Dr. Breivogel Heme.Onc. Exam II Study Guide PDF

Brievogel Heme.Onc. Exam II Review 1. **Photodynamic therapy** a. methoxsalen (Uvadex): Inhibits DNA synthesis/ damages DNA 2. **Retinoid\'s** b. tretinoin (ATRA): Activates PML-RAR, inhibiting differentiation, ↑ normal WBC\'s **↳** RA-APL syndrome / leukocytosis (↑...

Brievogel Heme.Onc. Exam II Review 1. **Photodynamic therapy** a. methoxsalen (Uvadex): Inhibits DNA synthesis/ damages DNA 2. **Retinoid\'s** b. tretinoin (ATRA): Activates PML-RAR, inhibiting differentiation, ↑ normal WBC\'s **↳** RA-APL syndrome / leukocytosis (↑ WBC\'s & immune system) c. bexarotene: Activates RXR 3. **PD-1/T-cell Checkpoint Inhibitors**: treats multiple cancer types d. Pembro**[lizumab]** or Nivo**[lumab]**: Block inhibition of immune cells (t-cells) via PD-1 **↳** ↑ immune system response 4. **Anti-CD19 mab\'s/CD20 mabs**: e. -**tamab**, -**tuximab**, -**tumomab**, -**tuzumab** i. **CD19**: - tafasi**tamab**, loncas**tuximab** ii. **CD20** (Type I) - Ri**tuximab**, ofa**tumumab** iii. **CD20** (Type II) - obin**tuzumab**, ibri**tumomab** 5. **Anti-CD22 mabs**: f. ino**[tuzumab] ozogamicin** 6. **Anti-CD30 or CD79b mabs**: g. bren**[tuximab] [vedotin]**: Inhibits tubulin polymerization **↳** Causing peripheral neuropathy 7. **Anti-CD38 or SLAMF mabs**: h. -**tuximab**, -**tumumab** iv. **CD38**: - isa**tuximab**, dara**tumumab**, i. elo**t[uzumab]** targets SLAMF & ↑ NK cells (Not B-cell related) 8. **BITE antibodies** j. -**tumomab**, -**tuzumab**, -**tamab** ↳ Cytokine release syndrome (CRS), neurotoxicity v. **CD3 & CD19**: - blina**tumomab**, mosune**tuzumab** vi. **CD3 & BCMA**: - teclis**tamab**, talque**tamab** 9. **STI\'s that block JAK**: k. fedra**[tinib]**, pacri**[tinib]**, ruxoli**[tinib]** 10. **STI\'s that block BTK**: l. i**[bru]**tinib, acala**[bru]**tinib 11. **Block Ph & c-KIT**: m. -**a** / -**o** / -**utinib** (EXCEPT fedratinib above) n. -asci**[minib]** → Ph specific 12. **Block FLT3**: o. midostaurin, gilteri**[tinib]**, quizar**[tinib]** (**Vanflyta**) 13. **SMO blockers**: p. glas**[degib]** 14. **Block PKB at PI3K**: q. idela**[lisib]**, duve**[lisib]** 15. **Black protein synthesis**: → Bind to ribosome r. Omacetaxine mepe**succinate** (**Synribo**) 16. **Proteasome inhibitors**: s. borte**[zomib]**, carfil**[zomib]**, ixa**[zomib]** 17. **Block DNA condensation via HDAC**: t. romi**[depsin]**, vor**[inostat]**, bel**[inostat]**, panob**[inostat]** 18. **Block DNA condensation via HMT**: u. tazeme**[tostat]** 19. **Block BCL-2**: v. vene**[toclax]** 20. **Mutant IDH Blockers**: → BBW Differentiation syndrome w. ivo**[sidenib]**, ena**[sidenib]**, oluta**[sidenib]** 21. **Inhibit nuclear transport (Exportin 1)**: x. selin**[exor]** 22. **Block menin / aberrant transcription**: y. Revu**[men]**ib 23. **Inhibit telomerase**: z. ime**[tel]**stat (Ry**[telo]**) 24. **CAR-T therapy**: → BBW Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) a. lisocabta**[gene]** mara**[leucel]**: All target **CD19** ***EXCEPT*** vii. idecabta**[gene]** vic**[leucel]** (**Ab**ecma) & Ciltabta**[gene]** auto**[leucel]** (**Ca**rvykti) 25. **Misc. Agents**: b. Hydroxyurea : Inhibits ribonucleotide reductase; inhibits DNA synthesis c. Asparaginase: Depletes asparagine from plasma d. Arsenic trioxide: Degrades PML-RAR-a, causing differentiation e. Thalidomide: ↑ IL-2 & Interferon gamma, activating NK cells inhibiting myeloid cell growth mAbs/STls Summary of Protein drugs with immune cells targets Drugs that activate T-cells pembroljzumab, nivolumab Drugs targeting immune cancers tafasitamab, loncastuximab