Pharmacology and Biostatistics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What does increased wandering and hostility indicate regarding the disease progression?

  • The disease is in remission.
  • The disease is regressing.
  • The disease is stable.
  • The disease is progressing. (correct)
  • What is the maximum dose of memantine that can be prescribed daily?

  • 20 mg (correct)
  • 15 mg
  • 25 mg
  • 10 mg
  • Which medication inhibits COMT and is used as a treatment supplement in Parkinson's disease?

  • Levodopa
  • Ropinirol
  • Tolcapone (correct)
  • Razagilin
  • What medication did Terry most likely take from her friend that caused serious side effects?

    <p>Sumatriptan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition can occur due to the coadministration of a serotonin agonist with an SSRI?

    <p>Serotonin syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptoms did Terry develop after taking the medication given by her friend?

    <p>High fever and muscle tremor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications is an SSRI that Terry was initially prescribed for her depression?

    <p>Sertraline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common medication used to treat migraines?

    <p>Levodopa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes the unintentional, unexpected reactions to standard doses of medication?

    <p>Side effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term specifically studies how genetic factors influence drug response?

    <p>Pharmacogenetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs is known to inhibit P-glycoprotein (P-gp)?

    <p>Verapamil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which substance should a couple trying to conceive avoid?

    <p>Melatonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes synergistic effects from drug combinations?

    <p>Combined effects are greater than the sum of individual effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are toxic effects in the context of drug administration?

    <p>Life-threatening reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes pharmacodynamics?

    <p>Study of the drug's effects and duration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a patient is prescribed multiple medications, what is the primary risk associated with synergistic effects?

    <p>Increased risk of adverse reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is a common effect of melatonin that may hinder conception?

    <p>Suppression of LH secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option describes a characteristic of side effects?

    <p>They can be either predictable or unpredictable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for the prescribed drug combination?

    <p>Short-term treatment of overweight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does chronic ethanol intake have on paracetamol metabolism?

    <p>Induces hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a likely consequence of chronic alcohol consumption in relation to paracetamol use?

    <p>Increased susceptibility to paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum daily dosage of memantine indicated for a patient with worsening symptoms?

    <p>20 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Given the family report of worsening symptoms, what does this suggest about the patient's memantine dosage?

    <p>The patient is taking less than needed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What isoenzyme is induced by chronic ethanol use related to paracetamol metabolism?

    <p>CYP2E1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be considered if a patient on memantine shows increased hostility and wandering?

    <p>Combination therapy may be required</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes how ethanol affects paracetamol toxicity?

    <p>Ethanol can lead to more severe liver damage during overdose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What could be a potential risk of using paracetamol in individuals who drink alcohol regularly?

    <p>Increased formation of toxic metabolites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What pharmacological effect is associated with subtherapeutic doses of memantine in Alzheimer's disease?

    <p>Uncontrolled mental decline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary risk associated with zolpidem use?

    <p>Complex sleep behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What unusual behavior did the patient exhibit while taking zolpidem?

    <p>Nocturnal eating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication may enhance the effects of zolpidem but does not cause nocturnal eating?

    <p>Sertraline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate first-line treatment for chronic insomnia?

    <p>Non-pharmacologic therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What off-label indication does sertraline have?

    <p>Treatment of binge eating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many milliliters of cyanocobalamin should be injected daily for 5 days to achieve a total dosage of 1000 mcg?

    <p>1 ml</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In addition to insomnia, what other condition is the female patient being treated for?

    <p>Diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be monitored in patients using zolpidem?

    <p>Sleep patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between Kaplan-Meier curves and life tables in survival analysis?

    <p>KM curves do not require specific intervals for event display.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total volume of cyanocobalamin needed to administer a dose of 1000 mcg per day for 5 days?

    <p>10 ml</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is indicated for short-term treatment of insomnia?

    <p>Zolpidem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some potential complex behaviors associated with non-benzodiazepine GABA agonists?

    <p>Sleep-driving and sleep-walking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which assumption is made by both Kaplan-Meier curves and life tables regarding censored subjects?

    <p>Censored subjects would have had similar outcomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way do life tables differ fundamentally from Kaplan-Meier curves?

    <p>Life tables categorize observation outputs into distinct time events.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible drug interaction effect of zolpidem?

    <p>Enhanced CNS depressive effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the volume of a 10,000 mcg cyanocobalamin solution in a 10 ml vial that will be used for the 1000 mcg injection?

    <p>1 ml</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can Kaplan-Meier curves be utilized in clinical data presentation?

    <p>They estimate the probability of survival over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature is unique to Kaplan-Meier survival analysis compared to traditional life tables?

    <p>KM analysis can handle irregular time intervals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes how outcomes of subjects are treated in life tables?

    <p>Outcomes are categorized into fixed time periods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the similarity assumption for subjects recruited at different times in survival studies?

    <p>It allows for more accurate estimates regardless of timing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for choosing an open-ended question in the patient's survey?

    <p>To understand more about the patient's experience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option best describes an appropriate open-ended survey question for the patient after physical therapy?

    <p>&quot;What were the results of your physical therapy?&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might be a disadvantage of closed-ended questions in the patient survey?

    <p>They limit the depth of understanding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the patient's grade improvement to grade 4- in both lower limbs?

    <p>It shows partial recovery and progress in strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of procedure did the patient undergo following the disc prolapse diagnosis?

    <p>Costotransversectomy and discectomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symptoms indicated a serious medical condition in the patient?

    <p>Weakness in the legs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a physical therapy team in the patient's recovery?

    <p>To improve strength and mobility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom was specifically noted during the physical examination of the patient?

    <p>Palpable urinary bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the patient's recovery, what is the significance of hospitalizing the patient for 2 weeks?

    <p>It allows for emergency surgical interventions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What medication is mentioned for treating a 16-year-old boy suffering from skin conditions related to TNF?

    <p>Etanercept</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Test 1 - Question 1

    • Cyanocobalamin 1000 mcg intramuscular for 5 days was prescribed.
    • The patient has 10,000 mcg cyanocobalamin in a 10 ml vial.
    • To administer 1000 mcg per day, 1 ml is needed.

    Test 1 - Question 2

    • Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves and life tables both represent survival data.
    • Life tables track outcomes for all subjects.
    • KM curves show survival regardless of specific time points.
    • KM curves are best for studies with large sample sizes.

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    Description

    This quiz covers essential topics in pharmacology, specifically the administration of cyanocobalamin, and biostatistics, highlighting the use of Kaplan-Meier curves and life tables in survival data analysis. Prepare to test your knowledge on medication dosage calculations and statistical methods for patient data evaluation.

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