Questions and Answers
What does internal validity refer to in an experiment?
The degree to which a causal relationship can be established
Which of the following is NOT an extraneous variable in an experiment?
The manipulated independent variable
What does validity in experiments primarily address?
Actual study of intended variables
When creating treatment conditions, why is it important for the operational definitions to be reliable?
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What is the purpose of specifying all the operations to create treatment conditions like 'hungry' and 'not hungry'?
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If a researcher claims they manipulated anxiety in their subjects, what can be concluded about the validity of their definitions?
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What is the main focus of a researcher when recruiting and using subjects?
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In the context of establishing cause and effect relationships, what do we commonly identify?
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What is the role of an Institutional Review Board (IRB) with regard to research studies?
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If a set of antecedents always leads to a particular behavior, what can be inferred about those antecedents?
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What aspect distinguishes necessary from sufficient conditions in cause-and-effect relationships?
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What legal responsibility does a researcher have for research participants?
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What are the three minimum requirements that must be met in experimentation according to the text?
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What does explanation mean in a scientific context according to the text?
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What is the main purpose of comparing different treatment conditions in psychology experiments?
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Why must we have clear procedures for manipulating settings in experimentation?
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In a psychology experiment, what can be inferred when a cause-and-effect relationship is established?
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What are antecedent conditions in scientific explanation according to the text?
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