Psychology Final Exam Review PDF

Psychology Final Exam Review Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e8q4v2 1. Psychologist a professional who studies mental states, perceptual, cognitive, emotional, and social...

Psychology Final Exam Review Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e8q4v2 1. Psychologist a professional who studies mental states, perceptual, cognitive, emotional, and social processes and behavior in human beings. 2. Psychology is the behavior, thoughts, and emotions of in- dividuals. -a branch of modern science 3. Whatever is accepted as fact scientific methods or principle in psychology must be established using 4. Known as the "Father of Psy- Wilhelm Wundt chology" 5. There are more than 115,000 True members of the American Psy- chological Association 6. Women receive about 70 per- True cent of the doctorates award- ed in psychology? 7. insula lobe regulates feelings into cognitive and motiva- tional processes 8. Each of the hemispheres of True the brain is divided into areas called lobes? 9. cerebral cortex the body's ultimate control and informa- tion-processing center 10. longitudinal fissure deep groove that separates the brain into two halves or hemispheres 11. myelin sheath insulating layer of fat and protein around many nerve fibers, increasing the speed at which impulses are conducted in the brain. 1/7  Psychology Final Exam Review Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e8q4v2 12. The adult brain weighs about The adult brain weighs about three pounds? three pounds? 13. Perception the ability to see, hear, or become aware of something through the senses 14. Sensation a physical feeling or perception resulting from something that happens to or comes into contact with the body. 15. Top Down Processing how we interpret those sensations influ- enced by our history of available knowledge, experiences, and our thoughts. 16. The Sympathetic nervous sys- directs the body's rapid involuntary re- tem sponse to dangerous or stressful situations. 17. adrenaline flash flood of hormones boosts the body's alertness and heart rate, sending extra blood to the muscles. 18. Nausea unpleasant sensation in the stomach asso- ciated with a tendency to vomit 19. Synesthesia an experience in which one sensation (e.g., hearing a sound) creates experiences in an- other (e.g., vision). 20. Selective attention allows us True to focus on one person talking while in the company of other conversations going on simul- taneously. 21. Sensory Adaptation decrease of sensitivity to a given stimu- lus/message after constant exposure. 22. Perceptual Mechanism The human act of making sense of what we see, hear, feel, taste or smell. Ex: The hearing of a firecracker 2/7  Psychology Final Exam Review Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e8q4v2 The swimming in water The seeing of the sky 23. Rods responsible for vision at low light levels or scotopic vision. 24. Chunking Combining small pieces of information into larger clusters or chunks that are more eas- ily held in short-term memory. 25. Implicit Memory Memories we don't deliberately remember or reflect on consciously 26. Reasoning the action of thinking about something in a logical, sensible way. 27. Long term memory happens in True stages Ex: Phone number, home address 28. Serial processing processing one stimuli (thought) at a time Ex: baking a cake/Spelling Bee competitor 29. Consciousness our awareness of ourselves and our envi- ronment 30. Psychoanalysis A method of studying how the mind works and treating mental disorders 31. Conscious experiences con- True stantly shift and change 32. We recall digits better than let- True ters 33. The Humanistic Theory of Per- True sonality states that people achieve their full potential by moving from basic needs to self-actualization 3/7  Psychology Final Exam Review Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e8q4v2 34. self-actualization a state of fulfillment in which a person is achieving at his or her highest level of ca- pability. 35. Examples of "peak experi- winning a game ences" of a self-actualizer passing a test are? 36. Father of Psychodynamic the- Sigmund Freud ory 37. The unconscious mind com- judgments, feelings, and behavior prises mental processes that influence? 38. Personality is made up of id, ego, and super-ego: three parts? 39. Examples of 'nurture" consist -early childhood experiences with parents of? -how we were raised, -social relationships, -surrounding culture. 40. Nativists take the position that inheritance- all or most behaviors and char- (genetic diseases, eye color, hair color, and acteristics are the results of? skin color) 41. Empiricism the belief that accurate knowledge can be acquired through observation 42. tabula rasa suggests that the True mind begins as a blank slate? 43. Gene A unit of heredity; a segment of DNA or RNA that is transmitted from one generation to the next in a family. 44. Ultrasound imaging high-frequency sound waves to view inside the body 4/7  Psychology Final Exam Review Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e8q4v2 45. Neglectful parents do not set firm boundaries or high standards. They are indifferent to their chil- dren's needs and uninvolved in their lives 46. Distress Negative, great pain, anxiety, or sorrow; acute physical or mental suffering; affliction; trouble 47. depression and anxiety can directly affect physical immunity through the production of stress hormones 48. Stress management methods to either reduce stress or increase tolerance to stress 49. Stress a biological and psychological response ex- perienced when encountering a threat that we feel we do not have the resources to deal with 50. Hypothalamic Pituitary-Adren- Long term stress is regulated by the? al (HPA) 51. Cortisol enables the body to maintain steady sup- plies of blood sugar during stressful situa- tions 52. Abnormal behavior is a psy- True chological term for actions that fall outside of the realm of what is considered normative in a particular society or cul- ture? 53. Schizophrenia chronic psychiatric condition that affects a person's thinking, feeling, and behavior. 54. Obsessive-compulsive disor- mental health condition characterized by der (OCD) obsessions and compulsions that interfere with daily life. 5/7  Psychology Final Exam Review Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e8q4v2 55. Problem-solving and True time-management skills re- duces uncertainty and builds confidence? 56. sympathetic nervous system a set of nerves that prepares the body for action in stressful challenging or threatening situations 57. A stressor is any action or True situation that places special physical or psychological de- mands upon a person 58. Stress can be either positive True (eustress) or negative (dis- tress) 59. Sudden and severe stress Increase in heart rate generally produces? Increase in breathing (lungs dilate) Decrease in digestive activity (don't feel hungry) Liver released glucose for energy 60. Where did the Stanley Milgram Yale University Experiment take place? 61. How much money were the $4.50 Milgram Experiment partici- pants paid? 62. The Milgram experiment fo- True cused on the conflict between obedience to authority and personal conscience? 63. What tool was used in the Electrical Shock Milgram Experiment as a re- sponse to incorrect answers? 6/7  Psychology Final Exam Review Study online at https://quizlet.com/_e8q4v2 64. Autonomous State people direct their own actions, and they take responsibility for the results of those actions. 65. Agentic State people allow others to direct their actions and then pass off the responsibility for the consequences to the person giving the or- ders. In other words, they act as agents for another person's will. 66. What are some of the harmful tech addiction, terrorism, hacking effects of social media men- tioned in "The Social Dilem- ma"? 67. According to "Social Dilem- keep people engaged on the screen ma", the main social media business model is to? 68. According to "Social Dilem- advertising ma" what is the most elegant way for Facebook to make money? 69. Positive intermittent reinforce- the delivery of a reward at irregular intervals ment 70. Generation Z First generation of middle school students to access social media? 71. Persuasive technology A computer system, device, or application that is intentionally designed to change a person's attitude or behavior 72. In "A Beautiful Mind', what John's desk does Charles push out the window? 7/7