HU40 Health Science I - Types of Body Tissues PDF

1.00 Understand structural organization of the body and roles of the first responder Objective 1.01 Understand types of body tissues HU40 Health Science I Anatomy, Physiology & Pathophysiology Anatomy is the study of the structure of an organism. Physiolog...

1.00 Understand structural organization of the body and roles of the first responder Objective 1.01 Understand types of body tissues HU40 Health Science I Anatomy, Physiology & Pathophysiology Anatomy is the study of the structure of an organism. Physiology is study of the functions of living organisms and their parts. Pathophysiology is the study of the disordered physiological processes associated with disease or injury. So how do we learn about anatomy, physiology and pathophysiology? Cytology – the study of cells Histology – microscopic study of living tissues Microscopic Anatomy - study of small tissues, organs, and cells that cannot be seen with the naked eye Organization of the Human Body: Tissues Composed of cells grouped by size shape and function Types of tissues: Epithelial Connective Muscle Nervous HU40 Health Science I Organization of the Human Body: Tissues Epithelial Skin Covers the outside of the body Lines the inside of the body Membrane Two thin layers of tissue that form together Cells may secrete a fluid HU40 Health Science I Overview of Membranes Specific Membranes to Remember Mucous membrane (Mucosa): type of tissue that lines surfaces and spaces that lead to the outside of the body Parietal membrane: lining of a body cavity Peritoneal membrane: lining of the abdominal cavity that protects the abdominal organs Visceral membrane: membrane covering each organ in a body cavity Organization of the Human Body: Tissues Connective tissue supports and connects organs and tissue Adipose stores fat cells Cartilage firm, flexible support of the embryonic skeleton and part of the adult skeleton Tendons white bands of connective tissue attaching skeletal muscle to bone Ligaments strong, flexible bands of connective tissue that hold bones firmly together at the joints HU40 Health Science I Organization of the Human Body: Tissues Muscle tissue contracts and moves a body part  Cardiac  striated, involuntary  contracts the heart  Skeletal  striated, voluntary  attached to the skeleton  Smooth nonstriated, involuntary provides movement in various body systems HU40 Health Science I Organization of the Human Body: Tissues Nervous tissue reacts to stimulation and conducts an impulse HU40 Health Science I Additional Terms to Know Calcify: to deposit mineral salts Collagen: fibrous protein occurring in bone and cartilage Cutaneous: pertaining to the skin Elastin: elastic like fibers found in connective tissue Fascia: band or sheet of fibrous membranes covering, binding, and supporting muscle Graft: to transplant tissue into a body part to replace damaged tissue Granulation: tiny red granules that are visible in the base of a healing wound; granules consist of newly formed capillaries and fibroblasts Serous fluid: thin, watery body fluid Synovial fluid: a lubricating substance produced by the synovial membrane that lines joint cavities Organ Systems HU40 Health Science I Organ Systems Skeletal System provides support, protection and movement Skull Ribs Pelvis Humerus Femur HU40 Health Science I Organ Systems Muscular System provides support, protection, movement and heat Diaphragm Pectoralis Major Gluteus Maximus HU40 Health Science I Organ Systems Circulatory System pumps blood and transports oxygen Blood Arteries Veins Heart HU40 Health Science I Organ Systems Lymphatic System stimulates immune response and produces lymphocytes Spleen Tonsils Thymus Gland Lymph vessels Lymph nodes HU40 Health Science I Organ Systems Respiratory System allows for exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide Lungs Diaphragm Alveoli Larynx Pharynx HU40 Health Science I Organ Systems Digestive System digests food and absorbs nutrients Esophagus Stomach Liver Large Intestine Small Intestine HU40 Health Science I Organ Systems Integumentary System protects, regulates body temperature, and provides sensation Skin Hair Sweat Glands HU40 Health Science I Organ Systems Nervous System processes information Brain Spinal Cord Nerves HU40 Health Science I Organ Systems Sensory System provides sensation Eyes Ears Nose Mouth Skin HU40 Health Science I Organ Systems Urinary System allows for elimination of urine Kidneys Bladder Ureters Urethra HU40 Health Science I Organ Systems Endocrine System controls body functions Pancreas Thyroid Gland Pituitary Gland HU40 Health Science I Organ Systems Reproductive System controls reproductive processes Females Uterus Ovaries Vagina Males Testes HU40 Health Science I