Protein Structure Levels Quiz

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What is the function of receptor proteins?

Provide structural support to tissues

Store genetic information

Transport nutrients within the cell

Respond to chemical stimuli (correct)

Which protein type is responsible for providing support, such as in hair and skin appendages?

Structural proteins (correct)

Contractile proteins

Hormonal proteins

Defensive proteins

What is the main characteristic of amino acids that differentiates them from each other?

Number of carbon atoms

Size of the carboxyl group

Differences in R groups (correct)

Shape of the amino group

How are all proteins constructed?

By linking together amino acids into polypeptides Signup and view all the answers

Which protein function involves controlling gene expression?

Gene regulatory proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of contractile proteins?

Convert chemical energy into mechanical work Signup and view all the answers

What type of bonds link amino acids in a polypeptide chain?

Peptide bonds Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a protein primarily dependent on?

The sequence of amino acids and their three-dimensional structure Signup and view all the answers

Which part of a polypeptide chain is also known as the N-terminus?

Amino end Signup and view all the answers

What determines the unique shape of a functional protein?

The folding pattern of the amino acids Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of electrically charged amino acids?

They have charged R-groups Signup and view all the answers

What range best describes the length variation in polypeptides?

Between few to over a thousand amino acids long Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary structure of a protein?

Unique amino acids sequence Signup and view all the answers

What defines the secondary structure of a protein?

Coils and folds within the polypeptide chain Signup and view all the answers

How is the tertiary structure of a protein determined?

Interactions among various side chains Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the quaternary structure of a protein?

Consists of multiple polypeptide chains Signup and view all the answers

Which level of protein structure results from hydrogen bonds between repeating constituents?

Secondary structure Signup and view all the answers

What analogy is used to describe the primary structure of a protein?

Order of letters in a long word Signup and view all the answers

Which secondary structure is described as a folded structure?

β-pleated sheet Signup and view all the answers

What determines the tertiary structure of a polypeptide?

Interactions between R groups Signup and view all the answers

What type of bonds reinforce the protein's structure in tertiary structure?

Disulfide bridges Signup and view all the answers

When does quaternary structure occur?

When two or more polypeptide chains form one macromolecule Signup and view all the answers

Which interaction type is NOT involved in determining tertiary protein structure?

Covalent bonds Signup and view all the answers

What is the quaternary structure of collagen?

Consists of three polypeptides coiled like a rope Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between α-helix and β-pleated sheet in secondary structures?

Folded structure type Signup and view all the answers

What is the quaternary structure of hemoglobin?

Consists of four polypeptides: two alpha and two beta chains Signup and view all the answers

What causes sickle-cell disease?

A change in primary structure Signup and view all the answers

What can cause a protein to denature?

Changes in pH, salt concentration, temperature, or other environmental factors Signup and view all the answers

In addition to primary structure, what else can affect protein structure?

Physical and chemical conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of denatured proteins?

Biologically inactive Signup and view all the answers