AFA Chapter 15
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Questions and Answers

What type of fluids can be used if water is not available for a patient with heat-related illness?

  • Beverages
  • IV fluids
  • Electrolyte-replacement beverages
  • All of the above (correct)
  • Why is electrolyte replacement particularly important for patients with heat cramps?

  • To replenish lost electrolytes (correct)
  • To prevent dehydration
  • To lower body temperature
  • To reduce muscle contractions
  • What is the recommended action for caring for a patient with heat stroke?

  • Immerse the body in hot water
  • Apply heating pads to affected areas
  • Encourage physical activity to generate heat
  • Immerse as much of the body in cold water as possible (correct)
  • Which symptom is associated with heat exhaustion?

    <p>Weak pulse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic symptom of heat cramps?

    <p>Muscle contractions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is caution advised for rapid transport in cases of heat-related illnesses?

    <p>To minimize further complications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of mild hypothermia?

    <p>Vigorous shivering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if a hypothermic patient's clothing is very wet and shelter or transport is less than 30 minutes away?

    <p>Blot the skin without removing clothing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom indicates moderate hypothermia?

    <p>Weak and intermittent shivering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should be taken for a patient with severe hypothermia?

    <p>Handle the patient gently and keep him or her horizontal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be avoided when drying a hypothermic patient's skin?

    <p>Rubbing the skin vigorously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition may be present in a patient with severe hypothermia?

    <p>Stiffening of body tissues and unresponsiveness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the human body's normal core temperature?

    <p>37°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain controls thermoregulation in the body?

    <p>Hypothalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the body primarily convert into energy to generate heat?

    <p>Carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which response helps the body lose heat when it is too warm?

    <p>Vasodilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Apart from exercising, what other mechanism can produce heat in the body?

    <p>Digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which environmental stressor might cause illnesses while scuba diving?

    <p>High barometric pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do if a patient is responsive but suspected of having severe hypothermia?

    <p>Check pulse and respiration for 60 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action for a patient with mild hypothermia who is cold-stressed but not hypothermic?

    <p>Insulate with a vapour barrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In case a cold-stressed patient shows signs of moderate hypothermia with no breathing, what action should be taken?

    <p>Start CPR immediately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if a patient is cold and unresponsive, showing signs of severe hypothermia?

    <p>Reduce heat loss by adding dry clothing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action is recommended for a patient with severe hypothermia and no obvious vital signs?

    <p>Start CPR immediately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When handling a patient with mild hypothermia who is cold-stressed but not hypothermic, what should be avoided?

    <p>Rapid transportation if no improvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of an arterial gas embolism (AGE) according to the text?

    <p>Rapid gas expansion within the lung due to restricted air escape during ascent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are common signs and symptoms of an arterial gas embolism (AGE) as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Headaches, seizures, and confusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for arterial gas embolism (AGE) as per the text?

    <p>Providing supplemental high-concentration oxygen and rapid transportation to a medical facility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a pilot flying a patient with arterial gas embolism (AGE) do according to the text?

    <p>Fly at an altitude of 305 metres (1,000 feet) or less</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can arterial gas embolism (AGE) be best prevented based on the text?

    <p>Ascending with a closed glottis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should it be assumed that a diver has suffered from an arterial gas embolism (AGE) according to the text?

    <p>If they lose responsiveness within 10 minutes after surfacing</p> Signup and view all the answers

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