Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does the biological approach in psychology primarily focus on?
What does the biological approach in psychology primarily focus on?
Which of the following frameworks specifically studies behavior in relation to environmental factors?
Which of the following frameworks specifically studies behavior in relation to environmental factors?
What is the main focus of developmental psychology?
What is the main focus of developmental psychology?
The cognitive framework in psychology is centered around which of the following?
The cognitive framework in psychology is centered around which of the following?
Signup and view all the answers
Which metatheory emphasizes the uniqueness of each individual and their responsibility to make choices?
Which metatheory emphasizes the uniqueness of each individual and their responsibility to make choices?
Signup and view all the answers
In which psychology approach is animal behavior studied as a means to understand human behavior?
In which psychology approach is animal behavior studied as a means to understand human behavior?
Signup and view all the answers
What does evolutionary psychology seek to explain?
What does evolutionary psychology seek to explain?
Signup and view all the answers
Which perspective in psychology focuses on the consequences of actions to explain behavior?
Which perspective in psychology focuses on the consequences of actions to explain behavior?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a key requirement for a theory to be considered testable in psychology?
What is a key requirement for a theory to be considered testable in psychology?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of the empirical method in psychology?
What is the role of the empirical method in psychology?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following best describes descriptive research in psychology?
Which of the following best describes descriptive research in psychology?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a z-factor in psychological research?
What is a z-factor in psychological research?
Signup and view all the answers
What principle underscores the expectation for psychologists working with empirical evidence?
What principle underscores the expectation for psychologists working with empirical evidence?
Signup and view all the answers
How do psychologists utilize rationalism/logic in their research?
How do psychologists utilize rationalism/logic in their research?
Signup and view all the answers
What does a good psychology study aim to achieve regarding extraneous variables?
What does a good psychology study aim to achieve regarding extraneous variables?
Signup and view all the answers
Which statement about the scientific method in psychology is accurate?
Which statement about the scientific method in psychology is accurate?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary belief of biological psychologists?
What is the primary belief of biological psychologists?
Signup and view all the answers
Which part of the nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord?
Which part of the nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of neurotransmitters in the nervous system?
What is the role of neurotransmitters in the nervous system?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the neurocomputational approach to brain functioning emphasize?
What does the neurocomputational approach to brain functioning emphasize?
Signup and view all the answers
Which cells play a supportive role in the nervous system by protecting and repairing neurons?
Which cells play a supportive role in the nervous system by protecting and repairing neurons?
Signup and view all the answers
Which concept suggests that understanding psychology requires including both brain and body?
Which concept suggests that understanding psychology requires including both brain and body?
Signup and view all the answers
What basic mechanism is involved in psychological functions according to the content?
What basic mechanism is involved in psychological functions according to the content?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of nerves in the nervous system?
What is the primary function of nerves in the nervous system?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of neurons in the nervous system?
What is the primary function of neurons in the nervous system?
Signup and view all the answers
Which part of the neuron is responsible for receiving information from other neurons?
Which part of the neuron is responsible for receiving information from other neurons?
Signup and view all the answers
What role do glial cells play in the nervous system?
What role do glial cells play in the nervous system?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the function of the terminal button in a neuron?
What is the function of the terminal button in a neuron?
Signup and view all the answers
What best describes the action potential in a neuron?
What best describes the action potential in a neuron?
Signup and view all the answers
What component of the central nervous system is primarily responsible for psychological functioning?
What component of the central nervous system is primarily responsible for psychological functioning?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary distinction between the anatomical and functional organization views of the nervous system?
What is the primary distinction between the anatomical and functional organization views of the nervous system?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following statements correctly describes how neurons interact?
Which of the following statements correctly describes how neurons interact?
Signup and view all the answers
What occurs when a neuron is activated?
What occurs when a neuron is activated?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the resting potential of a neuron characterized by?
What is the resting potential of a neuron characterized by?
Signup and view all the answers
Which neurotransmitters are most commonly affected by antidepressants?
Which neurotransmitters are most commonly affected by antidepressants?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the dopamine dysregulation hypothesis propose?
What does the dopamine dysregulation hypothesis propose?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main function of anxiolytic medications?
What is the main function of anxiolytic medications?
Signup and view all the answers
Which structures facilitate sensation by providing access to the environment?
Which structures facilitate sensation by providing access to the environment?
Signup and view all the answers
What best describes the process of sensation?
What best describes the process of sensation?
Signup and view all the answers
What phenomenon describes the sensation experienced by individuals who have lost a limb?
