Urinary System Function and Disorders Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which hormone is the opposite of aldosterone and causes increased sodium secretion in the kidney?

  • Renin
  • Natriuretic hormone (correct)
  • Parathyroid hormone
  • Antidiuretic hormone

What effect does parathyroid hormone have on calcium and phosphate reabsorption in the kidney?

  • Decreases both calcium and phosphate reabsorption
  • Decreases calcium reabsorption and increases phosphate reabsorption
  • Increases calcium reabsorption and blocks phosphate reabsorption (correct)
  • Increases both calcium and phosphate reabsorption

What is the primary mechanism by which the kidney senses changes in blood pressure?

  • Osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus
  • Baroreceptors in the aorta and carotid sinuses (correct)
  • Chemoreceptors in the juxtaglomerular apparatus
  • Mechanoreceptors in the renal tubules

How do diuretics like caffeine affect the kidney?

<p>Caffeine promotes vasodilation in the nephron (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does alcohol affect the kidney?

<p>Alcohol inhibits ADH release (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal pH range of urine?

<p>4.5 - 8.0 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for daily urine output?

<p>500 mL to 2.5 L (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the kidney?

<p>To filter blood and maintain homeostatic balance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the macula densa?

<p>Both A and B (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the renal hilum?

<p>To recover water and solutes that need to be reabsorbed into circulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the distal convoluted tubule?

<p>Both B and C (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the loop of Henle?

<p>To reabsorb water and solutes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the proximal convoluted tubule?

<p>To actively pump out sodium and reabsorb water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the glomerulus?

<p>To filter blood and form the initial filtrate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of systemic edema?

<p>Decreased blood osmotic pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the collecting duct?

<p>To regulate water reabsorption through ADH (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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