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Urinary System Function and Disorders Quiz
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Urinary System Function and Disorders Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the role of natriuretic hormone in diabetic kidney disease?

  • Promotes vasodilation in the nephron
  • Inhibits ADH release
  • Causes Na+ reabsorption
  • Opposes aldosterone and promotes Na+ secretion (correct)
  • Which hormone controls the reabsorption of calcium in the kidneys?

  • Parathyroid hormone (correct)
  • ADH
  • Natriuretic hormone
  • Aldosterone
  • What do baroreceptors in the aorta and carotid sinuses primarily monitor?

  • Hormone levels in the blood
  • Blood pressure changes (correct)
  • Glucose levels in the blood
  • Oxygen levels in the blood
  • How does caffeine affect the nephron in terms of vasodilation?

    <p>Promotes vasodilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone indirectly controls sodium levels in the body?

    <p>ADH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of juxtaglomerular apparatus in response to decreased pressure?

    <p>Secretion of renin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the nephrons in the kidney?

    <p>Form urine and adjust red blood cell production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where in the nephron does the active reabsorption of sodium primarily occur?

    <p>Proximal Convoluted Tubule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is responsible for increasing sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule?

    <p>Aldosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure of the kidney is responsible for funneling urine to the ureters through peristalsis?

    <p>Renal Pelvis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the macula densa in the nephron?

    <p>Release ATP and adenosine based on flow rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the collecting ducts in the kidney?

    <p>Control sodium reabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the volume of filtrate formed by both kidneys per minute?

    <p>Glomerular Filtration Rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of endothelins in the regulation of renal blood flow?

    <p>Cause vasoconstriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Oliguria' refers to a condition where an individual excretes approximately how much urine per day?

    <p>$300-500$ mL/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Polyuria' may indicate various conditions, including excess water intake and certain diseases. What volume of urine excretion per day generally indicates polyuria?

    <p>$more$ than $2.5$ L/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

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