History, Trends, and Innovations of Print Media PDF

MMSU MARIANO MARCOS / STATF, UNIVERSIfi HistorY, Trends and lnnovations of Print Media History, Trends and lnnovations of print iiedia t. Print Media and its definition a One of the oldest and basic forms of communication....

MMSU MARIANO MARCOS / STATF, UNIVERSIfi HistorY, Trends and lnnovations of Print Media History, Trends and lnnovations of print iiedia t. Print Media and its definition a One of the oldest and basic forms of communication. b It.is a process of using ink on.paper to show us images and text by using a printing press c. The word 'print' connotes written by machine andihe term ,media, illustrates miooe or communication. Thus, print media has been imparting knowledge and intormation-to a strictly targeted huge mass. d lncludes those media of communication which are controlled by space rather than time. It can be read at any available time and can be kept for record. !t Types of Print Media a Newspaper- one of the most important and effective print media of mass communication. ll was first published in Germany and later spread its ioots to the rest of the world. b. Magazines- another important print medium of mass communication. lt is the predecessor of the daily newspaper. c Books- oldest form of print media that are used as a way of communication and information piece. Books, from their beginning, have demonstrated their capacity to oinJ traditional E;iril;;.societies together and to give rise to new and sometimeJ thought pattems. d Newsletter- a publication that mosfly. covers one main topic. Newsleflers are generally used as information sources for neighborhood, communities, and groups h;;i";;; interest about that particular topic, or event. e Bannerc- are made of cloth, or paper and are used to show slogans, logos, or some messages. t Billboards- have mostly become digital, but they quarify under the category of print media afrer all, the advertisements are printed on ttre bittUoarO. E Brochure also known as pamphlet, is a kind of booklet that contains the details of the company, or organization. Brochures generally consist of two or three folds of glossy and colorful sheets with some nice presentation. h Flyers- small organizations mostiy find it very useful and can help in generating business. Flyers can be distributed in exhibitions, or can be put on walls ot coiieges inE schools, depending on whal kind of audience an organization is looking for. ilt. Functaons of Print r lnformation- 'f,edia print media is at the forefront of disseminating information.. Entertainment- print media maintain a niche in the world of enterlainment. Also, severar readers buy printed newspapers just for the purpose of catctrin! up with featured sports stories. o Advertising- print media has rong been used for rhe purpose of advertising, which simpry means to inform by passing information about products ant services from the manufacturers to intended consumers. o Persuasion- the type of change it effects can arso be used to ca peopre to action. Many controversiar topics have been put across subfly using the print media, and the resutts are usually long-lasting and efective.  tv lmportance of Pdnt Medaa. lt can be targeted. lt can create credibility. lt can create engagement. It can be kept. lt c€n link to digital campaigns v Consider the Advantages. Print media has long enjoyed credibility.. Print media enables small business owners to craft a message with staying power. o Print media enjoys high recall. vt. Consider the Drawbacks o Print media faces fierce competition, undermining the dominance it enjoyed in the past. r Print media continues to endure potentially long lead times. o Print media, and especialy direct mair, often requires munipre exposures before consumers act. Vn. History of Print iredia (Woddl 3000 BC and rlier The Mesopotamians use round cyrinder sears for ro[ing an impress of images onto cray tablets. ln other early societies in china and Egypt, small stam-ps are used - to prlniin.rotn. Second centurv AD A Chinese man named Ts'ai Lun is credited with inventing paper. 