Introduction to Neurological Content FPP1 PTY-10086 AY24-25 PDF

Introduction to FPP1 neurological Content FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSIOTHERAPY PRACTICE 1 DR BADRIEH AL ABBAD AND RACHEL RUTLEY Please sign in via the Keele app Overview Develop a basic understanding of the following topics......neurology...central and peripheral nervous systems..basic structure of the...

Introduction to FPP1 neurological Content FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSIOTHERAPY PRACTICE 1 DR BADRIEH AL ABBAD AND RACHEL RUTLEY Please sign in via the Keele app Overview Develop a basic understanding of the following topics......neurology...central and peripheral nervous systems..basic structure of the brain...basic structure of the spinal cord..the type of problems people experience following damage to the neurological system..the content for this section of the module What is neurology? Function: what do you think our brains do? https://www.menti.com/alr 7cswody7k What is Neurology? What functions do our brains perform? Activates our muscles: Organises our muscles: motor control Feels what is going on: sensation Identifies where we are in space Plans movement: pre-movement planning and organisation Has a representation of how we are organised: body schema AND MANY MORE FUNCTIONS What makes up the nervous system? KEY: Central Nervous System (CNS) Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)  Central nervous system Contains the majority of the nervous system and consists of the brain and the spinal cord. Protection: The brain is protected by the skull, while the spinal cord is protected by the vertebrae. The CNS is enclosed by a protective covering known as the meningeal layer (meninges). The Main Lobes & Sulci Tortora & Derrickson 2017 Figure 14.11 The main components of the brain 1. Brain Stem Medulla oblongata Pons Midbrain 2. Cerebellum 3. Diencephalon (Thalamus) 4. Cerebral hemisphere  Transmission of information to & from brain via pathways Reflex movement Spinal Local control of movement Cord Cerebral Initiation & control of movement, Cortex interpretation of sensation thought & (cerebrum, emotion (higher function) & thalamus, homeostasis hypothalamu s) CNS Midbrain: regulation of some sensation, control of movement (substancia nigra), pleasure Mid & Hind Brain Pons & Reticular Formation: initial Brain processing of sensation Medulla: Basic life functions (heart, lung, blood vessels) Cerebellum Fine tuning of movement, balance, co- ordination Neural cells There are two types of neural tissue in the CNS & PNS: guiding growth & aid conduction, e.g. Schwann Cells (PNS) Neuroglia – support, protection, phagocytic action, Oligodendrocytes (CNS) Neuron – information transmission through CNS & PNS via generation & propagation of action potentials (more later!) Structure of neurones Cell body (soma) Dendrite Axon Myelin sheath: Schwann cells (PNS) Oligodendrocytes (CNS) At regular intervals along the axon there are: Nodes of Ranvier: These are important in the propagation of the nerve impulse: ‘signal boosters' A typical neuron (PNS) Peripheral nervous system The PNS = all the nervous tissue outside the CNS The main function of the PNS is to connect the CNS to the limbs and organs. Unlike the central nervous system, the PNS is not protected by bone or by the blood brain barrier, leaving it exposed to toxins and mechanical injuries The peripheral nervous system is divided into the somatic nervous system, the autonomic nervous system and the enteric nervous system. (YOUR DEGREE WILL MAINLY FOCUS ON THE SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM) Peripheral nervous system Deal with two type of axons: Afferent (or sensory) axons carry information into the CNS (e.g., when the hand touches an object) Efferent (or motor) axons carry the information away from the CNS to the muscles (e.g., to initiate a motor response) Sensory Areas Figure 14.15 Tortora & Derrickson 2014 The Sensory Homuncul us 20 amazing facts about our brains... https://www.msn.com/en-g b/health/mindandbody/20- amazing-facts-about-the-h uman-brain/ss-BB1pRpIg?o cid=socialshare&pc=U531 &cvid=bc250a81f6e74dbd 81f04fe31865ec24&ei=16 #image=1 Some teaching & learning points to highlight....  Threshold Concepts Highlight the structure of the spiral curriculum Each year has content for essential core topics that is built upon as the course progresses Initial concepts Applied concepts Enhanced concepts Feedback slide Think about the feedback you received today during the session from the academic staff member and your peers. Was the feedback about your handling, clinical reasoning, professionalism, treatment planning, communication or something else? How do you need to action this feedback? Make an action plan which is specific to you to take into account the feedback. Neuro teaching... We have provided workbooks for you to use to check your learning as you progress through the teaching content We will build on the shared components of this module, such as the basics of assessment that are shared between the specialities Workbooks... The FPP1 workbook is designed to guide your learning and to reinforce the theory and practical components of the module. Parts of the workbook will be assessed which has weighting of 20%, so it is essential that you complete the workbook for the assessment as well as to help with your learning and revision. To complete the workbook, use textbooks (see reading list on KLE), teaching resources, internet resources and each other for the answers. It is recommended that you complete the workbook with your peers. You can seek tutorial help from the relevant teams if you are struggling. Directed study.. Directed Study is timetabled into your calendar. When half of your cohort are in practical sessions the other groups are expected to complete these directed study packages, and then vice versa. We have included tasks such as reading a research paper...if you do not know how to find this, let us know or better...ask in the library Practical sessions... Please attend all your sessions If you need to miss sessions, aim to catch up on the content Make time to practice the tasks that you learn in your own time Refer to the videos to support your learning of the practical tasks (links are on the slides & the videos are on propanto on Practice Education for Occupational Therapis the (KLE) ts and Physiotherapists - University Of Worc ester Questions? Thank you Keele University Newcastle-under-Lyme Staffordshire ST5 5BG +44 (0)1782 732000