Mcpc exam 3 week 4 Toxicology
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Questions and Answers

____ refers to what the body does to the toxin while ____ refers to what the toxin does to the body

Toxicokinetics ; Toxicodynamics

____: substances travel from entry site throughout the body

  • Absorption
  • Distribution (correct)
  • Metabolism
  • Excretion

    • ____:substance or metabolites are removed from the body via waste

  • Absorption
  • Distribution
  • Metabolism
  • Excretion (correct)

    • A Large VD (____) implies that the drug is mainly distributed into the tissues

    <p>&gt;5L/kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug does NOT have a large VD?

    <p>Phenobarbital</p> Signup and view all the answers

    T/F: Drugs with small VD are mainly confined to blood compartment

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is NOT one of the organs primarily responsible for excretion and metabolism?

    <p>Small Intestines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    T/F: If an oral drug injures the epithelial barrier of the gastrointestinal tract it will not affect absorption

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the concentration of drug in the blood increases and blood protein-binding capacity is exceeded, will this result in an INCREASED or DECREASED fraction of free drug and GREATER or LESSER toxic effect?

    <p>INCREASED/GREATER</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An overdose of which drug would lead to tachycardia and hypertension?

    <p>Cocaine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    T/F: If a patient was admitted to the E.R. for possible opioid overdose (has a large Vd), hemodialysis would be used as a treatment

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug could lead to a patient dying of cellular Hypoxia?

    <p>Cyanide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    T/F: If a poisoned patient is presenting with coma, seizures, or altered mental status the ABCDs should be used regardless of poison involved

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is one the ABCDs of poisoning

    <p>Dextrose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these could NOT be used for decontaminating the GI tract

    <p>Peritoneal dialysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the antidote to the poison

    <p>Flumazenil = Benzos Oxygen = Carbon Monoxide hydroxocobalamin = Cyanide Naloxone = Opioids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    T/F: Hemodialysis is more efficient than Peritoneal dialysis is enhancing elimination of most drugs

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If an individual was admitted to the E.R. and died from the loss of respiratory reflexes which resulted in a coma then which of the following classifications is how the poisoned patient died?

    <p>CNS depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for anion gap?

    <p>12-16 mEq/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the toxic acetaminophen dose for children?

    <p>150-200 mg/kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the antidote for Acetaminophen?

    <p>N-acetylcysteine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is NOT a treatment for Cyanide?

    <p>None of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match term to definition

    <p>Toxicity = ability to cause an adverse effect Hazard = potential to cause an adverse effect in a given situation or setting (likelihood) Exposure = coming into contact with a substance Risk = expected frequency of the occurrence of an adverse effect arising from exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Being exposed to a hazard for two months would qualify as which duration?

    <p>Subchronic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does ED50 mean?

    <p>dose causes response in 50% of the test subject</p> Signup and view all the answers

    T/F: Increased therapeutic index means increased safety

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would be the therapeutic index for a drug with an LD50 of 20 and ED50 of 2?

    <p>10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Calculate anion gap for the following patient: Na = 135 meq/l, K = 5 mEq/l, HCO3 = 10 mEq/l, Cl= 115 mEq/l

    <p>15 mEq/l</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What's the margin of safety for a drug with an LD1 of 7 and an ED99 of 9

    <p>.77</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An anticoag clinic would be an example of which type of professional services

    <p>Professional Services 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the leading cause of preventable injury-related death

    <p>Poisoning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drug is the #1 cause of acute liver failure in the US?

    <p>Acetaminophen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Acetaminophen has Antipyretic activity at serum [APAP] of _____?

    <p>4 - 18 mcg/mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the toxic dose for acute ingestion of APAP?

    <p>&gt;150 mg/kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which would NOT lead to a person being at higher risk for APAP toxcitiy?

    <p>Older age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is NOT a lab that needs to be monitored after APAP poisoning?

    <p>WBC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does Phase I of APAP poisoning last?

    <p>30 mins-24 h</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of APAP poisoning would liver necrosis occur?

    <p>Phase III</p> Signup and view all the answers

    T/F: APAP levels should be drawn after 4 hours post ingestion

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is a risk of activated charcoal?

    <p>Pneumonitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is true about sorbitol?

    <p>All of the above are true</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is NOT a Criteria for discontinuing NAC after APAP ingestion

    <p>[APAP] &lt; 20 mcg/mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    T/F: The 2 bag NAC Regimen is FDA approved

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    HD recommended with NAC in those with [APAP] >____ with acidosis or altered consciousness

    <p>900 μg/mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is NOT a symptom seen in Aspirin toxicity?

    <p>Bradycardia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the [Salicylate] to diagnose toxicity? 30 mg/dL

    <p>&gt; 30 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sodium bicarbonate is given to treat ___ during Salicylate toxicity?

    <p>Metabolic acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If aspirin toxicity happens in a pregnant woman, ____ can occur to the fetus

    <p>Kernicterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ___ is the most commonly used NSAIDs and the least toxic of the NSAIDs

    <p>Ibuprofen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pediatric single dose toxcity for ibuprofen?

    <p>&gt;200 mg/kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is not a treatment option for NSAID poisoning?

    <p>Atropine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which poision would most likely cause severe blisters on eyes and skin?

    <p>Lewisite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred treatment if a patient overdoses on an anticholinergic agent?

    <p>Physostigmine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the antidote for Anticholinesterase insecticides?

    <p>Atropine</p> Signup and view all the answers

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