Advance Coaching Theory Eng (PDF)

4. Lack of ticket checking staff. 5. General coaches are over crowded. 6. Increase in population. 7. Unauthorized exits available. 8. Unemployment. 9. Political Interference. 10. Non co-operation of Public. 11. Non co-operation of Police. 12. Improper dealing by ticket ch...

4. Lack of ticket checking staff. 5. General coaches are over crowded. 6. Increase in population. 7. Unauthorized exits available. 8. Unemployment. 9. Political Interference. 10. Non co-operation of Public. 11. Non co-operation of Police. 12. Improper dealing by ticket checking staff. 13. Lack of security to ticket checking staff. 14. Low morale of the staff. Measures to prevent ticket less travel/ Irregular travel: – 1. All unauthorized exit points of station should be closed. 2. Announcement should be done that Ticket less travel is a social offence. 3. Action must be taken against un-authorized hawkers and beggars. 4. Different types of checks should be organized regularly. 5. Appeal to public for co-operation. 6. Proper guidance should be given to passengers. 7. Sufficient no of security staff should be deputed. 8. Sufficient number of ticket checking staff should be deputed. 9. Providing security to staff at station/ sections. 10. General coaches / sectional coaches to be increased to clear extra crowd 11. To arrange special Ticket checking drive time to time. Objective of Ticket Checking - 1. To ensure that every person travelling by Railway or entering railway premises has proper pass, ticket or an authority. 2. To ensure that tickets are issued as per prescribed rules. 3. Whether the accountal of tickets has been done properly or not. 4. To prevent leakage of railway revenue. 5. To increase earnings of railway. 49  6. To prevent corruption, frauds and embezzlements. Types of Checks:- 1. Sectional Check: This check is arranged on a particular section for three days, or a minimum of 24 hrs., covering all trains. Ticket checking Staff is deputed in each coach of each train to ensure that no person is travelling without ticket or with irregular ticket therein. After the completion of check a report is prepared with following particulars:- a. Total staff utilized. b. Number of trains checked. c. Number of passengers found without ticket. d. Total amount recovered during the check. e. Amount recovered through court. f. Number of passengers imprisoned by the court. g. Booking window earnings for the day of check, for the previous three days and corresponding days of last week. 2. Concentrated Spot Check:-This check is arranged at a station or spot concentrating large no of Staff, which includes Ticket Checking Staff, GRP, and RPF. Duration of check is 24 hrs.(minimum 08 Hrs.). All passengers in the trains halting at that station will be checked. After the completion of check a report is prepared with following particulars:- a. Total number of staff utilized. b. Total number of trains checked. c. Number of passengers without ticket d. Total amount recovered during check. e. Amount recovered through court. f. Number of passenger imprisoned by the court. g. Booking window earnings for the day of check, for the previous three days and corresponding days of last week. If the percentage of ticket less and other irregular travel is more than 3%, then that spot is declared as a Bad Spot. Prior to that it is mandatory to conduct three similar checks. 3. Employee Replacement Check: - This check is arranged for 3 continuous days, with a view to judge the efficiency of ticket checking staff of a particular station. This check is conducted between two stations of a division. This check is conducted at those stations where ticket checking staff fails to achieve the requisite standard of earnings laid down. After completion of check a report is prepared in which the working of station staff is compared. Similarly, Inter-Division checks are also arranged. 50 4. Magistrate Check: - This check is arranged with the help of magistrate with a view to effectively check ticket less travel. The persons apprehended are being tried and disposed off by the magistrate on the spot. After completion of check, a detailed report is submitted to DCM and a copy is given to the Magistrate. 5. Fortress Check: - In this check the entire station is condemned off, so that no person could exit from any place other than the authorised gates. In this check adequate Ticket Checking staff, GRP, RPF, and volunteers are deputed. On the basis of report of these checks, unauthorized entry gates are closed and number of Checking staff can be increased according to requirement. 