Podcast
Questions and Answers
Individuals who believe that their actions and experiences are largely determined by external factors, such as luck or fate, are considered to have a:
Individuals who believe that their actions and experiences are largely determined by external factors, such as luck or fate, are considered to have a:
People with a high external locus of control are more likely to resist social influence.
People with a high external locus of control are more likely to resist social influence.
False
What is the term used to describe the tendency for people with a high internal locus of control to base their decisions on their own beliefs rather than depending on the opinions of others?
What is the term used to describe the tendency for people with a high internal locus of control to base their decisions on their own beliefs rather than depending on the opinions of others?
Self-reliance
The _ is a continuum representing the varying degrees of internal and external locus of control.
The _ is a continuum representing the varying degrees of internal and external locus of control.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the following characteristics with the corresponding locus of control:
Match the following characteristics with the corresponding locus of control:
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic typically associated with individuals with a high internal locus of control?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic typically associated with individuals with a high internal locus of control?
Signup and view all the answers
Research has shown that social support can have a positive effect on resisting social influence.
Research has shown that social support can have a positive effect on resisting social influence.
Signup and view all the answers
In Gamson's 1982 study, how did the presence of groups influence the participants' resistance to obedience?
In Gamson's 1982 study, how did the presence of groups influence the participants' resistance to obedience?
Signup and view all the answers
The Teen Fresh Start USA program aimed to help pregnant adolescents aged 14-19 resist peer pressure to _.
The Teen Fresh Start USA program aimed to help pregnant adolescents aged 14-19 resist peer pressure to _.
Signup and view all the answers
What is a key difference between Milgram's obedience study and Gamson's study of resistance to obedience?
What is a key difference between Milgram's obedience study and Gamson's study of resistance to obedience?
Signup and view all the answers
What percentage of genuine participants refused to conform when the dissenter had apparently good eyesight?
What percentage of genuine participants refused to conform when the dissenter had apparently good eyesight?
Signup and view all the answers
Social support always aids individuals in resisting group influence.
Social support always aids individuals in resisting group influence.
Signup and view all the answers
Who conducted a study that measured the link between locus of control and resistance to obedience?
Who conducted a study that measured the link between locus of control and resistance to obedience?
Signup and view all the answers
In a study comparing internals and externals, ___% of externals did not continue to the highest shock level.
In a study comparing internals and externals, ___% of externals did not continue to the highest shock level.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the terms with their definitions related to locus of control:
Match the terms with their definitions related to locus of control:
Signup and view all the answers
What was the surprising outcome of Twenge et al.'s analysis of locus of control studies?
What was the surprising outcome of Twenge et al.'s analysis of locus of control studies?
Signup and view all the answers
The role of locus of control is always the most important factor in resisting social influence.
The role of locus of control is always the most important factor in resisting social influence.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of LOC in new situations according to Rotter?
What is the role of LOC in new situations according to Rotter?
Signup and view all the answers
Resistance to authority figures is more likely in individuals with an ___ locus of control.
Resistance to authority figures is more likely in individuals with an ___ locus of control.
Signup and view all the answers
In Holland's repeated Milgram study, what percentage of internals did not continue to the highest shock level?
In Holland's repeated Milgram study, what percentage of internals did not continue to the highest shock level?
Signup and view all the answers
What are individuals with a high internal locus of control more likely to do compared to those with a high external locus of control?
What are individuals with a high internal locus of control more likely to do compared to those with a high external locus of control?
Signup and view all the answers
People with a high external locus of control are typically more self-confident than those with a high internal locus of control.
People with a high external locus of control are typically more self-confident than those with a high internal locus of control.
Signup and view all the answers
What was the main finding of the Teen Fresh Start USA program regarding social support?
What was the main finding of the Teen Fresh Start USA program regarding social support?
Signup and view all the answers
Individuals with a high internal locus of control are more likely to resist ______ to conform or obey.
Individuals with a high internal locus of control are more likely to resist ______ to conform or obey.
Signup and view all the answers
What was one of the findings of Gamson's 1982 study?
What was one of the findings of Gamson's 1982 study?
Signup and view all the answers
Match the following groups with their outcome regarding social influence:
Match the following groups with their outcome regarding social influence:
Signup and view all the answers
Adolescents who participated in the Teen Fresh Start program reported increased smoking rates compared to those who did not have a mentor.
Adolescents who participated in the Teen Fresh Start program reported increased smoking rates compared to those who did not have a mentor.
