Interfacing the CPU with Memory and IO System Bus

Questions and Answers

What are the three components of the system bus mentioned in the text?

Control, address, data

In the simple CPU mentioned in the text, how many address lines are there?

What does the Bus Interface Unit (BIU) in 8088/8086 CPUs do?

Handle instruction fetching and data transfer

How many bits does the address bus have for the 8088 CPU?

20 Signup and view all the answers

What type of operations does the fetch and execute units in 8088/8086 CPUs perform?

Independent and sequential Signup and view all the answers

What are the two units that operate in parallel in 8088/8086 CPUs?

Bus interface unit and execution unit Signup and view all the answers

How many bits is the data bus for the 8088 CPU?

8 Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential responsibility of the Bus Interface Unit (BIU) mentioned in the text?

Handling input/output operations Signup and view all the answers

What does the RSP register address in a microprocessor?

An area of memory called the stack Signup and view all the answers

Which flag holds the carry after an addition or the borrow after a subtraction?

C (carry) Signup and view all the answers

What does the RIP register address in a microprocessor?

The next instruction in a section of memory Signup and view all the answers

What does the S (sign) flag hold in a microprocessor?

The arithmetic sign of the result after an arithmetic or logic instruction Signup and view all the answers

Which flag indicates whether the result of an arithmetic or logic operation is zero?

Z (zero) Signup and view all the answers

What does the P (parity) flag indicate in a microprocessor?

The count of ones in a number expressed as even or odd Signup and view all the answers

What does the A (auxiliary carry) flag hold in a microprocessor?

The carry (half-carry) after addition or the borrow after subtraction between bit positions 3 and 4 of the result Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the RFLAGS register in a microprocessor?

Indicate the condition of the microprocessor and control its operation Signup and view all the answers

What does the TF flag do in 8086?

Enables trapping through an on-chip debugging feature Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the I (interrupt) flag?

Controls operation of the INTR input pin Signup and view all the answers

When the D (direction) flag is set to 1, what happens to the registers?

The registers are decremented Signup and view all the answers

In what situation does an overflow occur?

When signed numbers are added or subtracted Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the IOPL flag in protected mode operation?

Selects the privilege level for I/O devices Signup and view all the answers

What does the NT flag indicate in protected mode operation?

Indicates that the current task is nested within another task Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the RF flag when used with debugging?

Controls resumption of execution after the next instruction Signup and view all the answers

What does the VM flag bit do in a protected mode system?

Selects virtual mode operation Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

System Bus Components

The three components of the system bus are: data bus, address bus, and control bus

8088 CPU Architecture

The 8088 CPU has 20 address lines
The data bus of the 8088 CPU is 8 bits wide
The address bus of the 8088 CPU has 20 bits

Bus Interface Unit (BIU)

The BIU retrieves instructions from memory, decodes them, and generates control signals
An essential responsibility of the BIU is to manage data transfer between the CPU and memory

Fetch and Execute Units

The fetch unit retrieves instructions from memory and decodes them
The execute unit executes the instructions
The fetch and execute units operate in parallel

Registers

The RIP register holds the address of the next instruction to be executed
The RSP register holds the address of the top of the stack
The RFLAGS register contains flags that reflect the result of arithmetic and logical operations

Flags

The Carry flag (CF) holds the carry after an addition or the borrow after a subtraction
The Sign flag (S) holds the sign of the result (negative or positive)
The Zero flag (Z) indicates whether the result of an arithmetic or logical operation is zero
The Parity flag (P) indicates whether the result has even or odd parity
The Auxiliary Carry flag (A) holds the carry from the lower nibble to the upper nibble
The Direction flag (D) controls the direction of string operations
The Interrupt flag (I) enables or disables interrupts
The Trap flag (TF) enables single-step mode for debugging
The Nested Task flag (NT) indicates whether the current task is nested
The I/O Privilege Level (IOPL) flag determines the I/O privilege level
The Virtual Mode flag (VM) enables virtual mode operation
The Resume flag (RF) resumes execution after an exception

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Description

This quiz covers the interfacing of the CPU with memory and IO using the system bus, which consists of control, address, and data buses. It also explores the internal architecture of the 8088/8086 processors.