Urinary System Function and Disorders Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of natriuretic hormone in diabetic kidney disease?

  • Regulates calcium reabsorption
  • Promotes sodium reabsorption
  • Increases aldosterone secretion
  • Causes sodium secretion (correct)

    • Which hormone regulates calcium reabsorption and blocks phosphate reabsorption?

  • Natriuretic hormone
  • Parathyroid hormone (PTH) (correct)
  • Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
  • Aldosterone

    • Which mechanisms are involved in volume sensing and blood pressure regulation?

  • Parathyroid hormone and vitamin D receptors
  • Baroreceptors in the aorta and carotid sinuses, and renin release from the juxtaglomerular apparatus (correct)
  • Urine pH regulation and acid/base homeostasis
  • Aldosterone and natriuretic hormone

    • Which substance promotes vasodilation in the nephron?

    <p>Caffeine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of vitamin D in the kidney?

    <p>Regulates calcium reabsorption (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a waste product produced by protein breakdown and excreted by the kidneys?

    <p>Creatinine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidney?

    <p>Regulate blood glucose levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the glomerulus?

    <p>To filter the blood and form urine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nephron is responsible for regulating sodium reabsorption in response to aldosterone?

    <p>Distal convoluted tubule (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the macula densa?

    <p>To secrete renin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is associated with oliguria (low urine output)?

    <p>Kidney failure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which the proximal convoluted tubule reabsorbs solutes?

    <p>Active transport (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the collecting duct?

    <p>To regulate water reabsorption (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances is NOT reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule?

    <p>Potassium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the loop of Henle?

    <p>To concentrate the urine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a mechanism that regulates renal blood flow?

    <p>Insulin secretion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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