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Questions and Answers
What was a common belief among intellectuals regarding the church?
What was a common belief among intellectuals regarding the church?
What did Rousseau believe about women?
What did Rousseau believe about women?
What was a significant shift in thinking during the Age of Enlightenment?
What was a significant shift in thinking during the Age of Enlightenment?
Which philosopher is associated with skepticism that challenges church teachings?
Which philosopher is associated with skepticism that challenges church teachings?
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What was the primary idea promoted by Cesare Beccaria?
What was the primary idea promoted by Cesare Beccaria?
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What concept promotes understanding and respect for other cultures?
What concept promotes understanding and respect for other cultures?
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How did Montesquieu contribute to Enlightenment thought?
How did Montesquieu contribute to Enlightenment thought?
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How did the Lisbon Earthquake impact people's beliefs in the 18th century?
How did the Lisbon Earthquake impact people's beliefs in the 18th century?
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Which statement reflects Adam Smith's view on economics?
Which statement reflects Adam Smith's view on economics?
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What was the impact of examining race during the Enlightenment?
What was the impact of examining race during the Enlightenment?
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What was a significant philosophical stance during the Age of Enlightenment?
What was a significant philosophical stance during the Age of Enlightenment?
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What movement represented a critique of traditional religious belief during the Enlightenment?
What movement represented a critique of traditional religious belief during the Enlightenment?
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What do radical ideas on democracy imply in the Enlightenment context?
What do radical ideas on democracy imply in the Enlightenment context?
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Which of the following best describes the shift from religious belief to atheism in this era?
Which of the following best describes the shift from religious belief to atheism in this era?
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What revolutionary change was prompted by Enlightenment thinking?
What revolutionary change was prompted by Enlightenment thinking?
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What was one of the core ideas promoted by Enlightenment philosophers?
What was one of the core ideas promoted by Enlightenment philosophers?
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Which statement best describes the view of women in science during this era?
Which statement best describes the view of women in science during this era?
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What was a primary aim of Isaac Newton's contributions to science?
What was a primary aim of Isaac Newton's contributions to science?
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How did Copernicus' heliocentric model challenge previous beliefs?
How did Copernicus' heliocentric model challenge previous beliefs?
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What contribution did Francis Bacon make to the development of scientific inquiry?
What contribution did Francis Bacon make to the development of scientific inquiry?
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What was Rene Descartes' primary contribution to the scientific revolution?
What was Rene Descartes' primary contribution to the scientific revolution?
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What was William Harvey known for in the field of anatomy?
What was William Harvey known for in the field of anatomy?
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What key idea distinguishes the Age of Reason from previous eras in relation to truth-seeking?
What key idea distinguishes the Age of Reason from previous eras in relation to truth-seeking?
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Which scientist is incorrectly matched with their contribution?
Which scientist is incorrectly matched with their contribution?
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Study Notes
Scientific Revolution
- A shift in thinking, moving away from speculation to reason and observation.
- Questioning of the church's authority.
- Inductive reasoning, developing theories based on observations.
- Deductive reasoning, testing those theories to confirm or deny.
- The scientific method: observation, forming hypothesis, testing, and confirming/denying.
Scientific Method
- Developed during the Age of Reason.
- A significant break from medieval intellectual practices.
- Focus on empirical evidence and experimentation.
- Key figures like Newton and Bacon contributed significantly to its development.
Age of Reason
- The Enlightenment, a period of intellectual and philosophical ferment in Europe, heavily influencing scientific thought and method.
- Challenge to traditional authorities like the church.
- Emphasized reason and individualism.
- Individuals began to question existing societal structures.
Enlightenment Influences
- Challenged traditional views on religion, leading to a rise in Deism and skepticism.
- Promoted religious tolerance.
- Led to radical ideas on democracy and challenging traditional forms of government.
Enlightenment Spread
- Occurred through meetings in enlightened salons and coffee houses
- Important for wealthier groups
- Spreading through wider segments of society
- Facilitated by written communication and print media.
Enlightenment Philosophers
- Voltaire, Rousseau, Montesquieu, Diderot.
- Influenced monarchies to embrace certain enlightened principles
- Challenged traditional monarchical authority.
- Advocated for individual rights.
Enlightened Absolutism
- Monarchs embraced some Enlightenment ideals.
- Promoted elements of tolerance and rule of law while maintaining absolute power.
- Examples of monarchs who tried to apply these principles were Joseph II and Frederick II.
War of Austrian Succession
- A major European conflict.
- Several European powers clashed.
- New alliances were formed.
Seven Years' War
- A global conflict.
- Involved numerous European powers.
- A major shift in global power dynamics and European alliances.
Catherine the Great of Russia
- A significant ruler of the time.
- A period of notable modernization and societal advancement in Russia.
Neoclassicism
- A style of art and architecture inspired by ancient Greece and Rome.
- Emphasized reason, order, and simplicity.
- Focused on themes of civic virtue, duty, and heroism.
Women's Roles
- Women played key roles in salons, contributing to the spread of enlightened ideas.
- Their activities and participation during this time period were significant.
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Description
Explore the transformative ideas of the Scientific Revolution and the Age of Reason. This quiz covers the shift towards empirical observation, the development of the scientific method, and the major thinkers that influenced this pivotal period in history. Test your understanding of how reason challenged traditional beliefs and shaped modern science.
