Psychology Quiz on Materialism and Disorders

The belief that every person is composed of two distinct entities – the body and the soul.

Plato, Socrates' student, expanded on the concept of the soul, believing it to be eternal. It will continue to exist even after death.

Plato proposed three components of the soul: Rational (reason and intellect), Spirited (emotions and courage), and Appetitive (body desires). These components must work together harmoniously.

St. Augustine believed in the bifurcated nature of humans, divided into body and soul. The body is mortal, while the soul strives for communion with God.

Thomas Aquinas proposed that humans are composed of both matter (the physical stuff) and form (essence or substance).

Rene Descartes, considered the father of modern philosophy, famously said, 'I think, therefore I am.' This means that our existence is confirmed through our ability to think.

David Hume believed that we gain knowledge through our senses and experiences. The self, he argued, is simply a collection of these perceptions.

Immanuel Kant proposed that humans have both an inner self (thoughts, feelings, beliefs) and an outer self that interacts with the physical world.

Gilbert Ryle argued that the self isn't a single entity but rather a pattern of behavior. We see ourselves as we act and interact in the world.

This philosopher emphasized the interconnectedness of mind and body, studying how people experience the world through their senses.

A common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. It can be passed through oral, anal, or vaginal sex.

A bacterial infection transmitted through sexual contact (oral, anal, or vaginal). It can lead to complications like infertility.

A sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. It has stages with different symptoms, including sores called chancres.

A phenomenon where buying a new possession triggers a chain reaction of wanting more possessions, even if those possessions were previously considered unnecessary.

A component of the self that encompasses our tangible possessions, body, clothes, family, and home. These items help define our identity and sense of self.

Artificial methods of birth control that use hormones to prevent pregnancy. Examples include pills, injections, patches, and implants.

Artificial methods of birth control that don't use hormones. Examples include condoms, spermicides, and the cervical cap.

Permanent methods of birth control for men (vasectomy) and women (ligation) where the tubes carrying sperm or eggs are cut and sealed.

An eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight, a distorted body image, and severe food restriction. Individuals with this disorder often engage in excessive exercise and may purge after eating.

A subtype of Anorexia Nervosa where individuals restrict their food intake without engaging in purging behaviors.

A subtype of Anorexia Nervosa where individuals engage in binge eating followed by purging behaviors such as vomiting or using laxatives.

An eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by purging behaviors such as vomiting, excessive exercise, or misuse of laxatives.

An eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating without any compensatory purging behaviors.

An eating disorder characterized by avoidance of certain foods or restriction of food intake due to concerns about sensory characteristics, fear of choking, or other reasons, without fear of gaining weight or a distorted body image.

An individual's deeply held sense of their own gender, which may or may not align with the sex they were assigned at birth.

A person's emotional, romantic, and/or sexual attraction to others, regardless of their gender identity.

A respectful greeting in Filipino culture where a younger person kisses the hand of an elder while saying "Mano po!"

Words used in Filipino conversations to show respect, especially towards elders. "Po" is appended to a statement or question, while "Opo" is used as an affirmative response.

Filipinos value family and often gather for reunions during special occasions like birthdays, holidays, or fiestas.

Family is highly valued in Filipino culture. They prioritize family needs and well-being above all else.

Filipinos are known for their cheerful disposition, often smiling even in challenging situations.

According to Russell Belk, our possessions are seen as extensions of ourselves, and we identify with what we have. Our belongings shape our self-concept and reflect our past experiences and aspirations for the future.

Stimuli are things that trigger a response in us. These can be internal, like feeling hungry, or external, like seeing an advertisement for a product.

While citizenship is the legal aspect of being Filipino, it's not the only defining factor. Shared cultural experiences, personality traits, and values also contribute to what it means to be Filipino.

Filipinos are known for their warm and welcoming nature towards guests and strangers, extending hospitality as if they were family.

The importance we place on material possessions changes as we age. Over time, we tend to associate more significance to objects that hold memories and represent personal milestones.

A complex system that encompasses knowledge, beliefs, arts, morals, laws, customs, and any other capabilities or habits acquired by a human within a society.

Edward B. Tylor, a British anthropologist, defined culture as a "complex whole" that encompasses knowledge, beliefs, arts, morals, laws, customs, and more.

George Herbert Mead theorized that the development of the self is a process of socialization, meaning we learn who we are through interactions with others and the environment.

The first stage of self-development, from birth to age 2, where children mimic those around them, learning basic behavior patterns.

The second stage, ages 3 to 6, where children play pretend and take on roles, learning about expectations and social norms.

The third stage, from age 7 onwards, where children participate in organized games with rules, developing a sense of independence and understanding societal structures.

Clifford Geertz's concept that humans are perpetually developing due to the influence of culture on behavior and self-formation. We are not born with complete understanding or abilities.

Individualist cultures value personal independence, self-reliance, and individual goals. Collectivist cultures prioritize group harmony, interdependence, and collective goals.

The 'I' represents the self as the active doer, the one who thinks, acts, and feels. It's the subjective experience of being yourself.

The 'ME' represents the self as an object of reflection, encompassing physical characteristics, psychological capabilities, and social roles.

The self-concept is a person's perception, beliefs, and ideas about who they are, formed based on personal experiences.

The ideal self represents who we aspire to be, an idealized version of ourselves, encompassing goals, skills, and traits we strive for.

The real or actual self represents who we genuinely are, encompassing both our strengths and weaknesses.

A self-schema is an organized system of knowledge about ourselves, formed through life experiences and interactions.

Incongruence occurs when there's a significant gap between our self-image and ideal self, leading to a sense of disconnect and difficulty in self-actualization.

Congruence occurs when our self-image aligns closely with our ideal self, fostering a sense of alignment, fulfillment, and self-actualization.