What phenomenon describes the sensation experienced by individuals who have lost a limb?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the process called that transforms raw energy into neural energy?
What is the process called that transforms raw energy into neural energy?
Signup and view all the answers
Which cells in the sensory systems are responsible for making transduction possible?
Which cells in the sensory systems are responsible for making transduction possible?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the theory of specific nerve energies state?
What does the theory of specific nerve energies state?
Signup and view all the answers
How is light intensity measured?
How is light intensity measured?
Signup and view all the answers
What role do photopigments play in the process of light transduction?
What role do photopigments play in the process of light transduction?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of the visual cortex in the brain?
What is the primary function of the visual cortex in the brain?
Signup and view all the answers
What phenomenon allows certain individuals to experience multiple sensory modalities simultaneously?
What phenomenon allows certain individuals to experience multiple sensory modalities simultaneously?
Signup and view all the answers
What happens to light energy when it reaches the retina?
What happens to light energy when it reaches the retina?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Psychology Overview
- Psychology is the scientific study of human behavior and mental processes.
- Scientific investigation requires empirical tests and replication.
- Theoretical frameworks/metatheories guide psychological research.
Psychological Perspectives
- Biological: Focuses on biological underpinnings of behavior (evolution, genetics).
- Behavioral: Emphasizes environmental influences and past experiences on behavior. Behavior is explained by circumstances and consequences.
- Cognitive: Examines mental processes like attention, memory, problem-solving.
- Sociocultural: Considers social and cultural factors impacting behavior.
- Developmental: Studies how mental processes and behavior change over a lifespan, often focusing on children initially, but covering the entire life span.
- Evolutionary: Explores behavior through the lens of adaptive fitness and natural selection.
- Comparative: Studies animals to understand human behavior.
- Humanistic and Existential: Emphasizes individual uniqueness, free will, and responsibility.
- Psychoanalytic/Psychodynamic: Highlights the importance of unconscious processes, early childhood, personality, and relationships.
- Feminist: Focuses on societal forces influencing the behaviors of men and women, political, economic, and social rights.
- Postmodern: Questions the core of psychological science, challenging the concept of truth as socially constructed.
- Biopsychosocial Model: Integrates biological, psychological, and social factors in understanding behavior.
Research Methodology
- Empirical method: Observation and experimentation.
- Authority: Reliance on experts for information.
- Rationalism/Logic: Creating theories and hypotheses based on logic.
- Scientific Method: A preferred approach for obtaining and investigating information on behavior and mental processes.
- Descriptive Research: Observing and collecting data without manipulation.
- Experimental Research: Manipulating variables to study cause-and-effect relationships.
Variables and Data
- Population: A complete collection of items, objects, etc.
- Sample: A subset of a population.
- Randomization: Ensures all members of the population are equally likely to be selected in the sample.
- Sampling Bias: Choosing samples in a way that some members of the population are less likely to be included than others.
- Variable: A measured aspect of something (behavior, characteristic, process).
- Independent Variable: The variable manipulated in an experiment.
- Dependent Variable: The variable measured in an experiment.
- Correlation: A relationship between two variables (not necessarily causal). The value of one is related to the other.
- Placebo: A decoy variable (fake treatment) to understand if the treatment actually has an impact.
- Ethics: Guiding principles for ethical behavior in research and practice.
Neural Processes
- Neurons: Individual nerve cells.
- Signals: Electrochemical changes in neurons.
- Neurotransmitters: Chemical messengers between neurons.
- Glial Cells: Provide support to neurons.
- Action Potential: Electrical impulses traveling towards the terminal neuron.
Sensory Processes
- Transduction: Converting energy from the environment into neural energy.
- Receptors: Specialized cells receiving stimuli.
- Stimuli: Combinations of wavelengths of light, sounds, tastes, etc.
- Specific Nerve Energies: Each sensory system provides information for only one sense (no matter how the nerve is stimulated).
- Synesthesia: Ability to sense one form of energy with a different sensory system.
Visual Processing
- Retina: Contains photoreceptors.
- Photoreceptors: Light-sensitive cells.
- Rods: Sensitive to low light intensities, peripheral vision.
- Cones: Responsive to wavelengths of light, color vision.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
This quiz explores the fundamental concepts of psychology, including its scientific foundations and various theoretical perspectives. It covers biological, behavioral, cognitive, sociocultural, developmental, evolutionary, and comparative approaches to understanding human behavior and mental processes.