6. Ambush check - This check is conducted to stop the misuse of Alarm chain Pulling. Ticket Checking Staff, GRP, RPF, & others railway employee are deputed in Civil dress on the spot where misuse of Alarm chain is often done. According to section 141 legal action will be taken against the passenger found misusing Alarm chain and passengers detraining at the spot. 7. Surprise Check by Road - Where it is known that ticket less or irregular travel is on a higher side or is done with connivance of staff, Ticket Checking Staff, RPF, GRP are taken by road to that particular spot and surprise check is conducted on a particular train. Secrecy is maintained about programme of this check. 8. Mid-Section Check: - This is a surprise check conducted by the Head Quarter Ticket Checking Squad in mid-section. The Ticket Checking Staff working in the train are replaced by the Head Quarter Ticket Checking Staff and rechecking is done. If irregularities are detected in working of TTE or Conductor, a report is submitted. 9. Massive Operational Checks: - These checks are conducted over a radius of 80 kms against ticket less and irregular travel for a duration of 3 to 6 days. The following checks are conducted over the area to be covered - a. Check in running trains b. Spot Check c. Road Check d. Ambush Check e. Magistrate Check Services of 2 to 3 magistrates should be taken for disposal of cases under Railway Act 1989. Earnings of booking window should be recorded to show the impact of check over the area in which checks were conducted. Irregular Travel: If a passenger is detected travelling without ticket or without proper ticket, it is known as irregular travel. Excess Charge: Amount which is collected by Ticket Checking Staff as penalty, when detected travelling irregularly is known as Excess Charge. It is equivalent to Excess fare subject to minimum excess charge of Rs. 250/- per passenger. 51 Ticket Checking Station :- Ticket Checking stations have been nominated on each division by Railway administration to charge Without ticket passengers. According to direction of train and class, excess fare and excess charge will be collected from previous Ticket Checking Station, and if there is no ticket checking station, then from the train starting station. Following Ticket Checking Stations nominated on Central Railway:- Division Ticket Checking Stations Mumbai Igatpuri Pune Pune, Miraj, Daund Solapur Solapur Bhusawal Bhusawal Nagpur Nagpur, Ballarshah Following Ticket Checking Stations nominated on West Central Railway:- Division Ticket Checking Stations Jabalpur Jabalpur Bhopal Itarsi, Bina Kota Kota Types of Irregular Travel: 1. Without Ticket Travel:- Excess fare along with Excess charge will be recovered from previous Ticket Checking Station, and if there is no ticket checking station, then from the train starting station to the point of detection. Minimum Excess Charge will be Rs 250/-. If the passenger desires to continue journey, then for onward journey only excess fare will be collected along with reservation fee as per class and development charge, treating the journey as new. 2. Child travelling without ticket with Guardian:- In such circumstances, Excess fare along with Excess charge will be recovered for the child from originating station of guardian’s ticket up to the point of detection. For onward journey only Excess fare will be recovered up to the destination station of guardian’s ticket. 3. Ordinary train ticket holder found travelling by Mail express:- In this condition difference of paid and payable fare, along with Excess charge will be collected up to point of detection. If the passenger wants to continue onward journey by the same train, only the difference of paid & payable fare will be collected. 4. Lower Class Ticket holder found travelling in higher class:- 52  In this condition difference of paid and payable fare, along with Excess charge will be collected up to point of detection. If the passenger wants to continue onward journey in the upper class, only the difference of paid & payable fare will be collected along with reservation fee of upper class. 5. Adult passenger found travelling on child ticket:- Firstly difference of adult and child fare for entire journey will be collected as excess fare, and difference of adult and child fare upto the point of detection will be collected as excess charge, subject to minimum Rs.250. If detected at destination station, difference of Adult and Child passenger fare + Excess charge should be collected. 