Medical Terminology in a Flash - Chapter 8 Respiratory System PDF

Chapter 8 Respiratory System Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Preface  This presentation is intended to be used after the chapter has been read.  It has been designed to encourage active learning. See...

Chapter 8 Respiratory System Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Preface  This presentation is intended to be used after the chapter has been read.  It has been designed to encourage active learning. See “Active Learning Instructions.”  It can also be used as a quiz, or it can be provided to students for use as a study guide. Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Active Learning Exercises 1. Each student needs three sheets of paper or one sheet cut into three pieces. We can use these for two separate activities. 2. Set a. Onup the one paper piece as follows: of paper, write in very large handwriting the letter A, and then turn it over and write the number 1. b. On the second piece, write the letter B on one side and the number 2 on the other side. c. On the last piece, write a C on one side and the number 3 on the other Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Active Learning Exercises (continued)  For the “Match the Term with Its Definition” and “Match the Combining Form with Its Definition” slides, all students will answer the question by holding up the letter that they think represents the correct definition.  The instructor can also reverse this activity. The students would instead answer by holding up the number that they think represents the Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Active Learning Instructions The fill-in-the-blank slides can be answered in a variety of ways. Here are a few suggestions: 1. Answers are written on small dry erase boards and held up in the air. This is less expensive if students are grouped. 2. Divide the large classroom board into sections. Group the students, line them up in relay fashion, and have them race to write answers on the board. Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Active Learning Instructions (continued_1) 3. Divide the class into teams. The first team to stand up and call out the correct answer gets a point. 4. SWAT! Divide into two teams. One player from each team holds a fly swatter or something similar. When a question is called out, the first person to land their swatter on the designated target gets the first chance to answer. The team with the correct answer gets a point, and then two new players get the swatters. Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Active Learning Instructions (continued_2) Here are suggestions on how to use the slides on pathology: 1. As a homework assignment, give each student a different pathology to research and present to the rest of the class. When the name of that pathology appears on the screen, the student stands and briefly states what he or she has discovered about the pathology. Pictures as well as links to informative videos or websites can be emailed to the instructor or can be posted on an online Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Active Learning Instructions (continued_3) 2. Go to the Davis Plus image ancillary and show the pictures. Ask the students to call out the name of the pathology. Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Structure and Function Terms  Upper Airway  Larynx  Nasopharynx  Lower Airway  Oropharynx  Lobes  Nares  Pleurae  Nasal Septum  Pleural Fluid  Hard Palate  Recoil  Sinus Cavities  Alveoli  Cilia  Inhalation  Epiglottis  pH Scale  Trachea  Exhalation Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Match the Term with Its Definition 1. __ Upper airway 2. __ Nasopharynx 3. __ Oropharynx A. The mouth, nose, sinuses, and pharynx B. Back of the mouth C. Back of the nose Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Match the Term with Its Definition (continued_1) 1. __ Nares 2. __ Nasal septum 3. __ Hard palate A. Nostrils B. Divides the nasal passages into left and right sides C. Divides the nasal cavity from the mouth Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Structure and Function (continued_1) Respiratory System Note the frontal sinus, epiglottis, trachea, and larynx. Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Match the Term with Its Definition (continued_2) 1. __ Sinus cavities 2. __ Cilia 3. __ Epiglottis A. Doorway to the trachea; a small flap of cartilage at the top of the esophagus that keeps food from entering the respiratory tract B. Air-filled spaces named maxillary, frontal, ethmoidal, and sphenoidal C. Tiny hairs within the nasal cavity Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Match the Term with Its Definition (continued_3) 1. __ Trachea 2. __ Larynx 3. __ Lower airway A. Vibrates to create sound when we talk B. The bronchi and lungs C. Separates the upper and lower airways Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Structure and Function (continued_2) Respiratory System Note the lungs, pleurae, and alveoli. Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Match the Term with Its Definition (continued_4) 1. __ Lobes 2. __ Pleurae 3. __ Pleural fluid A. Fluid between the visceral and parietal pleurae that acts as a sort of lubricant B. Membranes covering the lungs C. Division of the lungs; the right has three, and the left has two Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Match the Term with Its Definition (continued_5) 1. __ Recoil 2. __ Alveoli 3. __ Inhalation A. Microscopic-sized air sacs B. The elastic quality that allows the lungs to expand and contract C. Inspiration Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Match the Term with Its Definition (continued_6) 1. __ pH scale 2. __ Exhalation A. A tool for measuring the acidity or alkalinity of a substance; used to measure the acid base which ranges from 0 to 14 B. Expiration Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Combining Forms  aer/o  epiglott/o  alveol/o  laryng/o  anthrac/o  lob/o  bronch/o  muc/o  bronchi/o  nas/o  bronchiol/o  rhin/o  carcin/o  or/o  chondr/o  stomat/o   orth/o coni/o   ox/i diaphragmat/o Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Combining Forms (continued)  ox/o  pulmon/o  pharyng/o  sinus/o  phon/o  spir/o  pleur/o  thorac/o  pnea  tonsill/o  pneum/o  trache/o  pneumon/o Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Match the Combining Form with Its Definition 1. __ spir/o 2. __ rhin/o 3. __ ox/i A. Nose B. Breathing C. Oxygen Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Match the Combining Form with Its Definition (continued_1) 1. __ tonsill/o 2. __ phon/o 3. __ laryng/o A. Tonsil B. Larynx C. Sound, voice Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Match the Combining Form with Its Definition (continued_2) 1. __ pneum/o 2. __ coni/o 3. __ pharyng/o A. Lung, air B. Dust C. Pharynx Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Match the Combining Form with Its Definition (continued_3) 1. __ bronchiol/o 2. __ pulmon/o 3. __ carcin/o A. Cancer B. Bronchiole C. Lung Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Match the Combining Form with Its Definition (continued_4) 1. __ sinus/o 2. __ ox/o 3. __ pnea A. Oxygen B. Breathing C. Sinus Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Match the Combining Form with Its Definition (continued_5) 1. __ trache/o 2. __ stomat/o 3. __ bronch/o A. Bronchus B. Mouth, mouthlike opening C. Trachea Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Match the Combining Form with Its Definition (continued_6) 1. __ pleur/o 2. __ pneumon/o 3. __ alveol/o A. Lung, air B. Pleura C. Alveoli Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Match the Combining Form with Its Definition (continued_7) 1. __ aer/o 2. __ nas/o 3. __ muc/o A. Air B. Mucus C. Nose Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Match the Combining Form with Its Definition (continued_8) 1. __ or/o 2. __ lob/o 3. __ bronchi/o A. Mouth, mouthlike opening B. Lobe C. Bronchus Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Match the Combining Form with Its Definition (continued_9) 1. __ thorac/o 2. __ epiglott/o 3. __ diphragmat/o A. Diaphragm B. Thorax C. Epiglottis Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Match the Combining Form with Its Definition (continued_10) 1. __ chondr/o 2. __ anthrac/o 3. __ orth/o A. Coal, coal dust B. Straight C. Cartilage Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  What Is the Correct Term for Each Abbreviation? R _ VT _ UR I _ PFT _ ABGs ’ _ CXR _ CPR _ TB _ OSA _ SIDS _ PN D _ MDI _ SOB _ CPAP _ COPD _ AFB _ AR DS _ T&A _ stat _ VC _ Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  What Is the Correct Term for Each Abbreviation? (continued) CF _ PE _ RA _ CPT _ pH _ CO2 _ DOE _ PPD _ O2 _ Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Pathologies  acute bronchitis (ă-KŪT brŏng- KĪ-tĭs)  acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (ă-KŪT RĔS- pĭr-a-tor-ē dĭs- TRĔS SĬN-drōm)  allergic rhinitis (ă-LĔR-jĭk rī-NĪ-tĭs)  asbestosis (ăs-bĕ-STŌ-sĭs)  asthma (ĂZ-mă)  atelectasis (ăt-ĕ-LĔK-tă-sĭs)  cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) (KAR-dē-ō-pŭl- mō-nĕ-rē RĒ- su- sĭ-tā-shun) Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Pathologies (continued_1)  chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (KRŎN-ĭk ŏb- STRŬK-tĭv PŬL- mō- nĕ-rē dĭ-ZĒZ)  coal worker’s pneumoconiosis (CWP) (KŌL WER- kerz nū-mō-kō-nē- Ō-sĭs)  coryza (kŏ-RĪ-ză)  crackles (KRĂ-kuls)  croup (croop)  cystic fibrosis (CF) (SĬS-tĭk fī-BRŌ-sĭs)  deviated septum (DĒ-vē-ā-tĕd SĔP- tŭm) Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Pathologies (continued_2)  empyema (ĕm-pī-Ē-mă)  epistaxis (ĕp-ĭ-STĂK-sĭs)  hemoptysis (hē-MŎP-tĭ-sĭs)  hemothorax (hē-mō-THŌ-răks)  histoplasmosis (hĭs-tō-plăz-MŌ-sĭs)  hypercapnia (hī-pĕr-KĂP-nē-ă)  influenza (ĭn-floo-ĔN-ză)  laryngitis (lăr-ĭn-JĪ-tĭs) Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Pathologies (continued_3)  legionellosis (lē-jŭ-nĕ-LŌ-sĭs)  nasal polyps (NĀ-zul PŎL-ĭps)  obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) (ŏb-STRŬK-tĭv slēp ăp- NĒ-ă)  orthopnea (ōr-THŎP-nē-ă)  pharyngitis (făr-ĭn-JĪ-tĭs)  pleural effusion (PLOO-răl ĕ-FŪ- zhŭn)  pleurisy (PLOO-rĭs-ē)  pneumoconiosis (nū-mō-kō-nē- Ō-sĭs)  pneumonia (nū-MŌ-nē-ă) Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Pathologies (continued_4)  pneumothorax (nū-mō-THŌ-răks)  pulmonary embolism (PE) (PŬL-mō-nĕ-rē ĔM- bō-lĭ-zum)  pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) (PŬL-mō-nĕ-rē tū-bĕr-kū-LŌ-sĭs)  rhonchi (RŎNG-kī)  silicosis (sĭl-ĭ-KŌ-sĭs)  sinusitis (sī-nŭs-Ī-tĭs)  stridor (STRĪ-dōr)  upper respiratory infection (URI) (ŬP-ĕr RĔS-pĭr-a- tor-ē ĭn-FĔK- shŭn)  wheeze (hwēz) Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Common Diagnostic Tests and Procedures  Arterial blood gases (A BGs): ’ Measurement of O2 and CO2 levels and acid-base balance (pH balance) in arterial blood  Bronchoscopy: Visual examination of the airways of the lungs  Chest x-ray (CXR): Radiological picture of the lungs Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Common Diagnostic Tests and Procedures (continued_1)  Mantoux test: Intradermal injection of tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) just beneath the surface of the skin to identify whether the patient has been exposed to tuberculosis  Metered dose inhaler (M DI): Handheld device used to deliver medication to the patient’s lower airway Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  What Is the Name of the Diagnostic Test or Procedure? Intradermal injection of _ tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) just beneath the surface of the skin to identify whether the patient has been exposed to tuberculosis Measurement of O2 and C _ O2 levels and acid-base balance (pH balance) in arterial blood Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  What Is the Name of the Diagnostic Test or Procedure? (continued_1) Handheld device used to _ deliver medication to the patient’s lower airway Radiological picture of the _ lungs Visual examination of the _ airways of the lungs Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Common Diagnostic Tests and Procedures (continued_2)  Nebulizer: Device that produces a fine spray or mist to deliver medication to a patient’s deep airways  Pleurodesis: Infusion of a sterile, irritating substance into the pleural space, causing the pleural linings to fuse to one another by developing scar tissue Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Common Diagnostic Tests and Procedures (continued_3)  Postural drainage: Placement of the patient in various positions that facilitate drainage of secretions from the lungs, often done along with chest physiotherapy (CPT)  Pulmonary angiography: Radiographic examination of pulmonary circulation after injection of a contrast dye Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  What Is the Name of the Diagnostic Test or Procedure? (continued_2) Placement of the _ patient in various positions that facilitate drainage of secretions from the lungs, often done along with chest physiotherapy (C PT) Device that produces a _ fine spray or mist to deliver medication to a patient’s deep Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company airways  What Is the Name of the Diagnostic Test or Procedure? (continued_3) Radiographic _ examination of pulmonary circulation after injection of a contrast dye Infusion of a sterile, _ irritating substance into the pleural space, causing the pleural linings to fuse to one another by developing scar tissue Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Common Diagnostic Tests and Procedures (continued_4)  Pulmonary function tests (P F Ts): Group of tests that provide ’ information regarding lung capacity; sometimes called spirometry  Pulse oximetry: Indirect measurement of the saturation of peripheral oxygen (SpO2) to help determine if sufficient oxygen is being delivered to the body  Sputum analysis: Examination of mucus or fluid coughed up from the Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Common Diagnostic Tests and Procedures (continued_5)  Thoracentesis: Surgical puncture of the chest wall to remove fluid from the interpleural space; also called pleurocentesis  Vital capacity (VC): Measurement of the volume of air that can be exhaled after maximum inspiration Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  What Is the Name of the Diagnostic Test or Procedure? (continued_4) Surgical puncture of the _ chest wall to remove fluid from the interpleural space; also called pleurocentesis Measurement of the _ volume of air that can be exhaled after maximum inspiration Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  What Is the Name of the Diagnostic Test or Procedure? (continued_5) Group of tests that _ provide information regarding lung capacity; sometimes called spirometry Examination of mucus or _ _ fluid coughed up from the lungs Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  What Is the Name of the Diagnostic Test or Procedure? (continued_6) Indirect measurement of _ the saturation of peripheral oxygen (SpO2) to help determine if sufficient oxygen is being delivered to the body Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Pharmacology Therapeutic Classification Common Use Relaxes the smooth muscle of the Anticholinergic Bronchodilator bronchi Antihistamine Relieves allergy symptoms Relieves symptoms and reduce Anti-influenza Agent, the duration of certain types of Antiviral (not a vaccine) influenza Antitussive Suppresses cough Reduces swelling and drainage in Decongestant the nasal passage Relieves congestion by thinning Expectorant and loosening mucus in the airways Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  What Is the Therapeutic Classification? Therapeutic Classification Common Use _ Reduces swelling and drainage in the nasal passage _ Relieves allergy symptoms _ Relieves symptoms and reduce the duration of certain types of influenza _ Relaxes the smooth muscle of the bronchi _ Suppresses cough _ Relieves congestion by thinning and loosening mucus in the airways Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  Pharmacology (continued) Therapeutic Classification Common Use Leukotriene Inhibitor Prevents asthma attacks Dilates, or opens up, bronchi for Long-Acting Beta-Adrenergic long-term control of asthma Agonist Bronchodilator symptoms Mast Cell Stabilizer, Decreases inflammation, prevent Anti-inflammatory asthma attacks Dilates, or opens up, bronchi for Short-Acting Bronchodilator quick relief of acute asthma symptoms Prevents inflammation, prevents asthma attack, relieves nasal Steroid allergy symptoms, reduces nasal polyps Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company  What Is the Therapeutic Classification? (continued) Therapeutic Classification Common Use _ Prevents asthma attacks _ Dilates, or opens up, bronchi for quick relief of acute asthma symptoms _ Decreases inflammation, prevent asthma attacks _ Dilates, or opens up, bronchi for long-term control of asthma symptoms _ Prevents inflammation, prevents asthma attack, relieves nasal allergy symptoms, reduce nasal polyps Copyright ©2020 F.A. Davis Company