Signup and view all the answers
People with a high internal LOC often show greater ______ to social influence due to their self-confidence.
People with a high internal LOC often show greater ______ to social influence due to their self-confidence.
Signup and view all the answers
What role does self-confidence play in a person's locus of control?
What role does self-confidence play in a person's locus of control?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following traits is commonly associated with individuals with a high internal locus of control?
Which of the following traits is commonly associated with individuals with a high internal locus of control?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following best describes social support in resisting social influence?
Which of the following best describes social support in resisting social influence?
Signup and view all the answers
An individual with an internal locus of control believes that external factors primarily influence their life events.
An individual with an internal locus of control believes that external factors primarily influence their life events.
Signup and view all the answers
What effect does the presence of a dissenting model have on an individual's behavior in terms of conformity?
What effect does the presence of a dissenting model have on an individual's behavior in terms of conformity?
Signup and view all the answers
Individuals who resist social influence are often said to have a strong sense of __________.
Individuals who resist social influence are often said to have a strong sense of __________.
Signup and view all the answers
In Milgram's variations, obedience rates dropped significantly when participants were joined by a disobedient:
In Milgram's variations, obedience rates dropped significantly when participants were joined by a disobedient:
Signup and view all the answers
Locus of control is solely about whether a person believes in luck.
Locus of control is solely about whether a person believes in luck.
Signup and view all the answers
What role does social support play in resisting obedience?
What role does social support play in resisting obedience?
Signup and view all the answers
Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
Signup and view all the answers
What happens to conformity rates when another person is present who is not conforming?
What happens to conformity rates when another person is present who is not conforming?
Signup and view all the answers
The theory proposing that individuals attribute control over their lives to either themselves or external factors is known as __________.
The theory proposing that individuals attribute control over their lives to either themselves or external factors is known as __________.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Resistance to Social Influence
- Refers to the ability to withstand social pressure to conform or obey authority.
- Influenced by situational and dispositional factors.
Social Support
- The presence of people who resist pressures to conform or obey helps others resist.
- These individuals act as models demonstrating resistance.
Locus of Control (LOC)
- Refers to an individual's belief about what directs events in their lives.
- Internals believe they are mostly responsible (internal locus of control)
- Externals believe outside forces are responsible (external locus of control)
- Rotter (1966) proposed the concept of LOC.
- This is a scale and individuals vary, so 'high internal' and 'high external' are at opposite ends of the scale.
- People with high internal LOC are more able to resist pressure to conform or obey.
Resisting Conformity
- Pressure to conform can be resisted with other non-conformists present.
- The presence of a non-conforming confederate helps naive participants resist group pressure, as they are more likely to follow their conscience.
- Confederates act as models of independent behaviour, showing that dissent is possible.
- Dissent of a confederate shows majority is not unanimous, increasing dissent.
- Asch's research demonstrated the influence of social support on conformity.
- Social Support can reduce conformity rates when dissenters give alternative responses.
Resisting Obedience
- Pressure to obey can be resisted if others disobey.
- Disobedient confederates act as models of dissent reducing obedience.
- This challenges the legitimacy of the authority figure.
- Milgram's research showed that the presence of a disobedient confederate significantly decreased obedience rates.
- Participants do not necessarily follow the disobedient person's behaviour; rather the presence of disobedience acts as a model of dissent freeing the participant to act from their own conscience.
Locus of Control (Evaluation)
- A link exists between LOC and resistance to obedience.
- Internals exhibit greater resistance to authority than externals.
- Holland (1967) replicated Milgram's baseline study, measuring participants' LOC.
- Internals showed significantly higher resistance to authority.
- There's contradictory evidence: studies show that resistance increased, but external locus of control also increased during the same time period. (Twenge et al., 2004)
- LOC's role depends on the situation; past experience of conforming or obeying is a stronger factor.
Social Support (Evaluation)
- Research supports the positive effects; successful real-world examples such as a program for pregnant adolescents (Albrecht et al., 2006) show that social support decreased smoking rates; a reduction risk in smoking was observed in the program group who had a buddy/mentor.
- Dissenting peers play a role: Studies show resistance increased with dissenting peers, suggesting social support can undermine authority (Allen & Levine, 1971). This is stronger when dissenters have a perceived advantage. (e.g., better eyesight)
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
This quiz explores key concepts related to resistance to social influence, including social support, locus of control, and strategies for resisting conformity and obedience. Test your understanding of how individual beliefs and the presence of non-conformists play a role in resisting social pressures.
