Radiological Procedures Quiz: Biliary & Reproductive Systems
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The purpose of lateral views in micturating cystourethrography studies is...

  • To assess bladder filling complications
  • To diagnose urethral trauma
  • To detect urinary tract infections
  • To evaluate for leaks
  • To detect fistulation (correct)

    • A film that may improve visualization of distal ureters is ....

  • 5-min film
  • Release film
  • Immediate film
  • 10-min film
  • Prone abdomen film (correct)

    • What are the alternative imaging modalities that can be used to characterize an adrenal mass as malignant?

  • Unenhanced CT and 18-F DOPA-PET
  • Contrast-enhanced CT and 18-F DOPA-PET
  • Unenhanced CT and 18-F FLT-PET
  • Contrast-enhanced CT and 18-F FDG-PET
  • Unenhanced CT and 18-F FDG-PET (correct)

    • The MRI sequence that is most commonly used to visualize the fluid-filled structures of the entire urinary tract (kidneys, ureters, bladder) is...

    <p>Static fluid-sensitive urography using heavily T2-weighted sequence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main indication for performing micturating cystourethrography in children ?

    <p>Vesicoureteric reflux</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using Antiperistaltic drugs before MRI of the prostate?

    <p>To reduce the bowel motion and distortion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of delayed thin-section scans in CT urogram?

    <p>To examine collecting systems and ureters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a contraindication to intravenous excretion urography?

    <p>Contrast medium allergy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The functional study included in multipara metric MRI prostate is........

    <p>DWI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The contraindication(s) for performing ascending urethrography in the male is/are.......

    <p>Acute urinary tract infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is the compression released in a renal imaging procedure?

    <p>After the 10-min film</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A method(s) that is used for urological diagnosis and cancer staging is/are .......

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary objective of acquiring the initial “arm-to-kidney” film during an intravenous urography procedure ?

    <p>To compare renal size and function by measuring the density of the nephrogram on both sides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During intravenous urography, when is the immediate film exposing the nephrogram taken ?

    <p>10-14 seconds after injection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can renal artery stenosis be diagnosed using Doppler techniques ?

    <p>Elevated peak systolic velocities exceeding 200 cm s-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the volume of the bladder calculated during an ultrasound?

    <p>By measuring three diameters pre and post micturition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended time for renal CT scan in order to prevent small lesions from being obscured?

    <p>100 seconds post contrast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All of the following conditions are considered as contraindications for applying compression during the 5-min film in intravenous urography except...

    <p>Produce pelvicalyceal distension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In MRI of the prostate, a thin-section small field of view T1-weighted spin echo (SE) scans in axial plane orthogonal to the axis of the prostate is used to evaluate for post biopsy hemorrhage.

    <p>3-4 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The indications MR urography include all the following except .....

    <p>demonstrate the collecting system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    .... uses a combination of unenhanced, nephrographic and delayed scans following i.v. contrast to sequentially allow examination of renal parenchyma and collecting systems.

    <p>CT urography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the optimal injection rate of i.v. contrast medium (LOCM 300) in CT angiography?

    <p>3-4 mL/s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the contrast media used in ascending urethrography in males?

    <p>LOCM 200-300 mg/ml</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The patients who should be prepared with oral or intravenous hydration before undergoing urography are those who have ......

    <p>Diabetes and impaired renal function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of ultrasound in comparison with other imaging modalities for the urinary tract?

    <p>It is radiation-free and safe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which imaging modality is commonly used for assessing retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy in the staging investigations of patients with bladder and prostate cancer?

    <p>MRI of the abdomen and pelvis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In order to assess the urinary bladder emptying in excretion urography, ...... should be taken.

    <p>After micturition film</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Regarding IVU post contrast images, all of the following films are taken except .......

    <p>25 min film</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a CT urogram, what is the purpose of acquiring thin-section scans during the nephrographic / parenchymal enhancement phase ?

    <p>To visualize small tumors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All the following are contraindications of MRI examination except?

    <p>Pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    One of the indications of IVU procedure is .....

