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Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension (PPHN) Quiz

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Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension (PPHN) Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the result of excessively high PVR in persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN)?

Persistence of the fetal circulatory pattern of right-to-left shunting through the PDA and foramen ovale after birth (correct)

Decreased pulmonary artery medial muscle thickness

Reduced postnatal PaO2 levels

Increased pulmonary hypoplasia

What is the consequence of lung inflation in reducing PVR?

Rapid decline in PVR (correct)

Release of vasoactive substances

Increase in PaCO2

Decrease in pH

What suggests right-to-left shunting through the ductus arteriosus in PPHN?

Decreased pH in the right radial artery

PaO2 or oxygen saturation gradient between a preductal and a post-ductal site of blood sampling (correct)

PaCO2 levels in the umbilical artery

Increased PVR in the pulmonary arterioles

What is the pathogenesis of PPHN related to chronic fetal hypoxia?

<p>Increased pulmonary artery medial muscle thickness and extension of smooth muscle layers into the usually non-muscular, more peripheral pulmonary arterioles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What diagnostic tool is helpful in evaluating PPHN?

<p>2D echo with Doppler (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension (PPHN)

Excessive PVR consequence: Right ventricular failure that may lead to cardiovascular collapse
Lung inflation effect: Reduces PVR by recruiting and distending lung vessels, improving oxygenation and cardiovascular stability

Ductus Arteriosus Shunting

Right-to-left shunting indication: Presence of differential cyanosis (lower limbs more cyanosed than upper limbs)
Ductal shunting pathophysiology: Oxygenated blood from the aorta bypasses the lungs, deoxygenated blood from the pulmonary artery flows to the descending aorta

PPHN Pathogenesis

Chronic fetal hypoxia effect: Increases pulmonary vascular resistance, leading to PPHN
Fetal hypoxia mechanisms: Impairs vascularization, increases smooth muscle growth, and alters vascular reactivity

PPHN Diagnosis

Diagnostic tool: Echocardiography, which helps evaluate cardiac anatomy, right ventricular function, and pulmonary artery pressure

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Description

Test your knowledge of Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension (PPHN) with this quiz. Explore the pathogenesis, right-to-left shunting through PDA and foramen ovale, and factors influencing pulmonary vascular resistance.