600 AD Tan q Dyn astv. wT9!199! printing and the ordest known surviving work in a woodbrock is a Buddhist. scripture of 684 AD exhibited in a calligraphy museum ln T6kyo. Eleventh centurv A chinese man named. pi-s-heng dev€rops type characters from hardened cray, creating the first movable type. The fairly soft malerial nahp6is tne success of this technology.'' - Twe rfth cenfury Papermaking reaches Europe. Thirteenth centurv Type characrers cast from.metar (bronze) are developed in china, Japan and Korea. Jh: 9l99st known book printed using metat typs dates back to the year irzi. tt ii r'Kor"an - Buddhist document, called selected reachingi of Buddhist sages s"on naasters. Fifteenth centurv "na The oldest known European specimen dates from the beginning of the 1sth century. Woodcut is a.relief printing technique in which text and images are carved into the surface of a block of wood. ln 1436 Johannes Gutenberg b.egin: wot on a printing press. rt was a wooden press which uses movable metat type. He prinied the bible in i+s0 i-n'Latin tanguage pages. tla rzaz "no ln 1465 the first drypoint engravings are created by the Housebook Master, a south ^ artist. Drypoint is a technique in wnich an image is incised into a (coppeii ptate wim 9"ry"1 hard-pointed 'needle' of sharp metal or a diamond pointl a ln 1476 William Caxton buys equipment frbm the Netherlands and establishes the first printing press in England at Westminster.  S nth century ln 1507 Lucas cranach invents the chiaroscuro woodcut, a technique in which drawings are reproduced using two or more blocks printed in different colors. Seventeenth c enturv Plantin is also the first to print a facsimile. A facsimile is a reproduction of an old book, manuscript, map, art print or other item that is as true to the original source as possioie. !1 P]is, the tmprimerie Royare du Louvre is estabtished in 1646 d the in.iigrti;n ; R;n"ri"r. The first book that is published is'De lmitatione Christi' (The lmitation of inrisr), a wiaely reaO catholic christian spiritual book that was first published in Latin around 1418. ln 1642 Ludwig von siegen invents mezzotint, a technique to reproduce halftones by roughening coqper plate with thousands of little dots made bf a metal tool with small ? teeth, called Tocker'. The tiny pits in the plate hold the ink when the fice of the plate ir *ip"J The first American paper mill is established in 1690. "r".n. Eiqhteenth cenfurv ln 17'10 the German painter and engraver Jakob christof Le Blon produces the first engraving in several colors. He uses the mezzotint method to engrave three metal plates. This technique helped form the foundation for modem color printing. caslon Pro Regular The Genfleman's Magazine is puElished for the first time in 173,t. lt.is generally considered to be the first general interest magazine. The publication runs unintenu pted unlil 1 922. Jn 1732 Benjamin Franklin establishes his own printing office and becomes the publisher of the Pennsylvania Gazette. Among his publications pooi Richard,s Almanac becomes the most famous. Alois senefelder invents lithography in 1796 and uses it as a low-cost method for printing theatrical works. ln a more refined form lithography is still the dominani printing technique today. Nineteenth centurv ln 1800 charles stanhope, the third Earl stanhope, builds the first press which has an iron frame instead of a wooden one. ln 1837 Godefroy Engelmann is awarded a patent on chromolithography, a method for printing in color using lithography. chromolithographs or chromos are main-ly used to reproduce paintings. The lllustrated London News is the world's first illustrated weekly newspaper. lt costs five pence in 1842. _.. , The Czech painter Karel Klid invents photogravure in 1878. This process can be used to faithfully reproduce the detail and continuous tones of photographs. ln 1890 Bibby, Baron and sons build the first flexogriphic press. This type of press uses the relief on a rubber printing plate to hold the image that needs io be printed. Because the ink that is used in that first flexo press smears easily, the device becomes known as Bibby,s Folly. Twentieth cenfury ln 1907 the Englishman Samuel Simon is awarded a patent for the process of using silk fabric as a printing screen. ln 1915 Hallmark, founded in 1910, creates its first Christmas card. lt is during this same era that magazines such as the National Geographic Magazine (1eBB), Life (1883, b-ut focusing on photojournalism from 1936), Time (1923), vogue (1892) and rhe Reader,s Digest (19201 starting reaching millions of readers. ln 1938 xerography, a dry photocopying technique is invented by chester carrson. ln 1967 the lsBN or lnternational standard Book Number siarted. This is a unique numeric identifier for commercial books.  