17 Questions
The primary variables controlling pulmonary ventilation in neonates are PaO2, PaCO2, and ______
pH
Neonates have reduced PaO2 compensated by greater ______ due to increased hemoglobin concentrations
oxygen-carrying capacity
Neonatal hemoglobin content is composed of 50% fetal hemoglobin, which has a left-shifted oxygen–dissociation curve compared to ______ hemoglobin
adult
Neonatal response to hypercapnia is not potentiated by ______, and hypoxia may depress the hypercapnic ventilatory response
hypoxia
Preterm infants with ______ (hematocrit < 30%) are more prone to apnea
anemia
What is the main risk factor for life-threatening apnea during general anesthesia in infants?
Prematurity
What is the relationship between gestational age and the risk of postanesthetic respiratory depression in infants?
Inversely related
Up to how many weeks after conception may infants be at risk of apnea?
60 weeks
What is the composition of neonatal hemoglobin content at birth?
100% fetal hemoglobin
What happens to the oxygen–dissociation curve during the first week of life in neonates?
It shifts to the right
What are the primary variables controlling pulmonary ventilation in neonates?
PaO2, PaCO2, and pH
What is the effect of high concentrations of oxygen on neonatal respiration?
Depresses it
What is neonatal apnea?
Cessation of breathing with associated pathophysiology
What is the cause of central apnea in neonates?
Immaturity or depression of the respiratory drive
What is the most common morbidity associated with anesthesia in neonates?
Postoperative apnea
What is the incidence of postoperative apnea related to in neonates?
Both gestational age and PCA
What are common causes of postoperative apnea in neonates?
Metabolic derangements and pharmacologic effects
Test your knowledge about the risks of general anesthesia in premature infants with this informative quiz. Learn about the inverse relationship between gestational age and postanesthetic respiratory depression, and how neonates compensate for reduced PaO
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