Therapeutic Communication and Diversity
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Questions and Answers

What is therapeutic communication?

A process of communicating with patients and family members in healthcare.

What is diversity?

The differences and similarities in identity, perspectives, and points of view.

What are the types of diversity?

Nationality, race, culture, ethnicity, and social factors.

What is nationality?

<p>Pertains to the country where the person was born or holds their citizenship.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is race?

<p>A group of people who have the same physical characteristics (skin color).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is culture?

<p>General customs, norms, values, and beliefs held by a group of people.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is ethnicity?

<p>A group of people who share a common ancestry, culture, religion, traditions, nationality, language, and so on.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are social factors?

<p>All the ways a person is different from others (lifestyle, religion, tastes, and preferences).</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding age diversity important?

<p>It is important not to stereotype a person because of age.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are positive acts of respectful communication?

<p>Smiling, a pleasant greeting, and eye contact when first meeting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should you interact with patients during interactions?

<p>Be courteous, sincere, polite, welcoming, and professional.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does rate mean pertaining to nonverbal communication?

<p>The speed at which the speaker talks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does clarity mean pertaining to nonverbal communication?

<p>Refers to quality of the voice, clearness of voice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does volume mean pertaining to nonverbal communication?

<p>Refers to loudness of the speaker's voice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does pitch mean pertaining to nonverbal communication?

<p>Refers to the highness and lowness of the voice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does tone mean pertaining to nonverbal communication?

<p>Refers to the tone of voice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the 2 types of verbal communication?

<p>Written and oral.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some types of verbal communication?

<p>Written messages, phone messages, letters and emails, online information and media.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a passive communicator?

<p>Someone who communicates with a soft voice, head down, fidgets, no eye contact.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an aggressive communicator?

<p>Someone who communicates with a low voice, big, sharp, and fast gestures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an assertive communicator?

<p>Medium pitch, speed and volume of voice, good eye contact.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is active listening?

<p>Being fully concentrated on what is being said and how it is being said.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an open question?

<p>Asks for general information and encourages patients to respond comfortably.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a closed question?

<p>Asks for specific information/yes or no.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does reflection look like when therapeutically communicating?

<p>Putting words to a person's emotional reaction, which acknowledges their feelings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does restatement or paraphrasing look like when therapeutically communicating?

<p>Rewording or rephrasing a statement to check the meaning and interpretation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does clarification do in therapeutic communication?

<p>It allows the listener to get additional information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does environmental distractions mean pertaining to communication barriers?

<p>Noise, lack of privacy, temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does internal distractions mean pertaining to communication barriers?

<p>Pain, hunger, anger, tiredness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does hearing impaired mean pertaining to communication barriers?

<p>Unable to hear verbal communication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does illiterate mean pertaining to communication barriers?

<p>Unable to read or write.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Erikson's stage of psychosocial development; initiative vs guilt?

<p>3 to 6 years of age (preschool); encouraged to try new activities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Erikson's stage of psychosocial development; identity vs role confusion?

<p>12 to 18 years of age (adolescence); to know who you are as a person.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Erikson's stage of psychosocial development; ego integrity vs despair?

<p>60 and older (late adulthood); reflection on one's life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does denial mean in Kübler-Ross' stages of grief and dying?

<p>Refuses to accept the fact; a defense mechanism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does anger mean in Kübler-Ross' stages of grief and dying?

<p>Can be directed at self or others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does bargaining mean in Kübler-Ross' stages of grief and dying?

<p>Attempts to bargain with a higher power the person believes in.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does depression mean in Kübler-Ross' stages of grief and dying?

<p>Feel sad, fearful, and uncertain; may distance oneself from others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does acceptance mean in Kübler-Ross' stages of grief and dying?

<p>Has come to terms with the situation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding the patient's behavior important?

<p>Their behaviors relate to the needs, defense mechanisms, and coping mechanisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the five stages of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

<p>Physical needs, emotional needs, esteem/need for knowledge and beauty, need for self-fulfillment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of physiological needs in Maslow's hierarchy?

<p>Food, drink, shelter, warmth, oxygen, sleep, etc.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the love and belongingness level in Maslow's hierarchy is unmet?

<p>Unmet need can lead to feelings of isolation, loneliness, and depression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do people use defense mechanisms?

<p>They are used to protect themselves from situations or information they cannot handle psychologically.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can the use of defense mechanisms cause?

<p>May hide a variety of thoughts or feelings, including anger, fear, sadness, despair, helplessness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is stress?

