37 Questions
What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?
To bring excess fluid and filter pathogens from the blood
How does lymph move through the lymphatic system?
It moves through breathing, muscle contraction, and body movements
Which of the following is NOT a barrier defense in the immune system?
Lymphocytes
Which type of leukocytes coordinate the adaptive immune response?
Lymphocytes
What is the primary function of B cells in the immune system?
To produce antibodies that bind to specific antigens
Which of the following areas of the body does NOT have lymph vessels?
Central nervous system
What is the primary function of lymph nodes?
To filter lymph and remove debris and pathogens
Which of the following statements about the spleen is correct?
It is known as the 'filter of the blood'
What are lymphoid nodules?
Dense clusters of lymphocytes without a fibrous capsule, found in respiratory and digestive tracts
What is the role of tonsils in the immune system?
To develop immunity to oral pathogens
What is MALT?
Lymphoid follicles found in the gastrointestinal tract, breast tissue, lungs, and eyes
What is the purpose of germinal centers in lymph nodes and nodules?
To serve as sites for rapidly dividing B cells and plasma cells
What is the main function of macrophages at an infection site?
Phagocytosis
What is the process by which only 2% of T cells successfully mature from thymocytes?
Positive selection
What is the main function of helper T cells?
Secreting cytokines to enhance other immune responses
Which class of antibody is the first produced in a primary immune response?
IgM
What is the purpose of central tolerance in B cell development?
To eliminate self-reactive B cells in the bone marrow
What is the main function of cytotoxic T cells?
Directly killing target cells by inducing apoptosis
What is the purpose of peripheral tolerance in mature B cells?
To eliminate self-reactive B cells that have left the bone marrow
What is the main function of IgA antibodies?
Protecting mucosal surfaces from pathogens
What is the purpose of the secondary immune response?
To produce a stronger and faster response compared to the primary response
What is the main mechanism by which the immune system fights viral infections?
Cytotoxic T cells and NK cells
Which of the following is most responsible for the innate immune response?
Macrophages
What is the function of perforins and granzymes?
Induce apoptosis in infected cells
What is the primary function of the complement system?
Opsonize pathogens and attract phagocytes
Which of the following is NOT a barrier defense?
Macrophages
What is the primary function of histamine during inflammation?
Cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability
Which of the following is responsible for the specificity of the adaptive immune response?
Variable regions on T cell receptors
What is the primary function of antigen presenting cells (APCs)?
Present antigens to T cells
Which of the following is NOT a function of cytokines and chemokines?
Opsonize pathogens
What is the primary difference between acute and chronic inflammation?
Acute inflammation is short-term, while chronic inflammation is ongoing
Which of the following is NOT a function of the innate immune system?
Provide a highly specific response to pathogens
What is the primary function of B cells?
Secrete antibodies after attaching to an antigen
Where do T cells mature?
Thymus gland
Which of the following is NOT a secondary lymphoid organ?
Bone marrow
What is the primary function of Natural Killer cells?
Provide the first line of defense against viruses and some cancers
What happens to the thymus gland as a person ages?
It begins shrinking at birth and may totally be gone at age 120
Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the lymphatic and immune systems, including the functions of lymph, immune system cells and organs, and the role of lymph nodes. Explore how dietary lipids are absorbed and how the lymphatic system filters pathogens.
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