols which have been accepted as the country’s marks of identification. Every country has its symbols by which it is identified; these distinguish it from other countries of the world. Nigeria has many symbols of identification. They are; 1. National Flag 2. National Anthem 3. Nation Coat of Arms 4. National Pledge 5. National identity Card 6. National Constitution 7. National Currency 8. Seal of the Presidency of Nigeria 9. Nigerian passport 10.Nigerian map. A. The Nigerian Flag – Before the independence of Nigeria, we were using the British Flag called the Union Jack. In 1958, Michael Taiwo AkinKumi, who was a student then in the United Kingdom designed what we have today as the Nigerian Flag. It has two colors, the white and green. The green represents the fertile land while the white represents peace which has enabled the country to remain united. B. The National Anthem – It was composed and adapted in 1978 as the official song of the country. It emphasizes our history, spirit of loyalty, the activities of the heroes past and need for patriotism. It was composed in 1978 by the Assistant Commissioner of Police Mr. Ben Odease. First Stanza Arise O compatriots Nigeria’s call obey To serve our father land With love and strength and faith The labour of our heroes past Shall never be in vain To serve with heart and might One nation bound in freedom Peace and unity.  Second Stanza Oh God of creation Direct our noble cause Guide our Leaders right Help our youth the truth to know In love and honesty to grow And living just and true Great lofty heights attain To build a nation where peace And justice shall reign. C. The National pledge: The pledge is a recitation which expresses our promise of loyalty and patriotism; it is a form of oath of allegiance for all Nigerians. It goes thus: I pledge to Nigeria, my country To be faithful loyal and honest To serve Nigeria with all my strength To defend her unity and uphold her honor and glory So help me God D. The Nigerian coat of Arms: It is an emblem that represents the strength, unity and peace of the country. It also stands for authority and power. All the component parts of the coat of arms represent different things about Nigeria. 1. The eagle on top represents the strength of Nigeria. 2. The two horses represent the dignity and pride of Nigeria. 3. The stripes on the black shield stand for the river - Niger /Benue which runs through the country. 4. The black shield stands for the good fertile soil in Nigeria. 5. The flower on which the shield stands represent the beauty of Nigeria 6. There is an inscription on the coat of arms. This is a motto for Nigeria. E. Nigeria currency: This is the money legally used to pay for goods and services. The currency is called the Naira and Kobo. We have denominations ranging from N5, N10, N20, N50, N100, N200, N500, and N1000. F. Nigeria passport: It is an official document issued by a country upon request to a citizen requesting protection during travel abroad. The immigration department is in charge of issuance. G. National identity card: This card is issued to every Nigerian who is eighteen years old and above. H. Nigeria map: The map is a representative of an area on a flat surface. It includes information like towns, roads, river, mountains and vegetation. It shows the boundaries of Nigeria with neighboring countries.