The Lymphatic and Immune System Chapter 21.1 Quiz

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What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?

To bring excess fluid and filter pathogens from the blood (correct)

To remove waste products from the body

To transport oxygen and nutrients throughout the body

To produce red blood cells

How does lymph move through the lymphatic system?

It moves through breathing, muscle contraction, and body movements (correct)

It is pumped by the heart

It is propelled by the flow of blood in nearby blood vessels

It moves through the contraction of specialized lymph vessels

Which of the following is NOT a barrier defense in the immune system?

Stomach acid

Mucous membranes

Skin

Lymphocytes (correct)

Which type of leukocytes coordinate the adaptive immune response?

Lymphocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of B cells in the immune system?

To produce antibodies that bind to specific antigens Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following areas of the body does NOT have lymph vessels?

Central nervous system Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of lymph nodes?

To filter lymph and remove debris and pathogens Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the spleen is correct?

It is known as the 'filter of the blood' Signup and view all the answers

What are lymphoid nodules?

Dense clusters of lymphocytes without a fibrous capsule, found in respiratory and digestive tracts Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of tonsils in the immune system?

To develop immunity to oral pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What is MALT?

Lymphoid follicles found in the gastrointestinal tract, breast tissue, lungs, and eyes Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of germinal centers in lymph nodes and nodules?

To serve as sites for rapidly dividing B cells and plasma cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of macrophages at an infection site?

Phagocytosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which only 2% of T cells successfully mature from thymocytes?

Positive selection Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of helper T cells?

Secreting cytokines to enhance other immune responses Signup and view all the answers

Which class of antibody is the first produced in a primary immune response?

IgM Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of central tolerance in B cell development?

To eliminate self-reactive B cells in the bone marrow Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of cytotoxic T cells?

Directly killing target cells by inducing apoptosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of peripheral tolerance in mature B cells?

To eliminate self-reactive B cells that have left the bone marrow Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of IgA antibodies?

Protecting mucosal surfaces from pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the secondary immune response?

To produce a stronger and faster response compared to the primary response Signup and view all the answers

What is the main mechanism by which the immune system fights viral infections?

Cytotoxic T cells and NK cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is most responsible for the innate immune response?

Macrophages Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of perforins and granzymes?

Induce apoptosis in infected cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the complement system?

Opsonize pathogens and attract phagocytes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a barrier defense?

Macrophages Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of histamine during inflammation?

Cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is responsible for the specificity of the adaptive immune response?

Variable regions on T cell receptors Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of antigen presenting cells (APCs)?

Present antigens to T cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of cytokines and chemokines?

Opsonize pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between acute and chronic inflammation?

Acute inflammation is short-term, while chronic inflammation is ongoing Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the innate immune system?

Provide a highly specific response to pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of B cells?

Secrete antibodies after attaching to an antigen Signup and view all the answers

Where do T cells mature?

Thymus gland Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a secondary lymphoid organ?

Bone marrow Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Natural Killer cells?

Provide the first line of defense against viruses and some cancers Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the thymus gland as a person ages?

It begins shrinking at birth and may totally be gone at age 120 Signup and view all the answers