    <p>Loin pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a relative indication for hysterosalpingography?

    <p>Recent curettage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Regarding hysterosalpingography preparation, the procedure should performed at ........

    <p>Between the 4th and 10th days of cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the medication that should be given to relax the muscles in the hystrosalpingography

    <p>Buscopan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Radiological Procedures for Biliary and Reproductive Systems

    • Micturating Cystourethrography (42): Lateral views are used to assess for leaks, evaluate for urinary tract infections, assess bladder filling and for urethral trauma.

    • Distal Ureter Visualization (43): A 5-minute film can improve visualization of distal ureters.

    • Adrenal Mass Characterization (44): Contrast-enhanced CT and 18-F FDG-PET, or contrast-enhanced CT and 18-F DOPA-PET, are alternative imaging modalities to characterize an adrenal mass as potentially malignant.

    • MRI for Urinary Tract (45): T2-weighted spin echo sequence visualizes the fluid-filled structures of the entire urinary tract.

    • Micturating Cystourethrography in Children (46): The primary indication for micturating cystourethrography in children is vesicoureteric reflux.

    • Antiperistaltic Drugs in Prostate MRI (47): Antiperistaltic drugs reduce bowel motion and distortion before prostate MRI.

    • Delayed Thin-Section CT Scans (48): Delayed thin-section scans in CT urogram assess renal parenchymal disease and determine renal artery stenosis.

    • Contraindications to Intravenous Excretion Urography (49): Haematuria, contrast medium allergy, suspected urinary tract pathology are contraindications.

    • Multiparametric MRI Prostate (50): T2, SPIR, DWI, and FLAIR are included.

    Additional Radiological Procedures

    • Ascending Urethrography Contraindications (51): Acute urinary tract infection, chronic renal failure, allergy to iodine are contraindications.

    • Renal Imaging Procedure Compression Release (52): Compression is released after the 5-minute film.

    • Urological Diagnosis and Staging (53): Methods include CT adrenals, CT KUB, CT urography, and CT angiography.

    • Intravenous Urography Initial Film (54): The primary objective of the initial "arm-to-kidney" film is to assess for potential ureteral obstructions based on kidney size discrepancies.

    • Nephrogram Exposure Timing (55): The immediate film exposing the nephrogram is taken 10-14 seconds after injection.

    • Renal Artery Stenosis Diagnosis (56): Doppler techniques can diagnose renal artery stenosis using high peak systolic velocities exceeding 200 cm/s.

    • Bladder Volume Calculation (57): Bladder volume in ultrasound is calculated by measuring three bladder diameters pre and post micturition.

    • Renal CT Scan Timing (58): The recommended time for renal CT scan is 30 seconds post contrast to prevent small lesions from being obscured.

    • Retroperitoneal Lymphadenopathy (67): PET-CT scan is commonly used to assess retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy.

    • IVU Post Contrast Imaging (69): Various films are taken after injection, including immediate film 10-15s, a 10-min film, and a release film.

    • CT Urogram Thin-Section Scans (70): Thin-section scans during the nephrographic/parenchymal enhancement phase are used to assess renal tract calculus disease, differentiate stones at the Vesicoureteric junction and visualize small tumors.

    • MRI Contraindications (71): Cardiac pacemakers, metallic implants, pregnancy, and contrast allergy are contraindications.

    • Indications of IVU (72): Indications include loin pain, impaired renal function and abdominal pain.

    • Hysterosalpingography Relative Indication (73): Active infection with discharge, pregnancy, recent curettage and menstruation are relative indications.

    • Hysterosalpingography Preparation (74): The procedure is done between the 12th and 17th day of the cycle.

    • Hysterosalpingography Muscle Relaxant (75): Glucagon is used to relax the muscles.

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    Special Radiological Procedures for Biliary and Reproductive Systems PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on various radiological procedures related to the biliary and reproductive systems. This quiz covers different imaging techniques, their indications, and the conditions they help to diagnose. From cystourethrography to MRI, evaluate your understanding of these vital diagnostic tools.

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