Experiment 3: Basic Actions or Effects of Drug PDF

Experiment 3asic actions or eBasic actions or effects of drug Min Jiang Basic action ： Excitation, Inhibition Local effects, General effects Therapeutic effects Adverse reactions Procaine ： LOCAL ANESTHETICS block nerve conduction of sensory impul...

Experiment 3asic actions or eBasic actions or effects of drug Min Jiang Basic action ： Excitation, Inhibition Local effects, General effects Therapeutic effects Adverse reactions Procaine ： LOCAL ANESTHETICS block nerve conduction of sensory impulses-pain inhibition Administration routes: topical administration, infiltration, peripheral nerve blocks, neuraxial (spinal, epidural, or caudal) Procaine Toxicity: CNS symptoms :either excitation(convulsion) or depression Cardiovascular system: Allergic reaction: Treatment: airway management, support of breathing and circulation, convulsion suppression (treatment: i.v diazepam/pentobarbital) cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Pentobarbital ： Sedative- hypnotics block nerve conduction of sensory impulses--pain inhibition Clinical uses: Sedative and hypnotic, Anticonvulsant & antiepileptic, Anesthesia and pre-anesthesia medication  Procedures ： 1. Preparation of the Animal: o Gently handle the rabbit to minimize stress. o Place the rabbit in a prone position on a soft, non-slip mat. o Observe the rabbit's normal behavior and movement to establish a baseline. 2. Locating the Sciatic Nerve: o Identify the ischial tuberosity, a bony protrusion at the base of the tail. o Feel for the greater trochanter, a bony landmark on the top of the thigh bone. o The sciatic nerve is located in the depression, or "notch," between these two landmarks.  Procedures ： 3. Preparation for Injection: o Clean the area with an alcohol wipe and allow it to dry. o Draw up 1 ml/kg of the 2% procaine solution into a 5 mL syringe. 4. Administering Local Anesthetic: o Hold the rabbit's leg steady to keep the area still. o Insert the needle at a 30-degree angle into the notch, aiming towards the tail. o Slowly inject the procaine solution over 30 seconds, ensuring the needle does not move. Procedures ： Procedures ：  Convulsion limb stiffness, During a convulsion, the muscles can become rigid or stiff. This is due to the sustained contraction of muscle fibers. is often noticeable in the limbs opisthotonus A specific type of posturing seen in severe convulsions where the head and neck are thrust backward, and the back is arched. dyspnea Convulsions can also lead to difficulty breathing, or dyspnea. This can occur because the muscle contractions can restrict the chest, making it hard to inhale and exhale properly.