The first laser printens, such as the IBM 3900 and xerox g7oo, hit the market in 197s. They are prohibitively expensive bui_useful for applications such as cheque printing. Desktop publishing takes off in 19g5. The combination of the Apite MacintJsh computer,. printers and imagesetters powered by Adobe postscript and the layout application Aldus PageMaker makes publishing more affordable At drupa 1986 MAN Roland Druckmaschinen AG introduces its LITHOMAN commercial web offset printing press. Polar show off the poLAR compucut, a system for computer_assisted, exlernal gen-eration of cutting programs with automatic transfer to the cutting machine. The Xerox Docutech, launched in 1990, combines a 'l3s page-per-ininute black & white xerographic print engine with a scanner and finisher modules. In 1992 Australia is the first country to use polymer banknotes for general circulation. Digital prhting takes off in 1993 with the introduction of the Indigo E-print i oo and Xeikon DCp- Twentv-ftrst centurv.,_. ^ Ofiset presses still evolve incrementally. Two prime examples are the introduc{ion of the KBA cortina, a waterless web press for newspapers and semi-commercials, in 2ooo and that of the giant Goss Sunday 5OOO, the world,s first 96-page web press, in 2OOg. One area of the market that evolves quickly is that of large format inkjet presses for the gigrlq-qsplav market. rnkiet te9llgrosv atso ilarts making inroais in ttre paciaging inor"try. nt the 2016 edition of drupa the EFI Nozomi cl8ooo, Hp pagewide csoo a;d ouri ino 130 Spc are all presses optimized for printing on corrugated packaging board. VIII. NEWSPAPER a. Historv (Philiooinesl SPANISH ERA o 181{- Der superior Govierno- first phirippine newspaper pubrished with the Governor General himself as editor. Contents were news from Spain. r 1846- La Esperanza- first daily newspaper. Contents were aLout religion, science and history. 18',{. Diario de Manila- best edited newspaper which suppressed by the Governor Generar alegedry for inciting the Firipinos to reber against the Spaniards. o 1889' La Solidaridad- mouthpiece of the revolulion and its first editor was Graciano Lopez Jaena and succeeded by Marcelo H. Del pilar o 1893- El llocano- first local publication. 1893- El Hogar- first publication for and by women o 1898'Kalayaan- oflicial organ of the revolutionaries and La lndependencia- widely read newspaper of the revolution AMERICAN ERA o1898- The Manila Times, The Bounding Willow and OfEcial Gazette o1900- iranila Daily Bulletin.1908- Philippine Free Press o1920- Philippine Herald JAPANESE ERA oullwl- all publications except those used by rhe Japanese were disbanded. Only the Manila Tribune, Taliba and La Vanguardia were allowed to publish under regular censorship by the Japanese lmperial Army MARTIAL LAW o1952- National Press Club was organized r'l9Of- The Philippine press lnstitute. 1972- tlartial Law tookover and controlled al privately owned newspapers ' Pre- Martiar Law' Dairy Express and Buretin r6oay were allowed to re-open luaniia ii,h"ii"r o Times Journal- allowed to open one month after the proclamation o 1980's' anernative press emerged; handfur of tabroid newspapers detied the government instructions on how to handle news stories TODAY 'r4 dairy broadsheets ' broadsheets and 19 tabroids in Metro Manira; two Tagarog are Kabayan and Numero uno wnire Engrish broadih""t"r iianila Bu,etin, phitippine Daity tnqua,er and phili-ppine SG;; i;;i"d; "rE include Abante and people,s Jouinal There are also five broadsheets in Binondo Universal Daily News, China Times, World News, United Dai ly News and Chinese Commercial News Accordi ng to Philippine Media Factbook there are 408 provincial publicalions, 30 daily and 292 weekly and the rest monthl y or quarterly b. Ex N ewspa Philiooin esl Broadsheets- Business Mirror, Business World Chinese Commercial News, Malaya, Manila Bulletin, Manila Shimbun, Manila Standard, Manila Bulletin, Philip pine Daily lnquirer, The Dail y Tribune, The Manila Times, The Market Monitor, Th e Philippine Star, United Daity News, United News, World News. Tabloids- Abante, Abante. Tonite, Agila ng Bayan, Bagong Sagad Ngayon,_Bagong Toro, Bandera, Blstado, Bulg'ar, Diaryo eo-rOi Kadyot, People,s Joumal,pilipino Mirror, pilipiio Star N'gayon, i"ii*,. Regional l{ewspapers- Bicot Mail, Vox Biiol, ttueve Ecila ieil;-"' iorri, Negros Chronicle, The^Bohot Standard, Baguio Midland borri"i, fn" 6arao Today, Minda News, Samar News, Southjrn leyte fimes, itri, 1n"". Times, Kagay-an, panay News, Visayan Daily Siar, O"ifV 'Oip"Lg""r, Mindanao Examiner tx BOOKS a. Historv o 3500 BC - Symbols onto Tablets o 2400 BC - papyrus Scrolls o 600 BC - Standardised writing system developed o 500 - 200 BC - parchment. 200 BC - Wax Tablets developed o 105 AD - The paper Revolution r 400 - 600 AD - lllustrations added o 868 AD - The First printed Book o 1O41 - 230 AD - The First Movable Type.t o 1455 - The Guttenburg Bible. 1490 - 1S00 -The printing Revolution. 