tesirine rituximab, ofatumumab, obinutuzumab ibritumomab tiuxetan inotuzumab ozogamicin, moxetumomab pasudotox brentuximab vedotin isatuximab polatuzumab yeßgtjn ruxolitinib, fedratinib, pacritinib ibrutinib, acalabrutinib, zanubrutinib, pirtobrutinib elranatamab Target(s) PD-I on T-cells Target(s) CD19 on B-cells CD20 on B-cells CD20, DNA (90Y) CD22/B-cells + DNA or eukaryotic Elongation Factor2 CD30/T-cells & lymphomas, tubulin CD38 on B-cells + tubulin CD79b on B-cells + tubulin JAKI and/or 2 BTK, B-cell signaling BCMA Cancer(s) Hodgkin\'s Cancer(s B-cell lymphomas B-cell NHL and/or CLL ALL Hodgkin\'s, other lymph. Multiple myeloma B-cell lymphoma myelofibrosis Mantel cell lymphoma, CLL Multiple myeloma ![mAbs/STls Summary of Protein drugs with immune cells targets Target immune cancers + activate immune cells blinatumomab mosunetuzumab epcoritamab, glofitamab teclistamab, elranatamab talquetamab daratum umab elotuzumab For mutant kinase receptors imatinib, nilotinib, dasatinib Target(s) CD19 on B-cell cancers, CD3 on T-cells CD20 on B-cell cancers, CD3 on T-cells BCMA on B-cell cancers, CD3 on T-cells GPRC5D on MM cells, CD3 on T-cells CD38 on myeloma; FC on NK cells SLAMF on myeloma; FC on NK cells I Target(s) Ph, c-Kit Cancer(s) CD19+ ALL Follicular lymphoma Diffuse large B-Cell lymphoma multiple myeloma multiple myeloma multiple myeloma multiple myeloma bosutinib, ponatinib, asciminib midostaurin, gilteritinib, quizartinib For dysregulated PCR vismodegib, sonidegib, glasdegib FLT3 mutants (mido also c-KIT, PDGFR and PKC) Cancer(s) CML, ALL GIST\] CML & ALL AML Target SMO Cancer AML ](media/image2.png) mAbs/STls Summary of Miscellaneous STIs For misc non-receptors/non-kinases ivosidenib enasidenib olutasidenib vorasidenib idelalisib duvelisib inavolisib bortezgmjb carfilæmj.h, ixazgmj.b vorinostat, belinostat panobinostat romidepsin tazemetostat omacetaxine mepesuccinate (Synribo) venetoclax selinexor (Xpovio) revumenib (Revuforj) imetelstat (Rytelo) Target Mutant IDHI or 2 P13-kinase P13KCA-mutants proteasome Histone DeAcetylase, HDAC Histone Methyl Transferase (HMT) Ribosome BCL-2 Exportin 1 Menin (can\'t activate KMT2A) Telomerase Cancer(s) AML Astrocytoma or oligodendroglioma Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) P13K-mutant breast cancer Multiple myeloma T-cell Lymphomas (cutaneous or peripheral), multiply myeloma follicular lymphoma CML AML, CLL Multiple myeloma AML Myelodysplastic syndromes 41  A table with text on it AI-generated content may be incorrect. ![SUMMARY of Recovery Agents \_ stims \[analogs of\] endogenous agonists for neutropenia/myelosuppression \>fligastims, pegfilgrastims, eflapegrastim, sargrammostim epoetin \[analogs of\] endogenous agonists for anemia \>Oprelvekin endogenous agonist for th rombocytopenia Plerixafor antagonizes CXCR4 to collecting bone marrow cells for autologous transplant Palifermin endogenous agonist for GI damage \>for chemo, radiation and/or surgery-induced nausea \>Cause adrenal and immunosuppression ](media/image6.png) SUMMARY of ANTI-EMETICS \>5-HT3 and NKI antagonists, metoclopramide, CBI agonists and BZD (lorazepam) \> Most powerful for chemo and/or surgery-induced nausea antagonists \>Good for general nausea and vomiting; 5 also for psychosis \>Cause EPS and CNS depression \>GIucocorticoids (dexamethasone, prednisone and methylprednisolone) \>for chemo, radiation and/or surgery-induced nausea \>Cause adrenal and immunosuppression A-Il and MI antagonists (HI also antagonize MI) \> For less severe nausea and vomiting like motion sickness or vertigo \>Cause sedation and dry mouth