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Questions and Answers
Which type of pacemaker can regulate the heart rate by giving external electrical stimulation impulses?
What is the specialized tissue in the right atrium of the heart known as?
In abnormal situations, what happens if the natural pacemaker ceases to function or becomes unreliable?
Which therapeutic equipment is used to give external electrical stimulation impulses to regulate the heart rate?
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What type of diathermy uses short wave and micro wave technology?
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What is the need for a pacemaker, as discussed in the text?
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What is the basic structure of a pacemaker?
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Which type of electrode arrangement can be used with cardiac pacemakers?
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What is the main difference between fixed rate and demand pacemakers?
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What determines the frequency and duration of the impulses in a pacemaker?
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When are external pacemakers used?
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What does the lead include in a pacemaker?
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In a bipolar system for cardiac pacing, how many electrodes are placed on the heart for myocardial stimulation?
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Why has the demand pacemaker almost replaced the fixed rate pacemaker?
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What is the mode of application of stimulating pulses to the heart in internal pacemakers?
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What is included in the electronic circuit of a pacemaker?
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What is the specialized tissue in the right atrium of the heart known as?
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What type of diathermy uses short wave and micro wave technology?
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What is the mode of application of stimulating pulses to the heart in internal pacemakers?
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What determines the frequency and duration of the impulses in a pacemaker?
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What is the main difference between fixed rate and demand pacemakers?
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When are external pacemakers used?
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What are the two main parts of a pacemaker?
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What types of waveforms are commonly used for pacing?
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How many electrodes are placed on the heart for myocardial stimulation in a unipolar system for cardiac pacing?
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What is the main difference between external and internal pacemakers?
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What type of pacemaker is intended for patients having permanent heart blocks?
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What determines the frequency and duration of the impulses in a pacemaker?
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What is the specialized tissue in the right atrium of the heart known as?
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Which type of electrode arrangement can be used with cardiac pacemakers?
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What type of pacemaker rhythm avoids competition between the heart’s natural rhythm and the pacemaker rhythm?
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When are external pacemakers used?
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Study Notes
Pacemaker Overview
- A pacemaker is a therapeutic equipment used to regulate heart rate by giving external electrical stimulation impulses.
- The basic structure of a pacemaker includes two main parts: a pulse generator and a lead.
- The pulse generator produces electrical impulses, and the lead carries these impulses to the heart.
Types of Pacemakers
- Fixed rate pacemakers: Produce impulses at a fixed rate, unaffected by the heart's natural rhythm.
- Demand pacemakers: Regulate heart rate according to the heart's natural rhythm, only producing impulses when necessary.
- External pacemakers: Used temporarily until a permanent pacemaker is implanted or until the heart's natural pacemaker resumes function.
- Internal pacemakers: Implanted permanently in the body to regulate heart rate.
Pacemaker Function
- The frequency and duration of impulses in a pacemaker are determined by the pulse generator.
- A pacemaker can be set to produce impulses in a bipolar or unipolar electrode arrangement.
- In a bipolar system, two electrodes are placed on the heart for myocardial stimulation.
- In a unipolar system, one electrode is placed on the heart and the other on the metal casing of the pacemaker.
Heart Anatomy and Pacemaker Need
- The specialized tissue in the right atrium of the heart is known as the sinoatrial (SA) node or natural pacemaker.
- A pacemaker is needed when the natural pacemaker ceases to function or becomes unreliable, leading to abnormal heart rhythms.
- A pacemaker is intended for patients having permanent heart blocks, which can cause abnormal heart rhythms.
Diathermy and Pacemaker Rhythm
- Diathermy using short wave and micro wave technology can be used in conjunction with pacemakers.
- A pacemaker rhythm that avoids competition between the heart's natural rhythm and the pacemaker rhythm is known as asynchronous pacing or ventricular inhibited pacing.
- External pacemakers are used when the natural pacemaker is unreliable or when a permanent pacemaker is not yet implanted.
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Description
Test your knowledge on therapeutic equipment such as pacemakers, defibrillators, diathermy, and ventilators. Explore topics like types of pacemakers, defibrillators with synchronizer circuit, diathermy techniques, nerve and muscle stimulators, and the need for pacemakers.