6. Detected travelling beyond authorised distance of ticket: a. Intentionally: Passenger will be charged as without ticket beyond original destination i.e. difference of fare payable and paid + Excess charge. b. Unintentionally: No fare shall be collected for the journey performed by passenger without ticket. EFR will be issued for his original destination by collecting proper fare, till that time he will not be permitted to leave railway premises. He should commence journey by first available train. 7. Journey by route other than the booked route of ticket (unreserved ticket): a. Full fare paying ticket holders: - If a passenger having ticket by shorter route is found travelling by longer route, difference of paid and payable fare will be collected. If a passenger having ticket of longer route is found travelling by shorter route, ticket will be forfeited and free EFR will be issued for shorter route. b. Concessional Ticket Holders: - In this condition passenger will be charged as without ticket on the section for which concessional ticket is not valid. Advantage of concession will not be given. 8. Travelling on un-exchanged P.T.O or other concession orders: Passenger will be charged as without ticket from the starting station mentioned in concession order or P.T.O. Advantage of concession will not be given. The concession orders on which forwarding and destination stations are not mentioned; passenger will be treated as without ticket from previous ticket checking station. 53 9. Detected travelling by superfast Train without supplementary charge ticket: In this condition supplementary charges will be recovered as per class along with excess charge. If a passenger holding through ticket is found travelling without supplementary charge ticket, only supplementary charges will be recovered as per class. 10. Detected travelling by Restricted Train with Ticket of less distance:- In this condition difference of paid and payable fare shall be collected along with excess charge. 11. Detected travelling without ticket by Restricted Train: Excess Fare along with Excess Charge will be recovered from train starting station or previous ticket checking station up to the station for which ticket can be issued by that train. 12. Detected travelling in Brake van/ RMS coach: Passenger will be charged as travelling without ticket in first class up to the point of detection and he will be removed from that van. Report of concerned employee will be given to his department. 13. Journey on Ticket without date:- If the passenger is having an undated ticket which is otherwise valid for journey, then ticket will be confiscated and free EFR will be issued. Confiscated ticket along with report will be submitted to concerned Sr. DCM office for further action. 14. Journey on a ticket / pass after expiry of validity date: Passenger will be charged as without ticket from the station at which the validity of ticket expired. 15. Journey On Torn and Mutilated Ticket:- When the details written / printed on the ticket are not legible, the passenger will be charged as travelling without ticket. Charges will be collected from last checking station. 16. Charging of Senior Citizen: If a Senior Citizen is travelling on concessional ticket but could not produce age certificate during journey, only difference of payable and paid fare will be recovered. No excess charge will be collected. 54 17. If a passenger who is not a senior citizen is detected travelling on a senior citizen concessional ticket, he will be charged as travelling without ticket. Charges will be collected from journey starting station on ticket. 18. Travelling in higher class/ Train on combined ticket :- i. If on a combined ticket first portion is of lower class/ train and next portion is of higher class/ train, and passenger is detected travelling in higher class / train in the first portion, then difference of paid and payable fare, along with Excess charge will be collected up to point of detection. If the passenger wants to continue onward journey in higher class/ train, only the difference of paid & payable fare will be collected. ii. If on a combined ticket first portion is of higher class/ train and next portion is of lower class/ train, and passenger is detected travelling in higher class/ train in the second portion, then only difference of paid and payable fare will be collected. Excess charge will not be collected 19. Passenger with lower class concessional ticket detected travelling in Upper class - Difference of full fare of upper class and concessional fare of lower class along with excess charge will be collected up to the point of detection. Onward journey will have to be performed in booked class. Charging of un-booked luggage: If un-booked luggage is detected along with passenger en-route or at destination, free allowance as per class will be deducted from the total weight and excess un-booked weight will be charged taking marginal allowance into consideration. 