The Lymphatic and Immune System Chapter 21.1 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?

  • To bring excess fluid and filter pathogens from the blood (correct)
  • To remove waste products from the body
  • To transport oxygen and nutrients throughout the body
  • To produce red blood cells

    • How does lymph move through the lymphatic system?

  • It moves through breathing, muscle contraction, and body movements (correct)
  • It is pumped by the heart
  • It is propelled by the flow of blood in nearby blood vessels
  • It moves through the contraction of specialized lymph vessels

    • Which of the following is NOT a barrier defense in the immune system?

  • Stomach acid
  • Mucous membranes
  • Skin
  • Lymphocytes (correct)

    • Which type of leukocytes coordinate the adaptive immune response?

    <p>Lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of B cells in the immune system?

    <p>To produce antibodies that bind to specific antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following areas of the body does NOT have lymph vessels?

    <p>Central nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of lymph nodes?

    <p>To filter lymph and remove debris and pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the spleen is correct?

    <p>It is known as the 'filter of the blood'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are lymphoid nodules?

    <p>Dense clusters of lymphocytes without a fibrous capsule, found in respiratory and digestive tracts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of tonsils in the immune system?

    <p>To develop immunity to oral pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is MALT?

    <p>Lymphoid follicles found in the gastrointestinal tract, breast tissue, lungs, and eyes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of germinal centers in lymph nodes and nodules?

    <p>To serve as sites for rapidly dividing B cells and plasma cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of macrophages at an infection site?

    <p>Phagocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which only 2% of T cells successfully mature from thymocytes?

    <p>Positive selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of helper T cells?

    <p>Secreting cytokines to enhance other immune responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of antibody is the first produced in a primary immune response?

    <p>IgM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of central tolerance in B cell development?

    <p>To eliminate self-reactive B cells in the bone marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of cytotoxic T cells?

    <p>Directly killing target cells by inducing apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of peripheral tolerance in mature B cells?

    <p>To eliminate self-reactive B cells that have left the bone marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of IgA antibodies?

    <p>Protecting mucosal surfaces from pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the secondary immune response?

    <p>To produce a stronger and faster response compared to the primary response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mechanism by which the immune system fights viral infections?

    <p>Cytotoxic T cells and NK cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is most responsible for the innate immune response?

    <p>Macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of perforins and granzymes?

    <p>Induce apoptosis in infected cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the complement system?

    <p>Opsonize pathogens and attract phagocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a barrier defense?

    <p>Macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of histamine during inflammation?

    <p>Cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is responsible for the specificity of the adaptive immune response?

    <p>Variable regions on T cell receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of antigen presenting cells (APCs)?

    <p>Present antigens to T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of cytokines and chemokines?

    <p>Opsonize pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between acute and chronic inflammation?

    <p>Acute inflammation is short-term, while chronic inflammation is ongoing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the innate immune system?

    <p>Provide a highly specific response to pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of B cells?

    <p>Secrete antibodies after attaching to an antigen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do T cells mature?

    <p>Thymus gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a secondary lymphoid organ?

    <p>Bone marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Natural Killer cells?

    <p>Provide the first line of defense against viruses and some cancers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the thymus gland as a person ages?

    <p>It begins shrinking at birth and may totally be gone at age 120</p> Signup and view all the answers

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