Science and Technology in the Philippines
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Questions and Answers

What significant influence did the Americans have on science and technology in the Philippines?

  • They established formal education in the country.
  • They introduced advanced agricultural techniques.
  • They had more influence than the Spaniards. (correct)
  • They focused on traditional medicine practices.

What marked the beginning of formal science education in the Philippines?

  • The arrival of the Americans.
  • The founding of the New Republic.
  • The influence of World War II.
  • The establishment of Spanish colonial rule. (correct)

What was a major consequence of World War II on the Philippines?

  • Increased focus on traditional education methods.
  • A shift towards modern scientific research.
  • Advancements in technology and infrastructure.
  • Severe destruction and difficulty in rebuilding. (correct)

Which of the following areas is NOT included in the NRCP clustered policies?

<p>Literature Studies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about the Spaniards' contribution to science in the Philippines?

<p>They initiated formal science education. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After World War II, what was a key focus of the new republic in regard to science and technology?

<p>Using resources for the development of science and technology. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the goals of the Balik Scientist Program?

<p>To encourage Filipino scientists abroad to return and contribute locally (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which program provides funding for patents related to science and technology?

<p>DOST funding initiatives (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Establishing more branches of which institution is part of strengthening the country's S&T capability?

<p>Philippine Science High School System (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following individuals is known for their contributions in the field of science?

<p>Jose Bejar Crus Jr. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did the DOST have in relation to the ASEAN 2015 Agenda?

<p>It engaged the NRCP to recommend policies. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are internal influences on the development of science and technology in the Philippines?

<p>Cultural practices and social needs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an external influence on the development of science and technology in the Philippines?

<p>International economic demands. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the National Research Council of the Philippines (NRCP)?

<p>To recommend science and technology policies. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the national goals associated with the development of science and technology policies in the Philippines?

<p>To align with international treaties. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook?

<p>To analyze and rank countries based on their competencies. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following innovations is associated with Filipina scientist Aisa Mijeno?

<p>Sustainable Alternative Lighting (SALt) lamp (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the 2024 World Competitiveness ranking, which country is listed as 1st?

<p>Singapore (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Global Innovation Index used for?

<p>To assess innovation strengths and weaknesses globally. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Josefinos Casas Comiso known for?

<p>Outstanding research on tissue culture in Philippine mangoes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook provide in terms of data?

<p>Benchmarking and trends based on extensive research. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist is associated with the field of electrical engineering?

<p>Lourdes Jansuy Cruz (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which innovation is specifically mentioned as a Philippine initiative?

<p>SALt lamp (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the Philippines rank in the 2024 World Competitiveness report?

<p>52nd (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant contribution is Lilian Formalejo Patena known for?

<p>Plant biotechnology research (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a noted role of scientists and technologists in innovation?

<p>They are crucial for enabling innovation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scientists is an educator and graph theorist?

<p>Marijo Panganiban Ruiz (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What research area does Enrique Mapua Ostrea Jr. specialize in?

<p>Meconium drugs testing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which area does Fabian Millar Dayrit focus his research on?

<p>Herbal medicines (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary theme mentioned regarding the future needs in the Philippines?

<p>More scientists and engineers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technology-related research does Gregory Ligot Tangonan conduct?

<p>Communications technology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some key components of an innovation as defined by the Oslo Manual?

<p>New product or process (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Global Innovation Index (GII) primarily assess?

<p>Innovation ecosystem performance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT listed as a challenge for the Philippines in 2024?

<p>Affording universal healthcare (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a goal of the Philippine Development Plan regarding digitalization?

<p>To improve public service delivery efficiency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is cited as contributing to weaknesses in Science, Technology, and Innovation (STI) in the Philippines?

<p>Low government spending on STI (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of enhancing connectivity in the Philippine development strategy?

<p>To link markets and promote trade (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential benefit of reconfiguring public-private partnerships in the Philippines?

<p>Addressing cross-cutting issues of competition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which approach is intended to create a dynamic innovation ecosystem in the Philippines?

<p>Supporting the creation of innovation ecosystems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following strategies relates to the implementation of 'servicification' in the Philippine context?

<p>Building ecosystems around economic growth clusters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects the relationship between digitalization and transparency in public service?

<p>Digitalization improves transparency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Government Policies on Science and Technology

A government initiative aimed at improving the Philippines' scientific and technological capabilities.

Balik Scientist Program

A program launched by the Department of Science and Technology (DOST) to encourage Filipino scientists to return to the Philippines and contribute their expertise.