1. If excess un-booked weight is upto the limit of marginal allowance, then charges will be recovered at 1.5 times of luggage rate for entire distance of ticket, minimum will be Rs. 30/-. 2. If excess un-booked weight is more than marginal allowance, then charges will be recovered at 6 times of luggage rate for entire distance of ticket, minimum will be Rs. 50/- 55 Passenger is unable to pay luggage charges: If un-booked or partially booked luggage is detected with any passenger and he is unable to pay the charges, then a to pay luggage ticket will be issued to the passenger. The luggage will be shifted to the brake van. At destination after payment of due charges, luggage will be delivered from luggage / parcel office. If detected at destination station the luggage will be deposited in cloak room. After payment of due luggage charges as well as cloak room charges, luggage will be delivered to him. Passenger detected travelling with more than one ticket : For taking advantage of free allowance if a passenger is detected travelling with more than one ticket, then free allowance will be granted treating one ticket valid for each passenger & excess un-booked luggage will be charged at six times of the luggage rate for the entire distance without observing marginal allowance. Minimum will be Rs. 50. Extra tickets will be confiscated. Charging of Partially booked Luggage: Luggage Ticket is issued to passenger when luggage is booked along with him. But on re-weighment if more luggage is detected than actual booked weight, such luggage is known as partially booked luggage. Such luggage will be charged as under – 1. Actual weight is upto the limit of maximum permissible weight with passenger as per class – Booked weight will be deducted from actual weight and if the excess weight is upto the limit of marginal allowance, then charges will be recovered at 1.5 times of luggage rate for entire distance (minimum -Rs. 30/-). 2. Actual weight is more than the limit of maximum permissible weight with passenger as per class – Without observing marginal allowance the booked weight will be deducted from actual weight and charges will be recovered at 6 times of luggage rate on excess weight for entire distance (Minimum charge - Rs. 50/-). 56 LEAKAGE‍OF‍REVENUE‍AND‍FRAUDS IN COMMERCIAL‍FEILD Meaning of Fraud: Fraud is a deliberate and deceptive act to secure unlawful financial gain, causing harm or loss to another party. Modus Operandi: 1. To break or violate the existing rules, procedure, etc in booking of various kind of traffic. 2. To take advantage of certain loopholes in the system. 3. To gain personal interest. 4. To cause leakage of revenue. 5. To have undue monetary gain. Causes of malpractices: 1. Lack of transparency 2. Gap in demand and supply 3. Inadequate control - huge system, lack of full proof checks 4. Illiteracy / Ignorance of passengers 5. Last minute need of passengers 6. Customers’ willingness to pay speed money 7. The belief that criminals often go scot free Mass contact area i. Booking office ii. Reservation office iii. Circulating area and trains iv. Luggage and parcel office v. All those locations where commercial transactions are taken Frauds committed in Booking office: 1. Non - accounting of tickets, money value books, like EFT, BPT on receipt of supply from press. 2. Private printing of tickets and selling. 3. Reselling of sold tickets or tickets received for cancellation. 4. Excess charging 5. Currency note dropping 6. UTS fraud (Misuse of Non issued ticket) 7. Sale of forged tickets 8. Frauds by JTBS / STBA (Fake tickets, Misprint, overcharging) 57 9. Frauds in ATVM, Co-TVM like non refund of deposit, reduced recharge. 10. Wrongly issue of BPT (manipulation by forged BPT, mentioning low value in place of high value in passenger foil only) 11. Wrong issue of BPT other than concessional warrants. 12. Misappropriation of value of ticket. 13. Collection of full fare against concession and PTO. 14. Rebate of platform tickets. Frauds committed in trains: 1. Carriage of passengers without tickets or improper tickets. 