Philippine Tourism Industry PDF

THSH2103 THE PHILIPPINE TOURISM INDUSTRY Public Sector The tourism public sector is composed of different government agencies and organizations (Cruz, 2015). This sector is divided into two (2): the national government agencies and the local government units (LGU...

THSH2103 THE PHILIPPINE TOURISM INDUSTRY Public Sector The tourism public sector is composed of different government agencies and organizations (Cruz, 2015). This sector is divided into two (2): the national government agencies and the local government units (LGUs). The role of the national government in the growth of tourism involves research, planning, development, monitoring, control, and implementation of policies, programs, and initiatives. On the other hand, the LGUs, under the Tourism Act of 2009, are tasked to prepare and implement tourism development plans, enforce tourism standards, and collect statistical data for tourism purposes (Tuazon-Disimulacion, 2016). Department of Tourism (DOT) The mission of DOT is "to encourage, promote, and develop tourism as a major socio-economic activity to generate foreign currency and local employment, ultimately spreading the benefits of tourism to both the private and public sector." The Department is divided into the following offices:  Office of the Secretary – It is responsible for the overall operations of the Department. It is tasked to formulate policies, plans, and programs and review and evaluate the Tourism Master Plan (a comprehensive development plan that will aid in achieving the tourism goals of a destination).  Tourism Services and Regional Office Sector – It is tasked to set standards for tourism-oriented establishments through an accreditation system and monitor the delivery of tourism services.  Internal Services Sector – It ensures that DOT's operations are smooth and legally functioning by effectively and efficiently providing advice and services in human resources, administrative, information technology (IT) services, budget and finance, and investigative services.  Tourism Promotions Sector – Its primary function is to promote the Philippines as a tourist destination locally and internationally through integrated marketing and promotional activities.  Planning, Product Development, and Coordination – It is tasked to formulate, update, and implement the Tourism Master Plan. In coordination with other government agencies and the private sector, develops and conceptualizes new products and investment opportunities designed to enhance tourist sites and facilities. DOT Attached Agencies According to the Tourism Act of 2009 (Republic Act No. 9593), these are the DOT attached government agencies directly involved in the tourism industry:  Philippine Retirement Authority (PRA) – It is mandated to develop and promote the Philippines as a retirement haven as a means of accelerating the social and economic development of the country, strengthening its foreign exchange position at the same time providing the further best quality of life to the targeted retirees in a most attractive package.  Philippine Commission on Sports Scuba Diving (PCSSD) – It is mandated to promulgate projects geared to the development of the country as a premier diving area in Asia and formulate rules, regulations, safety standards, and operating procedures to implement the development of Sports Scuba Diving.  Duty-Free Philippines (DFP) – It is tasked to operate the duty-and-tax-free merchandising system in the Philippines to augment tourists' service facilities and generate foreign exchange and revenue for the government.  Intramuros Administration (IA) – It is responsible for the orderly restoration and development of Intramuros as a monument to the Hispanic period of the country's history and ensures that the general 01 Handout 1 *Property of STI  [email protected] Page 1 of 5  THSH2103 appearance of Intramuros shall conform to Philippine-Spanish architecture of the 16th to the 19th century."  National Parks Development Committee (NPDC) – It provides fully developed and well-maintained parks for the Filipinos wholesome recreation and socio-cultural education, contributing towards the enrichment of national identity and heritage.  Tourism Promotions Board (TPB) – It is mandated to market and promote the Philippines domestically and internationally as a world-class tourism and MICE (meetings, incentives, conventions, and exhibitions) destination, in strategic partnership with private and public stakeholders to deliver a unique, high-value experience for visitors, significantly contributing to increased arrivals, receipts, and investments to the country.  Tourism Infrastructure and Enterprise Zone Authority (TIEZA) – It is mandated to designate, regulate and supervise Tourism Enterprise Zones (TEZs). A TEZ is a tract of land with defined boundaries master- planned to be developed into an integrated tourism complex. This agency has the primary objective of encouraging investments, developing, managing, and supervising tourism infrastructure projects, and ensuring strict compliance of the TEZ operator with the approved development plan. Other Government Agencies Influencing Tourism These are the government agencies that indirectly participate in the tourism industry:  Bureau of Immigration (BI) – It is responsible for the administration and enforcement of immigration, citizenship, and alien admission and registration laws in accordance with the provisions of the Philippine Immigration Act of 1940.  Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) – It is responsible for the conservation, management, development, and proper use of the country's environment and natural resources, specifically forest and grazing lands, mineral resources, including those in reservation and watershed areas, and lands of the public domain, as well as the licensing and regulation of all-natural resources.  Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA) – It is mandated to advise and assist the President in planning, organizing, directing, coordinating, integrating, and evaluating the total national effort in the field of foreign relations. It is also the primary representative of the Philippine government overseas.  Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG) – Its mission is to promote peace and order, ensure public safety, and strengthen the capability of local government units through active people participation and a professionalized corps of civil servants.  Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) – Its mission is to promote gainful employment opportunities, develop human resources, protect workers, promote their welfare, and maintain industrial peace.  Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) – It is mandated to undertake the planning of infrastructures, such as national roads and bridges, flood control, water resources projects and other public works, and the design, construction, and maintenance of national roads and bridges, and major flood control systems. The work of DPWH is essential in providing access to tourist destinations.  Department of Transportation (DOTr) – It is the primary policy, planning, programming, coordinating, implementing, and administrative entity of the executive branch of the government on the promotion, development, and regulation of a dependable and coordinated network of transportation systems, as well as in the fast, safe, efficient and reliable transportation services. 01 Handout 1 *Property of STI  [email protected] Page 2 of 5  THSH2103  National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP) – It is mandated to conduct research, produce materials in various media, publish and disseminate historical works, and undertake and prescribe the manner of restoration, conservation, and protection of the country's historical movable and immovable objects.  National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) – It is mandated to encourage the continuing and balanced development of a pluralistic culture by the people themselves and conserve, promote, and protect the nation's historical and cultural heritage.  Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation (PAGCOR) – Its mission is to create an environment that propels the development of the Philippine gaming and entertainment industry and establish and enforce a regulatory framework that preserves the integrity of the said industry.  Philippine National Police (PNP) – Its mission is to enforce the law, prevent and control crimes, maintain peace and order, and ensure public safety and internal security with the active support of the community. Private Sector Private entities own most businesses under the different tourism sectors, while the government entirely or partially owns some. The role of the private sector in tourism includes the creation of tourism products and services for consumers, involvement and investment in government tourism projects, and observance of the local tourism policies for future projects. There are six (6) primary industries/sectors that are directly involved in tourism. These tourism sectors include accommodation, food and beverage, transportation, attractions, MICE, and travel trade. Accommodation Sector  The accommodation sector includes facilities and amenities that offer guests a place to stay for rest and sleep. Aside from tangible products, such as rooms, beds, and meals, these facilities also provide services to meet the needs and expectations of the guests. Examples of establishments under this sector include the following: o Hotels – These provide services ranging from full-service accommodation with onsite restaurants, room and bar services, business centers, and conference rooms to standard rooms providing only the basic amenities. o Resorts – These establishments are often located in a natural and relaxed environment. They offer full-service accommodation similar to a hotel and have additional recreation facilities and tour services. o Apartment Hotels – These refer to serviced apartments offering self-contained units with kitchen and laundry facilities. Several bedrooms may share one bathroom in the unit. o Motels/Motor Hotels – These provide bedrooms, baths, and parking to motorists. These are usually located near the highways, with rooms accessible from the parking lot. o Inns – These cater to transients that do not meet the minimum requirements of an economy hotel. o Bed and Breakfast – It is usually a converted house that provides a room, bath, and hearty breakfast to tourists/travelers. o Hostels – These provide minimal amenities, such as a bunk bed and a shared toilet and bathroom. These appeal primarily to young and budget travelers. 01 Handout 1 *Property of STI  [email protected] Page 3 of 5  THSH2103 Transportation Sector  Transportation is a sector in tourism that brings passengers from their place of origin to their desired destination. Its development has made traveling convenient. The various modes of transportation are the following: o Air Transportation – It comprises passenger air transportation, including scheduled and chartered air services. Airlines have enabled more people to travel to different destinations worldwide in a brief time. Advances in aviation technology mean travel by air is relatively safe, economical, quick, and reasonably comfortable. o Land Transportation – It is a safe, convenient, and cheaper mode of travel that enables the movement of people and goods without a need for an airport or pier. Land transportation services include taxis/limousine service, bus service, rail service, and private cars. Of all modes of transportation, land transportation is the most popular and commonly used in any country or area. Land transportation can be used for traveling from home to a host destination, within the destination, and between the host destinations. o Water Transportation – It is a cheaper mode of travel for passengers with bulky luggage. Traveling by water has never been more popular as tourists seek to avoid the frustrations of air travel with its airport delays and congestion. Examples of water transport facilities include water taxis, gondolas, speedboats, ferries, and yachts. Cruise ships that are mainly for vacationing are also included under this transport mode. Food and Beverage