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Questions and Answers
Which country did early Philippine merchants NOT trade with before the Spanish colonization?
What was the purpose of the Manila-Acapulco Galleon Trade?
What effect did the opening of the Suez Canal have on travel between Europe and the Philippines?
What products were NOT brought into the Philippines on the return voyage of the Galleon Trade?
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Which item was NOT exported from Manila during this time?
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Why did the Spanish crown close the ports of Manila to all countries except Mexico?
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Study Notes
Economic Context of the Philippines in Rizal's Time
- Trading was a significant aspect of the Philippines even before the Spanish colonization, with early Philippine merchants trading with various countries, including Japan, China, Siam (Thailand), Cambodia, India, Borneo, and the Moluccas.
Spanish Colonization and the Galleon Trade
- The Spanish crown saw an opportunity to profit from this trade and established a government monopoly, closing the ports of Manila to all countries except Mexico.
- This led to the birth of the Manila-Acapulco trade, also known as the Galleon Trade, making Manila the center of commerce in the east.
- The trade involved the exchange of goods such as mangoes, tamarind, rice, carabao, Chinese tea, textiles, fireworks, perfume, precious stones, and tuba (a coconut wine) from Manila to Mexico.
- In return, the Philippines received numerous and valuable flora and fauna, including guava, avocado, papaya, pineapple, horses, and cattle.
Impact of the Suez Canal
- The opening of the Suez Canal, an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, shortened the distance of travel between Europe and the Philippines.
- As a result, the voyage was reduced to only 32 to 40 days, bringing the Philippines closer to Spain.
Rise of the Export of Crop Economy
- After the end of the Galleon trade, many products of the Philippines were produced for foreign markets, marking the rise of an export-oriented crop economy.
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Description
Explore the economic context of the Philippines during Rizal's time, focusing on trade relations with various countries and the impact of Spanish colonization on trade through the Manila-Acapulco galleon trade. Learn about the government monopoly and trading practices.