Funding for Basic Research and Patents

An initiative to provide financial support for research, patents, and scholarship opportunities in science and technology.

Expanding the Philippine Science High School System

A program that aims to establish more branches of the Philippine Science High School System for training young Filipinos in science and technology.

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Academia & Industry Partnerships

A program that encourages collaborations between academia and industry to develop scientific and technological manpower.

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External Influences on S&T in the Philippines

External forces that shaped S&T development in the Philippines, including colonial influences, trades with foreign countries, and international economic demands.

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Internal Influences on S&T in the Philippines

Internal factors that have shaped S&T development in the Philippines, such as survival, culture, economic activities.

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Science and Technology Policies in the Philippines

Government strategies to advance science and technology in the Philippines, including policies, legal frameworks, programs, and projects.

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Social Factors Influencing S&T Policy

The impact of social needs, issues, and problems on science and technology policy in the Philippines.

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Department of Science and Technology (DOST)

The government agency responsible for promoting and supporting S&T development and innovation in the Philippines.

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Spaniards' influence on science in the Philippines

The Philippines' education system underwent major changes when the Spaniards introduced formal education, establishing the foundation for science and technology in the country.

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American influence on science and technology in the Philippines

The Americans' emphasis on "Americanizing" the Philippines significantly impacted the development of science and technology. This influence can be seen in educational practices and infrastructure.

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World War II's impact on science and technology in the Philippines

The devastating effects of World War II had a significant impact on the Philippines' progress in science and technology. The country faced the challenge of rebuilding from the destruction.

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Post-war focus on science and technology in the Philippines

Post-war, the Philippines focused on utilizing its resources for science and technology development. This shift aimed to rebuild the nation and improve the lives of its citizens.

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The role of science and technology in the Philippines' nation-building

The Philippines' path to nation-building involved using science and technology to propel development and improve people's lives. This strategy emphasizes the role of research, innovation, and technology in addressing national challenges.

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Josefino Casas Comiso

A renowned scientist specializing in tissue culture, particularly for mango trees.

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Lourdes Jansuy Cruz

A recognized figure in electrical engineering who served in a prominent Institute.

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Fabian Millar Dayrit

Known for his research on the characteristics of Antarctica using satellite imagery.

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Enrique Mapua Ostrea Jr.

Focuses on studying the potential of sea snail venom for medicinal purposes.

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Rafael Dineros Guerrero III

His research interests center on the cultivation of tilapia.

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Lilian Formalejo Patena

Known for her contributions in the field of plant biotechnology.

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Mari-Jo Panganiban Ruiz

Considered an exceptional educator and a specialist in graph theory.

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Gregory Ligot Tangonan

A researcher focusing on advancements in communications technology.

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Innovation

The ability to create something new, useful, and valuable. It involves using resources creatively to solve problems and improve existing things.

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World Competitiveness

A measure of how well a country is using its resources, people, and technology to compete globally and improve its overall well-being.

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IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook

A yearly ranking that analyzes and compares the competitiveness of different countries based on various factors like innovation, infrastructure, and economic performance.

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Global Innovation Index

An index that evaluates a country's innovation ecosystem, assessing its performance across different areas like research, technology, and business.

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Innovation Capacity

The ability of a country to use technology and knowledge to solve problems, create wealth, and improve the lives of its citizens.

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World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)

An organization that compiles and publishes the Global Innovation Index, providing insights into innovation trends around the world.

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Competitiveness Strategy

A country's effort to improve its position in global competitiveness rankings through strategic initiatives and policies.

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Innovation Culture

A country's commitment to investing in its future by developing a strong innovation ecosystem, fostering talent, and encouraging technological advancement.

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Innovation (Oslo Manual Definition)

The implementation of a new or significantly improved product (good or service), a new process, a new marketing method, or a new organizational method in business practices, workplace organization, or external relations.

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Global Innovation Index (GII)

A framework that measures the innovation performance of economies around the world and highlights areas for improvement.

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Digitalization (Philippine Development Plan)

Focuses on making public services more efficient, transparent, and less prone to corruption.

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Servicification (Philippine Development Plan)

Creating economic clusters around potential high-growth industries to attract investments and expand demand.

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Dynamic Innovation Ecosystem (Philippine Development Plan)

Supports the creation and evolution of innovation ecosystems, ultimately generating more jobs.

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Greater Collaboration between Local and National Government (Philippine Development Plan)

Improving the capacity of local governments to deliver public services and raise revenue.

