States and Properties of Matter PDF

Chapter 3 Lecture Basic Chemistry Fifth Edition, Global Edition Chapter 3 Matter and Energy 3.2 States and Properties of Matter Learning Goal Identify the states and the phys...

Chapter 3 Lecture Basic Chemistry Fifth Edition, Global Edition Chapter 3 Matter and Energy 3.2 States and Properties of Matter Learning Goal Identify the states and the physical and chemical properties of matter. © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  Chapter 3 Lecture Chapter 3 Matter and Energy 3.2 – States and Properties of Matter Learning Objective Identify the states and the physical and chemical properties of matter. Success Criteria: I can: 1. Identify the different states of matter. 2. Differentiate the physical and chemical properties and changes. 3. Provide real life examples to illustrate each property. © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd. © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  Masdar City - UAE Masdar City is a planned-city project in the United Arab Emirates, which relies on solar energy and other renewable energy sources located just outside the city of Abu Dhabi. © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  Link energy transformations and the conservation of matter/energy to the UAE's initiatives in clean energy, like Masdar City and renewable energy projects © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  https://dashboard.blooket.com/my-sets © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd. © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  Physical States of Matter © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  States of Matter – Solids Matter on Earth exists in one of three physical states: solid, liquid, or gas. Solids have a definite shape and definite volume. Amethyst, a solid, is a purple form of quartz, SiO2. © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  States of Matter – Solids In a solid, particles are held together by strong attractive forces. are arranged in a rigid manner. can only move by vibrating slowly in fixed positions. © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  States of Matter – Liquids Liquids have a definite volume, but not a definite shape. contain particles that move slowly in random directions. Liquids maintain their own volume, but take on the shape of their container. © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  States of Matter – Gases Gases do not have a definite volume or definite shape. contain particles that are far apart, move at high speeds, and have little attraction to each other. Gases take on the shape and volume of their container. © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  Physical and Chemical Properties Melting point Color Sates of matter Magnetism Flammability Thermal conductivity Electrical Thermal conductivity conductivity Reactivity Oxidation Luster shiny Density odor Hardness Radioactivity © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  Physical and Chemical Properties © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  Physical Properties Physical properties are characteristics observed or measured without changing the identify of a substance. shape, physical state, boiling and freezing points, density, and color of that substance. For example, a penny is round, has an orange-red color and has a shiny luster. © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  Physical Properties © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  Chemical Properties Chemical properties describe the ability of a substance to interact with other substances. to change into a new substance. Cooking sugar at high temperatures changes its chemical properties. © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  Physical and Chemical Changes https://plus.pearson.com/courses/ittihad25897/products/111073/pages/107?locale= © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  Physical Changes Physical changes occur when matter undergoes a physical change of state, but its composition remains constant. Water exists in three states: (1) ice, (2) water, and (3) steam. © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  Physical Changes The physical appearance of a substance can also change with a physical change. For example, when salt is dissolved in water, the salt crystals are no longer visible but can be re-formed when the water evaporates. © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  Chemical Changes Chemical changes take place when the original substance is converted to a new substance with different physical and chemical properties. For example, when iron nails corrode in the presence of water, a new substance forms on them, a red-orange powder called rust (Fe2O3). © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  Examples of Physical and Chemical Changes © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  Physical and Chemical Properties and Changes © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd. © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd. © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  Chapter 3 Lecture Chapter 3 Matter and Energy 3.2 – States and Properties of Matter Learning Objective Identify the states and the physical and chemical properties of matter. Success Criteria: I can: 1. Identify the different states of matter. 2. Differentiate the physical and chemical properties and changes. 3. Provide real life examples to illustrate each property. © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  Learning Check Classify each of the following as either (1) a change of state or (2) a change of shape. A. chopping a log into kindling wood B. water boiling in a pot C. ice cream melting D. ice forming in a freezer E. cutting dough into strips © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  Solution Classify each of the following as either (1) a change of state or (2) a change of shape. A. chopping a log into kindling wood (2) B. water boiling in a pot (1) C. ice cream melting (1) D. ice forming in a freezer (1) E. cutting dough into strips (2) © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  Learning Check Classify each of the following properties as either physical or chemical. A. ice melts in the sun B. copper is a shiny metal C. paper can burn D. a silver knife can tarnish E. a magnet removes iron particles from a mixture © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  Solution Classify each of the following properties as either physical or chemical. A. ice melts in the sun physical B. copper is a shiny metal physical C. paper can burn chemical D. a silver knife can tarnish chemical E. a magnet removes iron particles physical from a mixture © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  Learning Check Classify each of the following changes as either physical or chemical. A. burning a candle B. ice melting on the street C. toasting a marshmallow D. cutting a pizza E. iron rusting in an old car © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.  Solution Classify each of the following changes as either physical or chemical. A. burning a candle chemical B. ice melting on the street physical C. toasting a marshmallow chemical D. cutting a pizza physical E. iron rusting in an old car chemical © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd.