Lesson 2: The Self from a Sociological Perspective

Lesson 2: The Self from a Sociological 1 Perspective Presented by: SOLEDAD A. TAMBAOAN, LPT, MAED, CHRA UNDERSTANDING THE SELF - The Self from a Sociological Perspective 2...

Lesson 2: The Self from a Sociological 1 Perspective Presented by: SOLEDAD A. TAMBAOAN, LPT, MAED, CHRA UNDERSTANDING THE SELF - The Self from a Sociological Perspective 2 OBJECTVES At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:  Discuss the self from a sociological perspective;  Draw the implication of these sociological concepts to the development of the self. UNDERSTANDING THE SELF - The Self from a Sociological Perspective 3 SOCIALIZATION  It refers to the whole and lifetime process by which people learn the values, attitudes, and behaviors that are appropriate ad expected by their culture and community.  It is the process of internalizing the norms of society which influence one’s beliefs, actions, and behavior. UNDERSTANDING THE SELF - The Self from a Sociological Perspective  THE SELF ACCORDING TO 4 SOCIOLOGISTS GEORGE HERBERT MEAD (1863 – 1931)  He claimed that the self is not there at birth. This means that the self is not based on inherited traits and other biological factors. Rather, the self is developed over time from social experiences and activities. UNDERSTANDING THE SELF - The Self from a Sociological Perspective  THE SELF ACCORDING TO 5 SOCIOLOGISTS CHARLES COOLEY (1864 – 1929)  He explained how we develop our sense of self or self-image through his looking-glass self theory. Based on this theory, we learn to view ourselves as we think others view us. UNDERSTANDING THE SELF - The Self from a Sociological Perspective  THE SELF ACCORDING TO 6 SOCIOLOGISTS CHARLES COOLEY (1864 – 1929)  According to Cooley, there are three steps in the formation of the looking glass self:  We imagine how we appear to others.  We imagine how others judge our appearance.  We develop feelings about and responses to these judgments UNDERSTANDING THE SELF - The Self from a Sociological Perspective  THE UNIVERSALS AND VARIETY: 7 HALLMARKS OF ANTHROPOLOGY STRATIGRAPHIC APPROACH AND REDUCTIONISM  Anthropologists advised us to avoid two common pitfalls that must be avoided in our study of the self – stratigraphic approach and reductionism.  Stratigraphic approach. This is simply stacking independent models one after the other without interrelating them UNDERSTANDING THE SELF - The Self from a Sociological Perspective  THE UNIVERSALS AND VARIETY: 8 HALLMARKS OF ANTHROPOLOGY STRATIGRAPHIC APPROACH AND REDUCTIONISM  Reductionism. This happens when we attempt to interpret all observations by reducing them to a single level of analysis. UNDERSTANDING THE SELF - The Self from a Sociological Perspective  THE UNIVERSALS AND VARIETY: 9 HALLMARKS OF ANTHROPOLOGY UNDERSTANDING THE SELF AND CULTURE  Understanding the self from the anthropological point of view necessarily includes a study of culture.  Culture is the integrated system of learned patterns of behavior, ideas, and products characteristic of a society. UNDERSTANDING THE SELF - The Self from a Sociological Perspective  THE UNIVERSALS AND VARIETY: 10 HALLMARKS OF ANTHROPOLOGY TWO CONTRASTING MODELS OF THE SELF: EGOCENTRIC AND SOCIOCENTRIC  Egocentrism. It is the “natural tendency to view everything within the world in relation to oneself.”  Sociocentrism. It refers to the natural tendency to view everything within the world in relation to one’s group and so be group-centered. UNDERSTANDING THE SELF - The Self from a Sociological Perspective  THE UNIVERSALS AND VARIETY: 11 HALLMARKS OF ANTHROPOLOGY CULTURAL RELATIVISM, ETHNOCENTRISM, XENOCENTRISM  Cultural Relativism. It is the idea that a person’s beliefs, values, and practices should be understood based on that person’s own culture.  Ethnocentrism. It refers to the belief that one’s culture is superior to that of others.  Xenocentrism. It refers to the thinking that other’s culture is superior to one’s culture. UNDERSTANDING THE SELF - The Self from a Sociological Perspective