Sector o Food and beverage service refers to the preparation, presentation, and service of meals and drinks to guests. It is also through this sector that travelers can experience the culture and heritage of a destination country. Some examples of establishments under this sector are restaurants, bars, cafés, cafeterias, and clubs. Attractions Sector  Attractions are why travelers go to a particular destination and where leisure and recreation activities can also be provided. These also feature the heritage formations and structures that tell the history of a destination country. Attractions can be classified as follows: o Natural attractions – These are geographic or geological features created by nature that entice people. Some examples are the Grand Canyon, Tubbataha Reef, Mt. Fuji, Mt. Pulag, Amazon Rainforest, and Nile River. o Man-made attractions – These are structures and sites either built for tourism purposes or non- tourism purposes. Examples of attractions made for tourism purposes are theme parks, museums, zoos, and casinos. At the same time, cathedrals and churches, castles, communities, and factories are examples of attractions built for non-tourism purposes. Meeting, Incentives, Conventions, and Exhibitions Sector  This sector is also referred to as business tourism because it affects all tourism sectors. Individuals and groups who wish to attend and participate in conferences and exhibitions, network with trade partners, and source out suppliers are the target market for this sector. The following are its components (Tuazon-Disimulacion, 2016): o Meeting – It is a gathering of two (2) or more people with a common agenda. o Incentive – It is a management tool used to increase the performance level of employees to 01 Handout 1 *Property of STI  [email protected] Page 4 of 5  THSH2103 meet organizational goals. o Convention – It is similar to a meeting with the presence of an exhibit and other simultaneous activities. o Exhibition – It is where products, services, or promotional materials are displayed and is focused more on business-to-business relationships. Travel Trade Sector  The travel trade sector comprises people and companies that resell travel products and services they have bought and/or reserved from other parties. It includes travel agents, tour operators, and tour guides that link the buyers and sellers in tourism. References: Bureau of Immigration. (n.d.). Mandate, mission, and vision. Retrieved July 6, 2021, from Immigration.gov: https://immigration.gov.ph/the- bureau/vision-and-mandate Capilano University. (n.d.). Introduction to Tourism and Hospitality in B.C. Retrieved June 10, 2021, from https://opentextbc.ca/introtourism/chapter/chapter-3-accommodation/ Claravall, B. (2013). Travel and tour operations in the Philippines (3rd ed.). Paul Lim So Publishing House. Cruz, Z. (2015). Tourism planning and development (2nd ed.). National Bookstore. Department of Education. (n.d.). Vision, mission, core values, mandate. Retrieved July 14, 2021, from https://www.deped.gov.ph/about-deped/vision- mission-core-values-and-mandate/ Department of Environment and Natural Resources. (n.d.). DENR mandate, mission & vision. Retrieved July 14, 2021, from https://denr.gov.ph/index.php/about-us/mission-vision Department of Foreign Affairs. (n.d.). Mandate. Retrieved July 14, 2021, from https://www.dbm.gov.ph/wp- content/uploads/OPCCB/OPIF_2007/dfa.pdf Department of Interior and Local Government. (n.d.). Vision & mission. Retrieved July 14, 2021, from https://www.dilg.gov.ph/page/Vision-Mission/20 Department of Labor and Employment. (n.d.). Vision, mission, & agenda. Retrieved July 14, 2021, from https://www.dole.gov.ph/vision-mission-agenda/ Department of Public Works and Highways. (n.d.). About DPWH. Retrieved July 14, 2021, from https://www.dpwh.gov.ph/dpwh/content/about-dpwh Department of Tourism. (n.d.). Retrieved June 7, 2021, from https://beta.tourism.gov.ph/aboutdot/departmentstructure Department of Tourism. (2012, May 2). National Accommodation Standards for Hotel in the Philippines. Retrieved July 7, 2021, from Academia: https://www.academia.edu/31103560/National_Accommodation_Standards_for_Hotel_in_the_Philippines? Department of Tourism. (n.d.). About DOT. Retrieved July 7, 2021, from The Department of Tourism: https://beta.tourism.gov.ph/aboutdot Department of Transportation. (n.d.). About DOTr. Retrieved July 14, 2021, from https://dotr.gov.ph/2014-09-02-05-01-41.html Duty Free Philippines Corporation. (n.d.). History. Retrieved July 14, 2021, from https://dutyfree.gov.ph/content/history Gordon, R., & Chatto, E. (2009, May 12). Republic Act No. 9593. Retrieved July 6, 2021, from Official Gazette: https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2009/05/12/republic-act-no-9593-s-2009/ Intramuros Administration. (n.d.). About the IA. Retrieved July 14, 2021, from https://intramuros.gov.ph/about-the-ia/ iVisa.com. (2021, Jun 26). History of nationalparks.ph. Retrieved July 14, 2021, from https://www.ivisa.com/visa-blog/history-of-nationalparks.ph National Commission for Culture and the Arts. (1987). History and mandate. Retrieved July 6, 2021, from NCCA: https://ncca.gov.ph/about-ncca- 3/history-and-mandate/ National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (n.d.). Mandate. Retrieved July 14, 2021, from https://nhcp.gov.ph/about-us/mandate/ Philippine Commission on Sports SCUBA Diving. (n.d.). About PCSSD. Retrieved July 14, 2021, from http://www.divephilippines.com.ph/about-pcssd/ Philippine National Police. (n.d.). About us. Retrieved July 14, 2021, from http://www.pnp.gov.ph/index.php/about-us Philippine Retirement Authority. (n.d.). Mandate, vision, and mission. Retrieved July 14, 2021, from https://pra.gov.ph/mandate-vision-and-mision/ Tourism Infrastructure and Enterprise Zone Authority. (n.d.). Mandate. Retrieved July 14, 2021, from https://tieza.gov.ph/mandate/ Tourism Promotions Board. (n.d.). About us. Retrieved July 14, 2021, from https://www.tpb.gov.ph/about/ Tuazon-Disimulacion, M. (2016). Principles of Tourism 2. Mandaluyong: Books Atbp. Publishing Corp. 01 Handout 1 *Property of STI  [email protected] Page 5 of 5