1832 to 1860- Birth of the ,'cheap,' Novel o 1920 - 1938 - The fall and rise of the paperback r 1933 Nazis begin burning books o 1935 - 1945 AD - The March ofthe penguin o '1971- The first microprocessor invented o 1989 - lnternet and HTML anive for public use. 1995 - Books sold Online o 1996 - Google is Bom o 2000 - 2006 AD The start ofthe e-books Market o 2014 and Beyond b. Existino Boo {Ph iliooines) rt Noli Me T6ngere by Dr. Jose Rizal a El Filibusterismo by Dr. Jose Rizal a Florante at Laura by Francisco Balagtas a Mga lbong Mandaragit by Amado V. Hernandez a The Woman Who Had Two Navels by Nick Joaquin t Po-on A Novel by F. Sionil Jose a Banaag at Sikat by Lope K. Santos a llustrado by Miguel Syjuco a Dekada '70 by Lualhati Bautista a Smaller and Smaller Circles by F.H. Batacan a ABNKKBSNPLAko?! by Bob Ong x. }IAGAZINES a. Ei*qr o ln 1663, German theologian and poet Johann Rist created a periodical called Erbauliche Monaths-Unterredungen ("Edifying Monthly Discussions"). o ln 1672, the first "periodical of amusement" was published. Le Mercure Galant (later called Mercure de France), was created by French writer and playwrlght Jean Donneau de Viz6.. English prinlers produced three essay periodicals that set the stage for modem magazines: Daniel Defoe's The Review (published 1704-13); Sir Richard Steele's The Tatler (published 1709-1'l); and Addison and Steele's The Speclator (published 1711-12). o ln 1731, an Englishman named Edward Cave published a periodical called The Gentleman's Magazine. He invented the word 'magazine" from the Arabic word makhazin, which meant storehouse. o ln 1842, British newsagent Herbert lngram created the first illustrated magazine. o ln 1888, National Geographic Magazine was founded. o ln 1922, \Mlliam Roy DeWitt Wallace founded Readeds Digest. o Better Homes and Gardens, now the fifth largest magazine in America, was founded in 1923.. America's first weekly news magazine was founded in 1923. o ln 1933, the first men's magazine was published in America.. ln 1944, Seventeen magazine was founded. b. Existinq Maoazines (Philippines). Candy Magazine, Cosmopolitan Philippines, Yummy, Preview, K-Zone Magagone, Cuttural Clash Comics xt. Trcnds in Prlnt tedia a. Newpapers o Trcnd #1: Changing Formals- the intemet happened. As news became increasingly available online and through a wide range of sources,  newspaper readers took to their tablets, phones, and computers to access what previously was only available in a printed newspaper. r Trend # 2: Changing Sources- mobile devices like smartphones and tablets are quickly becoming the prefened method for getting news online, enabling consumers of news to acc€ss their favorite sources anywhere, anytime.. Trend # 3: Changing Demographics- kaditionally, print newspaper readers have tended to be older, mole afiluent, and more educated than non-newspaper readers. That remains true around the globe for education and income levels even when looking at use of digital news sources. With the advent of digital news media, however, digital news consumption is preferred, worldwide, by younger readers. o Trend # 4: Changing Financial Models- newspapers traditionally have generated the bulk of their revenue from advertising, with subscriptions accounting for only a small frac{ion of overall revenues. However, in today's digital world, adverlisers are more likely to place ads on social media sites than in digital newspapers. So newspapers, in order to fund their operations, are having to look at adapting subscription models to the digital world. o Trend # 5: Changing Reporting- news is increasingly coming from wire services like the AP, so that the same stories may appear in muhiple newspaper outlets on and ofiline. o Trend # 6: Joint Operating Agreements- as readership began to decline in the 1 970s and newspapers began experiencing greater competition within individual cities, Congress issued lhe Newspaper Preservation Act authorizing the structure ofjoint operating agreements (JOAs). b. Books. Anxiety / Finding Happiness o Honor Sales at Four-Year High o Rise ofthe lndependent Bookstore. lncreased Collaboralion Between the Comic & Gaming lndustries. Soaring Popularity for Political Books. Poetry in the Uniled Kingdom STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering & Math) c. illagazines. Covers like movie trailers. Free form navigation. Hidden depth of content. Graphics & visualisations o Animations. Tac'tile activities o Web integration o Reader interaction & sharing. Native style ads Xll. Popular Newspapens, Best selling books and magazines NEWSPAPERS a.The Guardian (UK) It was previously known as The Manchester Guardian, which was founded in 1821 by the head of e group of businessmen, John Edward Taylor. lt works around the saying "comment is free but facts are sacred.'The Guardian is the widely read and respectable newspaper globally. lt is the web's top source for daily news. b. The New York Times (USA) The New York Times has become one of the most read and famous newspapers in the