Questions and Answers
What is the process where atoms or molecules are arranged into a defined repeating pattern known as?
Crystallization
Why do igneous rocks formed below Earth's surface generally have larger crystals?
Magma cools down slowly, allowing time for the formation of larger crystals
What did Norman Bowen hypothesize as the main factor influencing the occurrence of certain minerals together in igneous rocks?
The temperature at which the rocks cooled
What did Norman Bowen study during his research on igneous rocks?
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What did Bowen observe about the crystals in igneous rocks formed from magma at different temperatures?
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What are the two important means of predicting igneous rock formation mentioned in the text?
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What is the result of magma cooling above Earth's surface?
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What is Bowen's reaction series?
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Which mineral crystallizes at higher temperatures according to Bowen's reaction series?
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What is the mnemonic for remembering the order of minerals formed in the discontinuous series of Bowen's reactions?
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What is magmatic differentiation?
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Which mineral is at the top of the continuous series of Bowen's reaction series?
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What happens in magmatic differentiation as crystals solidify within the magma?
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What mnemonic can be used to remember the last minerals and the temperatures when they are formed in the discontinuous series of Bowen's reactions?
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What does Bowen's reaction series explain?
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