2. Carriage of passengers without taking difference of fare 3. Irregular reservation by TTE 4. NRF (No refund at the counter): concession, pass. 5. Ignoring of RAC. 6. Marking non turn up passengers as turn up for undue gain. 7. Manipulation in private cash. 8. Manipulation in issue of EFR like mentioning low value in place of high value in passenger foil only. 9. No preparation of EDR or manipulation in EDR. 10. Blocking of berths in connivance with ECRC with fake pass details. Fraud committed in reservation office:- 1. Acceptance of more than one requisition from touts. 2. Misuse of Emergency Quota released as vacant. 3. Issue of ticket without verifying various concessions. 4. Issue of ticket against pass without checking the validity. 5. Blockage of accommodation by way of interference of software activities. 6. Software programme is not revised in the computer system due to revision of fare, fees, rules and instructions. 7. Connivance with touts in blocking berths ignoring queue. 8. Connivance with YTSK 9. Excess charging 10. Cancellation and refund 11. Party booking without due permission. 12. Change of name without permit. 13. Deliberate delay in Tatkal reservation for general public. 14. Manipulation in private cash. 15. Taking bookings on phone from touts and other businesses. 58 16. Unauthorised stamping on tickets for change in passenger details. 17. Misuse of extension of wait list facility for pecuniary gain. Circulating area:- 1. Unauthorized catering /vending 2. Wrong charging by TC 3. Overcharging in Parking and collection for unauthorised parking. Parcel and luggage; 1. Under weighment of packages 2. Wrong declaration to avoid bans and restrictions. 3. Manipulation in loading/delivery and removal time for manipulation in demurrage and wharfage. 4. Selection of wrong scale for reduced freight charging 5. Booking of commodity as luggage without proper ticket or pass. 6. To provide extra free allowance in luggage booking. 7. Booking of bulky articles as normal packages. 8. Delivery without proper receipt or Indemnity bond. Fraud in Policies 1. List of suspected staff 2. Transfer of staff in case of decoy checks 3. Sensitive post 4. Touts 5. RTSA Other areas: 1. Misuse of money value books 2. Concessional tickets for handicapped persons. 3. Premature blocking 4. Frauds in rajdhani/shatabdi 5. Complimentary card passes 6. Misuse of pass 7. Carrying in the name of MP 8. Leased SLR Record manipulation: 1. Issue of tickets w/o accounting 2. Temporary misappropriation 3. Manipulation of DTC book 4. Tickets declared damaged but resold 5. Wrong entry in BPT & EFT 59  6. Refund statements 7. Forged tickets treated as pre bought tickets 8. WC/ DC Fraud in freight 1. Non cognizance of latest rate circulars 2. Improper accountal of to-pay consignments at destination 3. Improper accountal of paid consignments at originating point 4. Showing wagons as unconnected till the consignee gets the RR from the bank 5. Declaring wagons/ VPs as unfit for loading 6. Misdeclaration of commodity for reduced freight. 7. Charging commodities on wrong classification. 8. Manipulation in placement, loading, unloading and removal for manipulation in demurrage/wharfage, Efforts to eliminate malpractices: Malpractices generally caught by IIs/VIs 1. Excess / shortage in Booking 2. Excess / shortage with train staff 3. Touting activities 4. Fake pass/low value MST 5. Priority violation of RAC passengers 6. Mixing Govt. and private cash 7. Bogus/Fake claim 8. Mis-declaration /misclassification of goods Activities difficult to curb, generally - 1. Note dropping/Overcharging 2. Excess charging by YTSKs, JTBS, E tickets agents 3. Excess charging/ seat cornering by coolies 4. Harassment to illiterate passengers 5. Selling of fake tickets/recycling of tickets 6. Blocking of berths and misuse of VIP quotas 7. Late opening of counters, non availability of tickets 8. Different amount on different foils of EFT/BPTs 9. Tatkal Coach Common methods detected in passenger earning leakages – areas of concern: 60  1. Manipulation in Paper Tickets like, EFTs, BPTs by writing different amounts in passenger foil & other foils thereby remitting lesser amounts. 2. Use of fake /scanned PRS tickets for taking refund. 3. Blocking of berths in connivance with touts. 4. Erasing of UTS tickets and making short distance tickets into long distance tickets. 5. Recycling of tickets especially short distance tickets, sale of NI/Cancelled tickets. 