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Partnership with Private Sector (Philippine Development Plan)

Reconfiguring public-private partnerships to address issues like weak competition and the digital divide.

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Factors behind Weak Science, Technology & Innovation Ecosystem

A lack of public awareness about science and technology, weak social and professional culture, and low government spending on scientific research and development.

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Problems in Science, Technology & Innovation

A lack of skilled manpower in science and technology, and a lack of a robust research and development environment., and low investment in patents.

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Study Notes

Science, Technology, and Nation Building in the Philippines

  • The Philippines' Science, Technology, and Society (S&T) lesson 7 focuses on the historical context and current policies related to S&T development in the Philippines.

Brief Historical Background

  • Pre-Spanish Era S&T was embedded in daily life.
  • Spaniards introduced formal education and science.
  • Americans exerted greater influence, Americanizing the country.
  • World War II devastated the country, impacting S&T development.
  • The new republic prioritized using resources for S&T development.

Development of S&T in the Philippines

  • Internal Influences: Survival, culture, and economic activities.
  • External Influences: Foreign colonizers, trade with foreign countries, and international economic demands.

Development of Science and Technology Policies

  • National goals, international treaties, legal frameworks, and social needs/problems influence policies and programs for S&T.
  • Policies, programs, and projects of the science and technology sector are important components of S&T development.

Government Policies On Science and Technology

  • The Department of Science and Technology (DOST) has established policies clustered into four categories: Social Sciences, Humanities, Education, and International Policies and Governance; Physics, Engineering, Earth and Space Sciences, and Mathematics; Medical, Chemical, and Pharmaceutical Sciences; and Biological Sciences, Agriculture, and Forestry.
  • Various programs to strengthen S&T capability in the country, such as providing funding for basic research, establishing branches of the Philippine Science High School, scholarships, creating S&T parks, and supporting Filipino scientists abroad.

Famous Filipinos in the Field of Science

  • A variety of Filipino scientists, including Ramon Cabanos Barba, Jose Bejar Cruz Jr., Josefino Casas Comiso, Lourdes Jansuy Cruz, Fabian Millar Dayrit, Enrique Mapua Ostrea Jr., Rafael Dineros Guerrero III, and Lilian Formalejo Patena, as well as Mari-Jo Panganiban Ruiz and Gregory Ligot Tangonan, have made valuable contributions.

Modernization as an Indicator of S&T Implementation

  • Modernization is the greatest indicator of S&T implementation in a country.

Nostalgic and Meaningful Aspects of the Past

  • Aspects of the past that are nostalgic and meaningful could be brought back in today's modern era.

Innovation Culture in the Philippines

  • Notable Filipino scientists like Aisa Mijeno exemplify the innovation culture and are actively involved in technological advancements.
  • Examples of inventions include: Salamander amphibious trike, the Sustainable Alternative Lighting lamp and Diwata 1.
  • Innovation thrives with sufficient scientists and technologists.

World Competitiveness Ranking

  • The Philippines ranks low (52) on the 2024 IMD World Competitiveness index.

Competitiveness Landscape Challenges

  • Challenges in 2024 include sustaining job-generating investments; ensuring food security; addressing learning gaps; building sustainable infrastructure; and resolving territorial disputes.

Key Attractiveness Indicators

  • Key attractiveness indicators for the Philippines' economy are diverse, including skilled workers, positive attitudes, high educational attainment, cost competitiveness, economic dynamism, access to finance, and others.

How the Philippines Compares to Singapore

  • Singapore (1st) excels in various aspects of competitiveness relative to the Philippines (52nd).

Global Innovation Index

  • The Global Innovation Index (GII) ranks economies yearly and identifies their strengths, weaknesses, and innovation gaps.

2024 PHL Digital Competitiveness Ranking and Challenges

  • The Philippines has several challenges, including job creation, food security, educational improvement, infrastructure enhancement, and peaceful resolution of territorial disputes.
  • There are ongoing programs and policies in place to improve the country's performance in this area.

2023-2028 Philippine Development Plan Goals

  • The Philippine Development Plan emphasizes digitalization, servicification, and enhanced connectivity to drive innovation, job creation, and public service effectiveness.

Factors Hindering S&T Progress

  • Weaknesses in social and professional cultures hamper S&T development, along with low government spending and manpower limitations.

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Lesson 7: Science, Technology & Nation Building PDF

Description

This quiz explores the significant contributions and influences of American and local figures in the field of science and technology in the Philippines. It also addresses the impact of historical events such as World War II and the establishment of key programs supporting scientific endeavors in the country.

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