Toxins and Staphylococcus Bacterial Toxins

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Questions and Answers

What are the three types of protein exotoxins mentioned in the text?

Type I toxins (Superantigens), Type II toxins (Membrane-disrupting toxins), Type III toxins (A-B toxins)

What are the three non-protein toxins mentioned in the text?

LPS (endotoxin), TA, and LTA

What is the function of LPS-binding protein?

It binds to CD14 receptor to trigger inflammatory cytokines

What are some of the consequences of endotoxin activation?

Increased vascular permeability, activation of complement cascade, activation of coagulase cascade, decrease in blood pressure, organ failure, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main structural component of the cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria?

LPS complex Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main types of toxins mentioned in the text?

Protein exotoxins and non-protein toxins Signup and view all the answers

What are the three subtypes of protein exotoxins mentioned in the text?

Type I toxins (Superantigens)- Type II toxins (Membrane-disrupting toxins)- Type III toxins (A-B toxins) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of LPS (endotoxin) in Gram-negative bacteria?

It is a structural component of the cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria. Signup and view all the answers

How do non-protein toxins such as LPS, TA, and LTA interact with the immune system?

They interact with Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and trigger inflammatory responses. Signup and view all the answers

What are some of the consequences of endotoxin activation?

Activation of inflammatory cytokines, complement cascade, increased vascular permeability, coagulase cascade, formation of clots in small vessels, decrease in blood pressure, organ failure, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Signup and view all the answers

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