COPY: Psychology Chapter on Memory Models

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Which component of the memory model temporarily holds sensory information?

Sensory memory (correct)

Short term memory

Long term memory

Working memory

Short term memory has an unlimited capacity.

False

What are the two types of sensory registers?

Iconic store and echoic store

In short term memory, information can be represented ____ for visual information.

visually Signup and view all the answers

Match the memory storage processes to their descriptions:

Encoding = Translating information into neural code Storage = Retaining information over time Retrieval = Pulling information back out for use Chunking = Grouping units into larger bits Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of echoic memory?

About 2 seconds Signup and view all the answers

Chunking is a method used to decrease the storage duration of short term memory.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical duration of information retention in short term memory without any control process?

About 20 seconds Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between short-term memory (STM) and working memory (WM)?

STM is for storage only, while WM involves manipulating information. Signup and view all the answers

Procedural memory can be verbally articulated.

False Signup and view all the answers

What type of amnesia results in the inability to form new long-term memories?

anterograde amnesia Signup and view all the answers

The primary functions of working memory include the storage and __________ of information.

manipulation Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of memory with their characteristics:

Episodic Memory = Personal experiences Semantic Memory = General factual knowledge Muscle Memory = Skills and actions that become automatic Anterograde Amnesia = Inability to create new long-term memories Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the storage capacity of long-term memory?

Unlimited and durable. Signup and view all the answers

Henry Molaison (HM) demonstrated that short-term and long-term memory are the same system.

False Signup and view all the answers

Name one brain structure that is important in the formation of semantic and episodic long-term memories.

hippocampus Signup and view all the answers

What does the acronym HOMES help to remember?

The Great Five Lakes Signup and view all the answers

Semantic mnemonics include techniques like bizarre imagery and the Method of Loci.

False Signup and view all the answers

What are associative networks in memory theory?

A network of associated concepts represented by nodes, where concepts are linked by associations. Signup and view all the answers

The technique used to remember items by linking them with familiar locations is known as the ________.

Method of Loci Signup and view all the answers

Match the following memory techniques with their descriptions:

First letter technique = Using the first letters of words to create a memorable phrase Narrative technique = Creating a story to remember information Bizarre imagery = Using unusual and vivid images to enhance memory Method of Loci = Associating information with physical locations Signup and view all the answers

What type of memory is intact in K.F. despite short term memory damage?

Long term memory Signup and view all the answers

Clive Wearing is able to form new memories.

False Signup and view all the answers

What memory process involves adding meaning or associations to information?

Elaborative rehearsal Signup and view all the answers

The _____ effect refers to the tendency to remember items at the end of a list more easily.

recency Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of processing with its description:

Effortful processing = Conscious and intentional Automatic processing = Unintentional with minimal attention Maintenance rehearsal = Repeating information Elaborative rehearsal = Enhancing information understanding Signup and view all the answers

What strategy involves repeating information over and over?

Maintenance rehearsal Signup and view all the answers

The primary effect helps in recalling items from the end of a list.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship defined by the serial position effect?

The position of a word in a list influences its probability of recall. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between proactive and retroactive interference?

Retroactive interference occurs when past information interferes with new information. Signup and view all the answers

Dementia is always associated with Alzheimer's disease.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the memory loss for events that happen after an amnesic episode?

Anterograde Amnesia Signup and view all the answers

The process of blocking the recall of anxiety-arousing memories is known as ______.

repression Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of amnesia with their definitions:

Retrograde Amnesia = Loss of memory for events before the onset of amnesia Anterograde Amnesia = Loss of memory for events after the onset of amnesia Signup and view all the answers

What is a flashbulb memory?

A memory of a very surprising and emotionally arousing event. Signup and view all the answers

Cues are stimuli that can lead to the activation of information stored in long-term memory.

True Signup and view all the answers

What happens to flashbulb memories over time?

They become less accurate. Signup and view all the answers

Learning is associated with a particular internal state is known as __________ learning.

state-dependent Signup and view all the answers

Match the following retrieval principles with their descriptions:

Encoding specificity = Learning information with its context State-dependent learning = Learning associated with internal states Transferring appropriate processing = Matching tasks at encoding and retrieval Decay = Fading of memory traces over time Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors can impair the ability to retrieve information?

Encoding failure Signup and view all the answers

The process of retrieval only involves recalling information without any cues.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is one example of a non-drug factor that can affect state-dependent learning?

Mood. Signup and view all the answers

COPY: Psychology Chapter on Memory Models

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Questions and Answers

Which component of the memory model temporarily holds sensory information?

Short term memory has an unlimited capacity.

What are the two types of sensory registers?

In short term memory, information can be represented ____ for visual information.

Match the memory storage processes to their descriptions:

What is the duration of echoic memory?

Chunking is a method used to decrease the storage duration of short term memory.

What is the typical duration of information retention in short term memory without any control process?

What is the primary difference between short-term memory (STM) and working memory (WM)?

Procedural memory can be verbally articulated.

What type of amnesia results in the inability to form new long-term memories?

The primary functions of working memory include the storage and __________ of information.

Match the types of memory with their characteristics:

Which of the following best describes the storage capacity of long-term memory?

Henry Molaison (HM) demonstrated that short-term and long-term memory are the same system.

Name one brain structure that is important in the formation of semantic and episodic long-term memories.

What does the acronym HOMES help to remember?

Semantic mnemonics include techniques like bizarre imagery and the Method of Loci.

What are associative networks in memory theory?

The technique used to remember items by linking them with familiar locations is known as the ________.

Match the following memory techniques with their descriptions:

What type of memory is intact in K.F. despite short term memory damage?

Clive Wearing is able to form new memories.

What memory process involves adding meaning or associations to information?

The _____ effect refers to the tendency to remember items at the end of a list more easily.

Match the type of processing with its description:

What strategy involves repeating information over and over?

The primary effect helps in recalling items from the end of a list.

What is the relationship defined by the serial position effect?

What is the main difference between proactive and retroactive interference?

Dementia is always associated with Alzheimer's disease.

What is the term for the memory loss for events that happen after an amnesic episode?

The process of blocking the recall of anxiety-arousing memories is known as ______.

Match the types of amnesia with their definitions:

What is a flashbulb memory?

Cues are stimuli that can lead to the activation of information stored in long-term memory.

What happens to flashbulb memories over time?

Learning is associated with a particular internal state is known as __________ learning.

Match the following retrieval principles with their descriptions:

Which of the following factors can impair the ability to retrieve information?

The process of retrieval only involves recalling information without any cues.

What is one example of a non-drug factor that can affect state-dependent learning?

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