<p>A condition that causes physical and/or emotional tension.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are healthy ways to cope with stress?

<p>Exercising, eating healthy, talking with others, sleep, take breaks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some ways medical assistants can adapt care from patient to patient?

<p>Write down information for a patient with a hearing impairment, speak slower to order patience, use play techniques with kids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Therapeutic Communication

  • Therapeutic communication is the process of engaging patients and families in healthcare contexts.
  • It includes active listening, open-ended questions, and respectful verbal and nonverbal interactions.

Diversity in Communication

  • Diversity encompasses differences and similarities in identity and perspectives.
  • Types of diversity include nationality, race, culture, ethnicity, and social factors.
  • Nationality refers to the country of birth or citizenship.
  • Race is categorized by shared physical characteristics, such as skin color.
  • Culture represents the customs, norms, values, and beliefs of a group.
  • Ethnicity involves shared ancestry, language, religion, and traditions.
  • Social factors highlight individual differences in lifestyle, religion, and preferences.

Age Diversity

  • Avoiding age stereotyping is crucial to respectful communication.

Positive Communication Behaviors

  • Smiling, eye contact, and pleasant greetings enhance initial interactions with patients.
  • Maintain a courteous and professional demeanor during patient interactions.

Nonverbal Communication

  • Rate refers to the speed of speech while clarity relates to vocal quality and intelligibility.
  • Volume describes the loudness of the speaker's voice.
  • Pitch involves the highness or lowness of a voice, and tone refers to the overall quality of vocal expression.

Verbal Communication

  • There are two main types of verbal communication: written and oral.
  • Examples include messages, emails, letters, and online content.

Communication Styles

  • Passive communicators are soft-spoken, avoid eye contact, and may appear hesitant.
  • Aggressive communicators use sharp gestures, maintain low voices, and invade personal space.
  • Assertive communicators maintain a balanced pitch, speed, and volume, utilizing good eye contact and open posture.

Active Listening

  • Active listening focuses on fully understanding the speaker's message through verbal and nonverbal cues (e.g., nodding, eye contact).

Types of Questions

  • Open questions encourage elaboration and personal responses.
  • Closed questions seek specific answers, typically yes or no.

Therapeutic Communication Techniques

  • Reflection acknowledges a person's feelings by articulating their emotional reactions.
  • Restatement or paraphrasing confirms understanding by rewording the speaker's statements.
  • Clarification is a technique to elicit further information for better understanding.

Communication Barriers

  • Environmental distractions include noise and privacy issues; solutions involve creating a quiet, private setting.
  • Internal distractions stem from individual feelings such as pain or anger; comfort measures can alleviate these.
  • Hearing impairment can be addressed through written materials and subtitles.
  • Illiteracy can be mitigated by using visual aids and simple language.

Psychosocial Development Stages (Erikson)

  • Initiative vs. Guilt (3-6 years): Encourage new activities using simple language and role-playing.
  • Identity vs. Role Confusion (12-18 years): Foster self-image through privacy and responsible decision-making.
  • Ego Integrity vs. Despair (60+ years): Communicate with dignity, avoiding slang and complex terms.

Stages of Grief (Kübler-Ross)

  • Denial: An immediate defense mechanism to cope with reality.
  • Anger: Can be directed inward or outward.
  • Bargaining: Seeking to negotiate a better outcome with a higher power.
  • Depression: Feelings of sadness and withdrawal from activities.
  • Acceptance: Coming to terms with the situation.

Understanding Patient Behavior

  • Patient behaviors stem from needs and coping mechanisms, influencing their care.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

  • Includes physiological needs, emotional needs, esteem, and self-fulfillment.
  • Physiological needs (e.g., food, shelter) are essential for survival.
  • Unmet love and belongingness can lead to isolation and depression.

Defense Mechanisms

  • Used by individuals to protect against psychological distress.
  • Can obscure feelings like anger and fear, complicating caregiver interactions.

Understanding Stress

  • Defined as physical or emotional tension; managing it healthily involves exercise, proper nutrition, and effective communication.

Adapting Patient Care

  • Tailor approaches based on patient needs, such as using visual aids for those with hearing impairments and employing child-friendly techniques.

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Description

This quiz explores the principles of therapeutic communication and the importance of diversity in healthcare interactions. It covers essential topics such as active listening, cultural considerations, and positive communication behaviors to enhance patient engagement. Test your knowledge on these vital aspects of effective healthcare communication.

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