30 Questions
In Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), how is time divided?
Into slots
In Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), how are optical and electromagnetic frequencies divided?
Into narrow frequency bands
How many users can use a network under circuit-switching if each user is active 10% of the time on a 1 Gbps link?
10 users
What is the probability of having more than 10 users active at the same time in a network with 35 users?
> 0.0004
Is packet switching a 'slam dunk winner' over circuit switching according to the text?
It depends
What are the dedicated resources in circuit-like performance segments used for if not used by a call?
Wasted
What term best describes the Internet structure according to the text?
Hierarchical network
In the context of the text, what is an Internet Exchange Point (IXP) primarily used for?
Connecting ISPs and facilitating the exchange of traffic
Which term refers to the entities that may emerge to compete with a global ISP in the internet industry?
Regional networks
What are some of the key components of the 'Network Edge'?
Hosts, access network, physical media
What aspect of internet performance is specifically mentioned in the text alongside loss and throughput?
Latency
Which concept is discussed in Chapter 1 of the text alongside topics like 'What is the Internet?' and 'What is a protocol'?
'Network edge: hosts, access network, physical media'
What is a major advantage of packet-switching networks mentioned in the text?
Lower latency compared to circuit-switching networks
How does excessive congestion impact packet-switching networks?
Results in packet delay and loss
What is the challenge in providing circuit-like behavior with packet-switching?
Replicating reserved resources of circuit switching
In the context of Internet structure, what role do access ISPs play?
Ensuring connection between any two hosts on the Internet
How is the Internet structure described in the text?
"A network of networks" with complex interconnections
What is the driving force behind the evolution of the Internet structure as per the text?
Economics and national policies
What happens when the arrival rate to a link temporarily exceeds the output link capacity?
Packets queue in router buffers
Which of the following is true about the queueing delay in packet transmission?
It depends on the congestion level of the router
What is the formula for transmission delay (dtrans) in packet delay calculations?
$L/R$
What does the propagation delay (dprop) depend on in packet transmission?
Physical length of the link and propagation speed
In the caravan analogy given, what does the toll booth represent?
Link in a data network
What is meant by 'nodal processing' in packet delay calculations?
Checking bit errors and determining output link
What is the time taken for the last car to propagate from the 1st to the 2nd toll booth in the caravan analogy?
1 hour
Based on the information provided, what is the average queueing delay when La/R is close to 1?
Large
In the caravan analogy, what is the speed at which the cars propagate after 'suppose cars now “propagate” at 1000 km/hr'?
1000 km/hr
What happens when La/R is greater than 1 in terms of packet queueing delay?
Average queueing delay increases
What does the traceroute program provide in terms of Internet path measurement?
Delay measurement from source to destination
After how many cars arrive at the second toll booth in the caravan analogy, there are still three cars at the first booth?
7 minutes
This quiz covers topics related to the internet structure, ISPs (Internet Service Providers), and Internet Exchange Points (IXPs). Test your knowledge on how the internet functions as a 'network of networks' and the role of ISPs in providing connectivity.
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