world since 1851. lt gives you world-class news and media content online. Moreover, it remains the most trusted source for news worldwide. Its motto is printed on the upper left comer, "All the news that fits to print." c. Wall Street Joumal (USA) It is the most widely distributed newspaper in the USA. lt distributes more than 2.'l million newspapers daily. lt was founded by Charles Dow, Charles Bergstresser and Edward Jones in 1889. lt has over 400,000 paid subscriptions only for its online content. lf you want ne\i\rs especially on financial markets and Wall Skeet, then you must subscribe to it. A number one option for business experts. d. The Washington Post (USA) This is th6 oldest and graatest nawspaper of Washington D.C. which was founded by Stilson Hutchins in 1877. Over the years, it has been transformed into 10 local news sections to deliver a large coverage of community news and ac{ivities. The current slogan of this most read and famous newspaper in the world is 'Democracy dies in Darkness.' e. China Daily (China) China Daily is an English language newspaper which provides daily reports. lt was founded in 1981. The newspaper is published from Monday to Saturday wilh over 500,000 circulations. lt is the only biggest print circulation English newspaper in China. This most read and famous newspaper in the world covers news from all topics like national, intemational, sports, politics, etc. f. Dawn (Pakistan) Oawn newspaper was founded by Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah in 1941. This most read and famous naivspaper in the world covers news from various topics nationally and intemationally. lt is the most widely read and oldesl English newspaper in Pakistan. g. The Times of lndia (lndial It is an lndian English newspaper founded in 1838. According to the Audit Bureau of Circulations, it is the fourth largest newspaper in lndia and the largest selling English daily in the world. The Times of lndia is owned by Bennett, Coleman and Co. Ltd, which is owned by the Sahu Jain family. h. The Sydney tloming Herald (Australia) This newspaper was founded in 1831 which was previously known as the Sydney Herald. lt is one of the oldest newspaper of Australia founded by Frederick Stokes, Wlliam Mccarvie, and Ward Stephens. The Sydney Morning Herald is published six days a week, which covers news from all fields. BOOKS a. A Tale of Two Cities(2oo million copies sold) by Charles Dickens b. The Lord of the Rings(150 million copies sold) by J.R.R. Tolkien c. The Liule Pnnce (142 million copies sold) by Antoine de Saint-Exupery d. Harry Potter and the Sorcere/s Stone (107 million copies sotd) by J.K. Rowling e. And Then There Were None ('100 million copies sold) by Agatha Christie f. The Dream of the Red Chamber (100 million copies sold) by Cao Xueqin g. The Hobbit (100 million copies sold) by J.R.R. Tolkien h. She: A History of Adventure (100 million copies sold) by H. Rider Haggard i. The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe (85 million copies sold) by C.S. Lewis.i. The Da Vinci Cod6 (80 million copies sold) by Dan Brown k. Think and Grow Rich(7o million copies sold) by Napoleon Hill l. Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (65 million copies sold) by J.K. Rowling m. Thc Catcher in the Rye(65 million copies sold) by J.D. Salinger n. The Alchemist (65 million copies sold) by Paulo Coelho MAGAZINES a The Watchtower is a religious magazine published by Jehovah's Witnesses, with around 59 million copies being circulated per bimonthly run. The Watchtower is actually considered the companion magazine to Awake!, and its reach is a little longer than its sister. How are they aclually difierent? To begin with, Awake!'s subject matter doesn't always have to do with religion, there are frequent discussions of subjec{s like nature and health. b Awake! is a bi-monthly religious magazine published by Jehovah's Witnesses, and it is the second most widely circulated magazine in the entire world. c AAARP The Magazine is sent on a bi-monthly basis to every single member of the AARP. Their content primarily focuses on health and age.related topics, and it often features interviews from older celebrities. d Gamo lnfiormer is the most popular video game magazine in the world and its popularity has exploded as the game industry has done the same. e Better Homes & Gardens is, objectively, the most popular home economics magazines in the world. Better Homes & Gardens writes a little bit about cooking and dieting, but the bulk of its content has to do with interior decorating, enlertaining, and crafting. f Reade/s Digest is somewhat unique in that it is written to appeal to a much more broad audience. Reade/s Digestis a general