Enculturation and Socialization PDF

ENCULTURATION and SOCIALIZATION Self is a product of social process Self emerges from social interaction such as socialization and enculturation Socialization refers to a lifelong social experience by which people develop their human potential and learn culture. Agents of Socialization Fam...

ENCULTURATION and SOCIALIZATION Self is a product of social process Self emerges from social interaction such as socialization and enculturation Socialization refers to a lifelong social experience by which people develop their human potential and learn culture. Agents of Socialization Family School Church Agents of Socialization Friends Socio-civic Interest group group  Socialization Socialization generally refers to the process of social influence through which a person acquires the culture or subculture of his/her group, and in the course of acquiring these cultural elements, the individual's self and personality are shaped.  Socialization Socialization is very important to the life process of an individual because it enables a person to learn the different cultural languages, norms, values, and one's role in the society in order to fit in a group.  enculturation The process of learning with the help of which an individual grasps the rules, norms, and values of a particular culture or society of which he/she is a part of. It is a process of socialization to maintain the norms of one's heritage and culture, including the salient values, ideas, and concepts.  enculturation refers to the cultural transformation of an individual or a group to adapt according to another culture.  acculturation means the cultural contact and interchange process wherein a human being adopts, learns and adjust to some or great extent as per the values, rules, patterns and practices of a new or prevailing culture in the society, which is not their native culture.  acculturation is primarily found amongst the people who migrate from different countries, who try to incorporate the new culture in their lives. It takes place when people belong to different culture comes into contact with one another, wherein the people adopt traits of a new culture or take part in another culture.  Enculturation Acculturation Enculturation is the Acculturation refers to a culture learning process process of cultural learning wherein the members of a in which an individual particular cultural group get comes to know about influenced by another culture, the rules, values and by coming in contact with it behavioral patterns of and adopts it to some or great his/her own native extent. culture.  Enculturation Acculturation Enculturation is the first and foremost Acculturation is the introduction of a subsequent person to the culture, familiarization with which takes place just different cultures. after birth.  Enculturation Acculturation A person learns or One's culture is acquires one's own culture, to which subsumed by he/she belongs another culture.  three goals of socialization 1. Socialization teaches impulse control and helps individuals develop a conscience. 2. Socialization teaches individuals how to prepare for and perform certain social roles- occupational roles, gender roles, and the roles of institutions such as marriage and parenthood. 3. Socialization cultivates shared sources of meaning and value. People learn to identify what is important and valued within a particular culture.  AGENTS of socialization FAMILY The first agent of socialization Principal socializer of younger members of the family Teaches members how to behave in socially acceptable ways, develop emotional ties, and internalize values and norms.  AGENTS of socialization FAMILY Individuals share the patterns of the larger culture, but retain the unique values and behavioral traits learned from their families.  AGENTS of socialization SCHOOL Molds the beliefs, values, and attitudes of the students through various academic and social activities Equips students with skills that will enable them to fit into a larger society Teaches students to learn the value of self—improvement and hard work through classroom activities that give  AGENTS of socialization SCHOOL them opportunities to apply their knowledge and skills Serves as a latent function by socializing children's behavior and teaching them about citizenship and national pride  AGENTS of socialization MASS MEDIA Distribute information to a wide audience, via television, newspaper, radio and internet Characterized as non-proximate agents of socialization Enable people to learn about objects of material and nonmaterial culture  religion Exerts a great influence on a person's view; legitimizes social practices Provides stability to society and a source of social change Teaches participants how to interact with the religion's material culture Creates social solidarity in the society and a source of spiritual growth  government Ultimate source of authority Participates in socialization through the implementation of the laws of the country Regulates the behavior of its citizens using rewards and sanctions Promotes the general welfare of the people  Mead and The Development of the Social Mind (SELF) Self (according to George Herbert Mead) develops through social interactions. In the absence of social interactions, a person may develop as a biological entity, but he or she will be without the sociality that makes individuals full-pledged members of their society.  Mead and The Development of the Social Mind (SELF) Feral children - are human children who have lived away from human contact from a very young age, and have little or no experience of human care, loving or social behavior, and, crucially, of human language. Feral children are confined by humans (often parents), brought up by animals, or live in the wild in isolation.  4 Stage Process of the development of the self (according to Mead) 1. Imitation 2. Play (gain an understanding of the different social roles) 3. Game (organization and definite personalities start to emerge) 4. Generalized others  Identities and Identity Formation Identity formation - development of an individual's distinct personality. Individuals gain social identity and group identity by social affiliations. Self-concept is the sum of a being's knowledge and understanding of his or herself  Identities and Identity Formation Cultural identity is one's feeling of identity or affiliation with a group or culture. Ethnic identity is the identification with a certain ethnicity. National identity is an ethical and philosophical concept whereby all humans are divided into groups called nations.  Identities and Identity Formation Religious identity is the set of beliefs and practices generally held by an individual involving adherence to beliefs and rituals.  Status and Roles Status refers to a social position that a person holds. A person's status can either be ascribed (given) or achieved (accomplished). An ascribed status is a social position a person receives at birth or takes on involuntarily in life. (example: being a son, a Filipino, a teenager, and a widower)  Status and Roles An achieved status refers to a social position a person takes on voluntarily that reflects personal identity and effort. (example: honor student, boxing champion, nurse, software writer, thief). The term status set refers to all statuses a person holds at a given time.  Status and Roles Role refers to the behavior expected of someone who holds a particular status. A person holds a status and performs a role. (example: if you have the status of a student, you must perform the role of attending classes and completing requirements)  Status and Roles Role set refers to a number of roles attached to a single status Role strain — conflict among the roles connected to two or more statuses. THANK YOU!