Amino Acids in Polypeptides Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which functional group in Serine is responsible for its polarity?

  • CH3 group
  • NH3+ group
  • COOH group
  • OH- group (correct)

What type of amino acid residues are more soluble due to containing neutral uncharged polar functional groups?

  • Sulfur-containing
  • Aliphatic
  • Aromatic
  • Polar (correct)

In which amino acid is an OH group added to the para-position of the benzene ring?

  • Glycine
  • Tyrosine (correct)
  • Threonine
  • Cysteine

Which amino acid occurs in its oxidized form as cystine in proteins?

<p>Cysteine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes an amino acid residue hydrophilic?

<p>Uncharged polar functional groups (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is a dipeptide different from an oligopeptide?

<p>Length of the chain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of pepsin in the stomach?

<p>To denature proteins and kill some bacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of enteropeptidase in the digestion process?

<p>To convert zymogens to active enzymes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of trypsin in protein digestion?

<p>To cleave proteins at arginine or lysine residues (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of zymogens in protein digestion?

<p>To prevent the premature activation of proteases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of peptidases in protein digestion?

<p>To cleave oligopeptides into smaller peptides (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of cholecystokinin and secretin in protein digestion?

<p>To stimulate the release of pancreatic proteases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the low pH of the stomach in protein digestion?

<p>Denatures proteins to make them more accessible to enzymes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is secreted by serous cells in the gastric gland?

<p>Pepsin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in proteins?

<p>Endopeptidases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the precursor form of trypsin before activation?

<p>Trypsinogen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for the hydrolysis of proteins into large polypeptides in the stomach?

<p>Pepsin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of enterokinase/trypsin in the digestion process?

<p>Activation of trypsinogen into trypsin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme catalyzes the transfer of the carbamoyl group to ornithine?

<p>Ornithine carbamoyl transferase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which compound donates its carbamoyl group to ornithine in the Urea Cycle?

<p>Carbamoyl phosphate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does ornithine usually form before entering the mitochondria for the Urea Cycle reactions?

<p>Cytosol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of reaction forms citrulline from the carbamoyl group and ornithine?

<p>Transferase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component leaves the mitochondria after the formation of citrulline in the Urea Cycle?

<p>Citrulline (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the regulatory enzyme involved in the formation of carbamoyl phosphate?

<p>Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of high levels of phenylalanine in pregnant women?

<p>Abnormal development of the foetus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely cause of mental retardation in this condition?

<p>Accumulation of phenylalanine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of phenylalanine on the transport of other amino acids to the brain?

<p>It competes and inhibits the transport (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical manifestation of this condition?

<p>Mental retardation, poor psychomotor maturation, and urine odour (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the enzyme deficiency responsible for Tyrosinaemia?

<p>Tyrosine transaminase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic urine odour in this condition?

<p>Phenylacetate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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