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Questions and Answers
What is the result of excessively high PVR in persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN)?
What is the result of excessively high PVR in persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN)?
- Persistence of the fetal circulatory pattern of right-to-left shunting through the PDA and foramen ovale after birth (correct)
- Decreased pulmonary artery medial muscle thickness
- Reduced postnatal PaO2 levels
- Increased pulmonary hypoplasia
What is the consequence of lung inflation in reducing PVR?
What is the consequence of lung inflation in reducing PVR?
- Rapid decline in PVR (correct)
- Release of vasoactive substances
- Increase in PaCO2
- Decrease in pH
What suggests right-to-left shunting through the ductus arteriosus in PPHN?
What suggests right-to-left shunting through the ductus arteriosus in PPHN?
- Decreased pH in the right radial artery
- PaO2 or oxygen saturation gradient between a preductal and a post-ductal site of blood sampling (correct)
- PaCO2 levels in the umbilical artery
- Increased PVR in the pulmonary arterioles
What is the pathogenesis of PPHN related to chronic fetal hypoxia?
What is the pathogenesis of PPHN related to chronic fetal hypoxia?
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What diagnostic tool is helpful in evaluating PPHN?
What diagnostic tool is helpful in evaluating PPHN?
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Study Notes
Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension (PPHN)
- Excessive PVR consequence: Right ventricular failure that may lead to cardiovascular collapse
- Lung inflation effect: Reduces PVR by recruiting and distending lung vessels, improving oxygenation and cardiovascular stability
Ductus Arteriosus Shunting
- Right-to-left shunting indication: Presence of differential cyanosis (lower limbs more cyanosed than upper limbs)
- Ductal shunting pathophysiology: Oxygenated blood from the aorta bypasses the lungs, deoxygenated blood from the pulmonary artery flows to the descending aorta
PPHN Pathogenesis
- Chronic fetal hypoxia effect: Increases pulmonary vascular resistance, leading to PPHN
- Fetal hypoxia mechanisms: Impairs vascularization, increases smooth muscle growth, and alters vascular reactivity
PPHN Diagnosis
- Diagnostic tool: Echocardiography, which helps evaluate cardiac anatomy, right ventricular function, and pulmonary artery pressure
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Description
Test your knowledge of Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension (PPHN) with this quiz. Explore the pathogenesis, right-to-left shunting through PDA and foramen ovale, and factors influencing pulmonary vascular resistance.
