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Questions and Answers
What aspect of agriculture was developed during the Pre-Spanish Era in the Philippines?
Which area of research focuses on finding solutions to environmental changes and weather patterns?
Which major change occurred during the American period in terms of education?
Which scientist is known for research specifically on mango tissue culture?
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What was one impact of the Galleon Trade on the Philippines during Spanish colonization?
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What type of support is deemed essential for fostering scientific research in the Philippines?
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Which of the following institutions is known for its focus on marine science and fisheries?
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Which of the following policies is part of the NCRP policy cluster related to Social Sciences & Education?
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What scientific focus emerged during the post-World War II period in the Philippines?
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What is a key influence on policy development in scientific research?
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Which government program aims to attract overseas scientists to enhance local scientific capabilities?
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What does the PICARI Project facilitate in the Philippines?
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What is a primary goal of the ASEAN 2015 Agenda for the Philippines?
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Study Notes
Historical Background of Science and Technology in the Philippines
- Pre-Spanish Era: Emphasized indigenous practices in agriculture, animal care, celestial observations, and the use of medicinal plants.
- Tools were developed for agriculture, fishing, hunting, building, and music during this period.
Spanish Colonization
- Formal Education introduced through schools; subjects began to include science.
- Technology Adaptation occurred with the integration of Spanish methods using local materials.
- Galleon Trade facilitated the introduction of Western ideas; benefits primarily for Spaniards.
- Scientific Stagnation due to reliance on superstitions and Catholic doctrines.
American Period
- Public Education system established; modern science education initiated with the founding of the University of the Philippines.
- Infrastructure enhancements made in transportation, communication, and healthcare.
- Research focused on tropical diseases to address local health concerns.
- American Influence led to significant advancements in scientific and technological sectors.
Post-World War II
- Reconstruction Efforts aimed to rebuild and upgrade infrastructure and technologies.
- Official Development Assistance (ODA) contributed to the growth of scientific and technological capabilities.
Modern Era
- Ongoing Development stresses the importance of both international aid and local initiatives in advancing science and technology.
Government Policies on Science and Technology
- ASEAN 2015 Agenda focuses on enhancing competitiveness within the region; NCRP alignment is crucial.
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NCRP Policy Clusters include several key areas, notably:
- Social Sciences & Education: Emphasizes awareness and security in food and education.
- Physics & Engineering: Aims for improved academic programs and resources for science-driven development.
- Medical & Pharmaceutical Sciences: Advocates for adherence to ASEAN standards and increased research funding.
- Biological Sciences: Targets biodiversity conservation and food safety standards.
Government Programs
- Research Funding for both basic and applied projects with ODA support.
- Scholarships available for students pursuing science and technology fields.
- Philippine Science High School focuses on advanced training for future scientists.
- Science Parks promote collaboration between academia and industry.
- Balik Scientist Program encourages repatriation of Filipino scientists from abroad.
- National Science & Engineering Complex aims to enhance scientific workforce capabilities.
Capacity-Building Programs
- Centers of Excellence developed for specialized research enhancements.
- ESEP initiatives aim to increase PhD graduates in scientific fields.
- Regional Centers assist in supporting industry-oriented research.
- Strengthening of science education at early educational stages.
Education & STEM Initiatives
- Special Science Classes and K to 12 STEM Tracks initiated to drive interest in science.
- PICARI Project: A collaborative research effort between the US and the Philippines.
Future Research Areas
- Focus on Alternative Energy, Mineral Resources, Disease Cures, Climate Change, Food Production, Natural Resource Preservation, Disaster Response, and Infrastructure Development.
Laws and Frameworks
- Addresses a variety of themes including conservation, health, and technology.
- Complies with international standards set by organizations such as the UN, UNESCO, and ASEAN.
Policy Development Influences
- Policies shaped by national goals, international commitments, and social needs.
Notable Filipino Scientists
- Ramon Cabanos Barba: Innovator in mango tissue culture.
- Josefino Cacas Comiso: Satellite studies of Antarctica.
- Jose Bejar Cruz Jr.: Contributions to electrical engineering.
- Lourdes Jansuy Cruz: Research into sea snail venom.
- Fabian Millar Dayrit: Focus on herbal medicine.
- Rafael Dineros Guerrero III: Tilapia farming expert.
- Enrique Mapua Ostrea Jr.: Developed a drug test from meconium.
- Lilian Formalejo Patena: Research in plant biotechnology.
- Mari-Jo Panganiban Ruiz: Renowned educator and graph theorist.
- Gregory Ligot Tangonan: Innovations in communications technology.
Other Prominent Scientists
- Caesar A. Saloma: Recognized physicist.
- Edgardo Gomez: Expert in marine sciences.
- William Padolina: Chemistry specialist and NAST president.
- Angel Alcala: Known for marine science contributions.
Key Research Institutions
- UP-Los Baños: Renowned for agriculture and forestry studies.
- UP-Visayas: Focus on marine science and fisheries.
- UP-Manila: Medical and public health research conducted here.
- UP-Diliman: Houses the National Science and Engineering Complex.
Support Needed
- Increased number of scientists and engineers to strengthen research efforts.
- Development of more research facilities and dissemination of findings is essential.
Education Impact
- Schools and dedicated educators inspire scientific curiosity among students.
Global Recognition
- Filipino scientists achieve notable successes internationally despite resource limitations.
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Description
Explore the foundational concepts of science and technology in relation to nation-building, particularly focusing on the historical background in the Philippines. This quiz covers indigenous practices and changes during the Spanish colonization era, including education and technology adaptations.