interest, family-friendly magazine that is read all over the world. s Good Housekeeping focuses on health, food, and fashion-related content. However, they have differentiated themselves by also publishing a lot of literary articles, as well. h Nauonal Geographic isn't hugely popular in the United States, it is a global superpower. This magazine contains content that is typically more academic in nature, featuring articles that relate to science, history, and nature. Family Circle is an American magazine that specializes in topics pertaining to home economics and women's interests. People is well-known for publishing celebrily news and gossip, and it is also fairly well-known for its special 'Sexiest Man Alive' and "Sexiest Woman Alive' issues, which are released on a yearly basis. Xlll. lnnovations of Print iiedia a. ewspapots o Nanotechnorogy for printing- the resuhs are prinrs in extremery bright colors that manage to combine the flexibirity of digitar printing rowir costs and shorler set-up times - - while maintaining the quality of offset prinfing r water'based prinung- possibre to print on rigid media while mairitaining superb color brightness.. lrultisensory- a Newspaper that smells of coffee, making you want to buy that coffee and drink it, armost instanfly. A coupon or a gift voucher attached that might have lured you to go to the store right away jnd claim your gift. A shampoo sachet or a moisturizer sachet that you found glued to the newspaper, inviting you to use it immediately. o Tata Tiago- Virtual Reality Test Drive in Newspaper- a Dly cardboard Virtual Reality Headset stuck to the print ad_ Readers with smartphones could assemble the headset, following printed instructions. o HelpAge lndia- Cataract Awareness and Donation for the Aged- a leaflet was inserted in the newspapers. A transluc€nt paper was stuck to it. Readers were urged to view the image of an old person through the translucent paper enabling them to expedence the pain of cataract sufierers. b. Magazines o A wifi hotspot in a print magazine- Microsofl installed a fully functional (if stripped down) T-Mobile router in a cardboard inserl in lhe 6 May 2013 edition of Forbes. The mini-router turned the print publicalion into a portable hotspot for up to five devices for two weeks. The device operated for three hours before needing to be recharged.. A magazine cover that plays music- Billboard cover was enabled with Near Field Communication (NFC) stickers behind the cover so that all readers had to do was put their smartphone on the cover and they were instantly listening to a playlist of the fealured artists. e Try difiercnt mobile designs via a print page- Motorola offered - potential customers of its Moto X cell phone the opportunity to try different color combinations and see all of the options right before their eyes... in a print ad! The ad allowed readers to customize the Moto phone in 11 different colours, by tapping different keys to try out different looks. o Charge your mobile...fiom a (solar!) print ad-Nivea, the skin proteclion company created an ad in the Brazilian magazine, Veja Rio, featuring an ultra-thin solar panel and USB phone plug. c. Books. BookShots- brain child of bestselling author James Patterson, Bookshots is one of the latest literary inventions setling readers everywhere a-buzzing. o Book Vending Machines- Richard Carlile invented the first book dispensing machine in 1822. o Litlle Free Library- "Take a book, return a book" is the basic principle behind the Little Free Library organization, and anyone c:ln participate.  Book-scented Anything- from book-scented candles by companies like Frostbeard Studio andHearth & Hammer, to Wallpaper'magazine's perfume that will leave you smelling like a freshly printed book all day long. The Plantable Book- printed with ecc.friendly ink on acid-free paper filled with jacaranda tree seeds. Bed Prism Spectacles- for anyone who has ever struggled to read their favorite books in horizontal, pillow-encased comfort without all that pesky arm and shoulder strain from holding your book overhead these specs were designed with you in mind. The Point And Click Dictionary- the pocket sized scanner, complete wilh a flip up camera, instantly looks up and defines any word. Bookcrossing.com- the site invites readers to register their discarded books, label each title with a unique BookCrossing lD, and then leave the book somewhere for future readers to find. a Ultimate Book Stand- can set this anywhere and read away, keeping your hands free to do whatever it is they've always wanted to do. The Espresso Book Machine- the Espresso Book Machine prints books in minutes, and the best part is that you can watch the entire process from b€ginning to end.