6. Sale of high value ticket on stationary meant for low value ticket by manipulating the printer their by misappropriating the balance amount. 7. Misappropriation by manipulating the CR Notes/TR Notes. 8. Ticketless travel, unauthorised carrying by Train Conductors. 9. Misuse of Railway Passes, Misuse of Rly Concessions. 10. Overloading in leased SLRs/VPUs. Actions recommended to be taken by commercial deptt. Intensive checks should be organized at the Booking Offices & Trains identified by the Vigilance Branch with emphasis on following. 1. Recycling of tickets. 2. EFT/BPT tampering 3. Tampering/alteration with tickets 4. Fake tickets 5. Intensive checks should be organized at leased SLR/VPU & identify habitual offender & take punitive actions as per the provisions of agreement. 6. Collection of tickets at the stations and analyzing them for detection of frauds. and recycling with respect to correct charging and realization of fare. 7. Intensive ticket checking to be conducted with emphasis on GS coaches especially at nominated intensive ticket checking posts by ICP teams and raiding squads. 8. Organising raids/magisterial checks in the trains identified as having dubious reputation. 9. Special drives to check Zero Value Tickets along with their traveling authority. Emphasis on educating ECRCs & Ticket Checking Staff to ensure proper checking of these tickets and the authority. 10. Special train/party coach booking- Special care with respect to correct charging and realization of fare. 11. Training TCs/TTEs with new methods of ticketing and common irregularities to check. Actions required to be taken by traffic accounts deptt:- 1. The inspections by TIA should be thorough and intensive with focus to prevent leakage of earnings like, manipulations in the records of remittances, accountal of NI tickets, manipulation in EFTs/BPTs, accountal of sales. 2. Timely accountal and checking of returns received from stations to check frauds. 61 Problems faced in mass contact areas: 1. Demand for following exact procedure laid down in Vigilance Manual including presence of independent witness at the time of decoy check. 2. Non-cooperation or non-availability of supervisor at the time of decoy check. 3. Most acquittals particularly in decoy checks occur because investigators fail to follow the rules and procedures despite strong evidence. 4. Touting activities by RTSA/RTA in collaboration with staff. System improvement: 1. Computerization of unreserved tickets 2. LED display in front of PRS counter for availability and fares. 3. Computerization of parcel offices 4. Installation of weigh bridges in goods dealing points 5. Provision of portable weighing scales in parcel offices for speedy weighment and reweighment. 6. Computerization of goods offices. 7. Provision of hand held terminals for TTEs in running train for better transparency is allotment of vacant berths. To prevent recurrence; 1. No sympathy in DAR cases involving misappropriation, frauds & cases of decoy checks. 2. Timely action on administrative measures suggested by Vigilance like, transfers of corrupt officials etc. 3. Creating awareness and intensive checking at all levels. Action plan:- 1. Intensive checks at Booking Offices to be conducted with a view to check refunds and cancellations, recycling of tickets, EFTs, BPTs, fake tickets, delayed recording of sales and clerks against whom complaints are frequent by public etc. 2. Checks in identified trains especially GS coaches for detecting fake tickets, tampering/ alteration of tickets. 3. Checks in reserved coaches in selected trains for detection of irregular carrying of passengers, blocking of berths, misuse of travel authority etc. 4. Checks on concessions, Rly Passes in Booking Offices and trains. Problems faced in mass contact areas: 1. Deliberate preparations of weak charge-sheets which are designed to fail at the stage of D&AR enquiries itself. 2. Key witnesses turn hostile or give ambiguous statement. 62  3. In DA enquiry, complainant most of the time don't cooperate with investigating agencies. 4. Occasionally, the Inquiry Officers / DA deploys all its energy in picking out lapses in the investigation process to help charged officials. Suggestions: 1. Be vigilant 2. More successful decoy check 3. More joint checks with cbi 4. Scrutiny of collected tickets 5. Regular transfer of staff from sensitive post 6. Weed out corrupt employees 7. Effective disciplinary action 8. Educate employees and create vigilance awareness. 9. Educate public through advertisement and electronic media. 63